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Structural Organisation in Animals Test - 58

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Structural Organisation in Animals Test - 58
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The structure in earthworm which serves as a wedge to force open cracks in the soil is
    Solution
    The anterior end of earthworm consists of the mouth and the prostomium, a lobe which serves as a covering for the mouth as a wedge to force open cracks in the soil into which the earthworm may crawl. The prostomium is sensory in function. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Prostomium'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    How many spiracles are present in the thorax of cockroach
    Solution
    Spiracles are the slit-like apertures located on the lateral sides of the body in the cockroach. They help in respiration. The spiracles are 10 pairs, out of which two are present in the thorax and eight are abdominal.
    So, the correct answer is '2'.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The body cells in Cockroach discharge their nitrogenous waste in haemolymph mainly in the form of
    Solution

    Correct Option: B

    Explanation:

    •  Cockroaches have malpighian tubules which extract the wastes in the form of solubles like potassium and sodium urate, carbon dioxide, and water from the haemolymph.
    • The bicarbonates of sodium and potassium, water, and uric acid are formed in the Malpighian tubules. 
    • This uric acid is then carried to the alimentary canal of insects.
    • It is finally passed out through the anus.

    Hence, The body cells in Cockroach discharge their nitrogenous waste in haemolymph mainly in the form of potassium urate.

  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    In Cockroach, the arthrodial membrane
    Solution
    The entire body of cockroach is covered with thick, dark-brown, chitinous plates called the sclerites. These constitute the exoskeleton. The adjacent sclerites are joined together by thin, soft and flexible arthrodial membrane to allow free movement.
    So, the correct answer is 'joins the sclerites'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    If a live earthworm is pricked with a needle on its outer surface without damaging its gut, the fluid that comes out is
    Solution
    If a live earthworm is pricked with a needle on its outer surface without damaging its gut, the fluid that comes out is coelomic fluid because coelomic fluid lies between the body wall and alimentary canal. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Coelomic fluid'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The first body segment of earthworm is 
    Solution
    Earthworm lack a distinct head. The first segment at the anterior end of the body is called peristomium or buccal segment which bears the crescentic mouth. Peristomium bears a fleshly lobe-like structure which is called prostomium which hangs over the mouth ventrally. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Peristomium'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    In Earthworm, gizzard is present in segments
    Solution
    • In Earthworm, the oesophagus is followed by the gizzard. The gizzard is a prominent oval, hard, thick-walled and highly muscular organ lying in the 8th or 8th and 9th segments. It has a thick wall of circular muscles lined by columnar cells which are further linked by the cuticle. The gizzard grinds the food into a fine state. 

    So, the correct answer is '8th 9th'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Metanephridia of Earthworm are ____________.
    Solution
     Planaria are flatworms that live in fresh water. Their excretory system consists of two tubules connected to a highly branched duct system. The cells in the tubules are called flame cells (or protonephridia) because they have a cluster of cilia that looks like a flickering flame when viewed under the microscope.
    On the other hand, Earthworms (annelids) have slightly more evolved excretory structures called nephridia. A pair of nephridia is present on each segment of the earthworm. They are similar to flame cells in that they have a tubule with cilia.
    So, the correct answer is 'Analogous to flame cells'. 
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Role of calciferous glands in stomach of earthworm is to
    Solution
    In earthworm, gizzard leads to short, narrow, thin-walled, a highly vascular tubular structure called stomach, which extends from 9th or 10th to 14th segment. It is wider than the oesophagus. It has a calciferous gland which helps in the neutralization of food by calcification process. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Neutralise the humic acid in the hummus'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Identify the correct statements with reference to nervous system of Periplaneta

    (i) Brain is mainly sensory and an endocrine gland
    (ii) All thoracic ganglia supply nerves to the parts of their respective segments only
    (iii) Sixth abdominal ganglion is the largest of all abdominal ganglia
    (iv) Frontal ganglion is connected to ingluvial ganglion by a recurrent nerve
    Solution
    A. ii and iv
    Explanation: The nervous system of cockroach promotes the survival of quickly activating the running responses, which is served by the three thoracic glands of cockroach to their respective segments. The frontal ganglion is connected with the supra-oesophageal ganglion. A nerve passes backward from it and connects the frontal ganglion with the ingluvial ganglion.  
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