Biomolecules Test

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Biomolecules Test - 39

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Question 1
1 / -0

............ is the first protein molecule whose structure was discovered and deciphered.

A
Insulin

B
Glucagon

C
Histone

D
Urease

Solution

Insulin is a protein hormone secreted by the pancreas. It maintains blood glucose level as an antagonist of glucagon. In the year 1953, Frederick Sanger worked out the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain of the hormone insulin. Thus, insulin became the first protein molecule to be sequenced.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 2
1 / -0

The chitin (acetylglucosamine) located in certain biological organisms is chemically a

A
Mucoprotein

B
Oligosaccharide

C
Lipoprotein

D
Polysaccharide

Solution

Chitin is a second most abundant homopolysaccharide. It is composed of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in $$\beta$$-linkage. It is principal components of the hard exoskeleton of arthropods. It is indigestible by the invertebrates.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 3
1 / -0

In a pollen grain, if T = 40%, C = 10%, then G = ?

A
40%

B
10%

C
91%

D
20%

Solution

$$\frac{A+T}{G+C}$$ is constant (Chargaff's rule) for a species and also A = T and G = C.
As per Chargaff's rules, the content of adenine is equal to the content of thymine and content of guanine is equal to the content of cytosine in a given DNA sample. Hence, if cytosine is 10 percent the guanine content will also be 10 percent.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following combination is false?

A
A-T

B
A-G

C
C-G

D
A-U

Solution

As per Watson and Crick standard base pairing rules, adenine forms double hydrogen bond with thymine and guanine forms a triple hydrogen bond with cytosine. Hence, the content of adenine is equal to the content of thymine and content of guanine is equal to the content of cytosine. Uracil is the pyrimidine used in RNA in place of thymine. Hence, in the case of RNA, content of adenine is equal to the content of uracil. The content of adenine is not equal to the content of guanine.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 5
1 / -0

One of the following enzyme is used to cut genes at specific sites, therefore, useful in recombinant technology

A
Ligase

B
Topoisomerase

C
Pepsin

D
Restriction endonuclease

Solution

Restriction endonuclease are a part of cellular defense system in bacteria. These enzymes cleave or restrict external or exogenous DNA. A type of these enzymes act on specific palindromic sequences which they recognize.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which one of them catalyzes oxidation-reduction reactions?

A
Oxidase

B
Oxidoreductase

C
Oxygenase

D
All of the above

Solution

Certain enzymes carry oxidation reduction reactions. Oxidation is defined as the chemical process which involves loss of electron whereas reduction is the process in which a substrate accepts electron.
An oxygenase is any enzyme that oxidizes a substrate by transferring the oxygen from molecular oxygen O$$_2$$ (as in air) to it.
An oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor.
An oxidase is any enzyme that catalyzes an oxidation-reduction reaction, especially one involving molecular oxygen (O$$_2$$) as the electron acceptor.
Question 7
1 / -0

An enzyme which catalyses the conversion of aldose sugar to ketose would be classified as

A
Transferases

B
Isomerases

C
Hydrolases

D
Ligases
Solution
- Isomerases are the enzymes that catalyze the transfer of groups within molecules to yield isomeric bonds. As aldose and ketose sugars are isomers, their interconversion is catalyzed by isomerases.
- Transferases will catalyze group transfer reactions.
- Hydrolases will catalyze hydrolytic reactions and ligases catalyze the formation of C-C, C-S, C-O, and C-N bonds by condensation reactions coupled to ATP cleavage.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 8
1 / -0

Carbonic anhydrase is the best known example of

A
Hydrolase

B
Transferase

C
Lyase

D
Coagulative

Solution

Lyase are the enzymes which catalyze breakdown reactions without hydrolysis. Lyases are classified as EC 4 in the EC number classification of enzymes. Lyases can be further classified into several subclasses : EC 4.1 includes lyases that cleave carbon-carbon bonds, such as decarboxylases (EC 4.1.1), aldehyde lyases (EC 4.1.2), oxo acid lyases (EC 4.1.3) and others (EC 4.1.99).
Question 9
1 / -0

The fastest acting enzyme in the biological kingdom is

A
Lipase

B
Amylase

C
Carboxypeptidase

D
Carbonic anhydrase

Solution

In enzymology, the turnover number is the number of substrate molecules converted to products in a given unit of time on a single enzyme molecule when the enzyme is saturated with substrate. The enzyme catalase has the highest turnover number value of 40,000,000 (per second per molecule of enzyme), followed by Carbonic anhydrase 400,000 (per second per molecule of enzyme), followed by acetylcholinesterase 140,000 (per second per molecule of enzyme), followed by $$\beta$$-lactamase 2000 (per second per molecule of enzyme).
Question 10
1 / -0

In which one of the following enzymes, is copper necessarily associated as an activator?

A
Carbonic anhydrase

B
Tryptophanase

C
Lactic dehydrogenase

D
Tyrosinase

Solution

Tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme present in plant and animal tissues that catalyzes the production of melanin and other pigments from tyrosine by oxidation, as in the blackening of a peeled or sliