Structural Organisation in Animals Test

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Structural Organisation in Animals Test - 84

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Excretion in most annelids take place by

A
Kidneys

B
Flame cells

C
Nephridia

D
Both B and C

Solution

Flatworms have special excretory organs which are known as flame cells which help to excrete metabolic waste by constant beating of cilia. The nephridia is an invertebrate organ present in annelids which occur in pairs and performs a function similar to the vertebrate kidney. Nephridia remove metabolic wastes from an animal's body. So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 2
1 / -0

Choose the correct order of excretory organs in cockroach, earthworm and rabbit respectively.

A
Skin, Malpighian tubules and kidney

B
Malpighian tubules, nephridia and kidney

C
Nephridia, Malpighian tubules and kidney

D
Nephridia, kidney and green gland

Solution

The excretory organ of cockroach is the Malpighian tubules. It is found at the junction of the midgut and hindgut and is about 150 in number.
Almost every segment of the earthworm has a pair of excretory organs, known as nephridia. Each nephridium is made up of a coiled tube that opens into the body cavity.
Rabbit has a pair of kidneys on either side of the body as an excretory organ. So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 3
1 / -0

The above flow chart shows the three steps of glucose breakdown in different conditions. Which of the given steps is responsible for muscle cramps?

A
Step I

B
Step II

C
Step III

D
Both (A) and (B)

Solution

Lactate is formed from the breakdown of glucose during anaerobic respiration.
The cells make ATP during this process, which provides energy for most of the chemical reactions in the body. Lactate formation doesn't use oxygen, hence the process is often called anaerobic metabolism. Lactate-related ATP production is very fast. This makes it ideal for satisfying energy needs anytime exercise intensity exceeds 50% of maximum capacity. However the accumulation of lactic acid leads to muscle fatigue and muscle cramps.
Hence the correct option is B.
Question 4
1 / -0

When subminimal stimulus is given, then

A
Muscles contract vigorously

B
Muscles contract slowly

C
Muscles never contract

D
Muscles become fatigued

Solution

Muscles are excitatory tissue. Muscle contraction is initiated by a signal sent by the central nervous system (CNS) via a motor neuron. A motor neuron along with the muscle fibres connected to it constitute a motor unit. The junction between a motor neuron and the sarcolemma of the muscle fibre is called the neuromuscular junction or motor-end plate. A neural signal reaching this junction releases a neurotransmitter (Acetylcholine) which generates an action potential in the sarcolemma. This spreads through the muscle fibre and causes the release of calcium ions into the sarcoplasm. The muscle fibres contract based on all or none philosophy and the nervous stimulus should be above a critical threshold to cause muscular contraction. In case the stimulus is sub-minimal, muscles will not contract. This is called All or None law.
Hence the correct option is C.

Question 5

1 / -0

Match column I with column II and select the correct answer.

	List I		List II
A	Nissl's granules	i	Astrocytes
B	Tract	ii	Cerebellum
C	Muscle tone	iii	Arachnoid
D	Star-shaped glial cells	iv	Dura mater
E	Outermost brain envelop	v	Mitochondria
		vi	Collection of nerve fibres
		vii	Repolarisation
		viii	Oligodendrocytes
		ix	Collection of cytons
		x	Ribosomes

A-x, B-ix, C-ii, D-i, E-iv

A-v, B-vi, C-vii, D-viii, E-iii

A-x, B-vi, C-ii, D-i, E-iv

A-v, B-vi, C-ii, D-i, E-iv

A-x, B-v, C-iii, D-i, E-v

Solution

Nissl granules are of rough endoplasmic reticulum with rosettes of free ribosomes, which are the site of protein synthesis.
Tract refers to the digestive tract or bundle of nerve fibers having a common origin and destination.
The cerebellum is the region of the brain that functions in controlling motor activities. It is concerned with balance, equilibrium, and muscle tone.
Astrocytes are the star-shaped glial cells of the central nervous system.
The outermost layer that envelops the arachnoid mater of the brain is called the dura mater.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Question 6
1 / -0

Which type of coelom is found in frog?

A
Enterocoel

B
Schizocoel

C
Pseudocoel

D
Haemocoel
Solution
- A coelom or coelomic cavity developed from the wall of the archenteron in some invertebrates is called an enterocoel. This type of coelom is found in some amphibians like frogs.
- Schizocoely occurs when the coelom is formed by splitting the mesodermal embryonic tissue.
- Pseudocoel is not a product of embryonic development and it is not lined with the well defined mesodermal membrane.
- Haemocoel can be defined as the primary body cavity which consists of circulatory fluid in the invertebrates.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
1 / -0

Phosphagen in vertebrates is:

A
Phospho creatine

B
Phospho arginine

C
ATP

D
Phosphoric acid

Solution

The phosphagens are energy storage compounds, also known as high-energy phosphate compounds. They are chiefly found in muscular tissue in animals. ATP molecules can provide energy for only a few seconds of strenuous muscular activity. Thus muscle cells have backup energy storage compound, creatine phosphate, that can be stockpiled. The energy stored in creatine phosphate is transferred to ATP as needed. But during vigorous exercise, the supply of creatine phosphate is quickly depleted. Muscle cells must replenish their supplies of these energy-rich compounds. Chemical energy is stored in muscle fibers as glycogen, a large polysaccharide formed from hundreds of glucose molecules. Glycogen can be degraded, yielding glucose, which is then degraded in cellular respiration. When sufficient oxygen is available, enough energy is captured from glucose to produce needed quantities of ATP and creatine phosphate.
Hence the correct option is A.
Question 8
1 / -0

Digestive enzymes in grasshopper and cockroach are secreted from

A
Foregut

B
Midgut

C
Hind gut

D
Hepatic caecae

Solution

The hepatic caecum is found in grasshopper and cockroaches, which secretes enzymes into the stomach. Here, they assist in the digestive process. They are present at the beginning of the midgut where they float freely in the haemocoel and helps in digestion.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Question 9
1 / -0

An adult male is made up of ................ % of skeletal muscles.

A
42

B
27

C
40

D
None of these
Solution
- Skeletal muscle is a type of striated muscle tissue. It is under the voluntary control of the somatic nervous system.
- It is one of three major muscle types, the others being cardiac muscle and smooth muscle.
- An average adult male is made up of 42% of skeletal muscle and an average adult female is made up of 36% skeletal muscle.
- It also has striations, unlike smooth muscle.
- Hence the correct option is A.
Question 10
1 / -0

The diagram shows a neurone. Which structures could be found at X and Y?

A
X- brain, Y - intestine

B
X- brain, Y - brain

C
X- eye, Y - hand

D
X- skin, Y - spinal cord

Solution

Option d is the right answer. The above diagram shows a sensory neurone. In a sensory neurone the flow of the nerve impulse is from the nerve ending in sense organ to the nerve ending in the central nervous system, the bulb like projection is the cell body thus X=skin and Y=spinal cord.

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Structural Organisation in Animals Test - 84

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Structural Organisation in Animals Test - 84

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Kidneys

Flame cells

Nephridia

Both B and C

Solution

Question 2

Skin, Malpighian tubules and kidney

Malpighian tubules, nephridia and kidney

Nephridia, Malpighian tubules and kidney

Nephridia, kidney and green gland

Solution

Question 3

Step I

Step II

Step III

Both (A) and (B)

Solution

Question 4

Muscles contract vigorously

Muscles contract slowly

Muscles never contract

Muscles become fatigued

Solution

Question 5

A-x, B-ix, C-ii, D-i, E-iv

A-v, B-vi, C-vii, D-viii, E-iii

A-x, B-vi, C-ii, D-i, E-iv

A-v, B-vi, C-ii, D-i, E-iv

A-x, B-v, C-iii, D-i, E-v

Solution

Question 6

Enterocoel

Schizocoel

Pseudocoel

Haemocoel

Solution

Question 7

Phospho creatine

Phospho arginine

ATP

Phosphoric acid

Solution

Question 8

Foregut

Midgut

Hind gut

Hepatic caecae

Solution

Question 9

42

27

40

None of these

Solution

Question 10

X- brain, Y - intestine

X- brain, Y - brain

X- eye, Y - hand

X- skin, Y - spinal cord

Solution

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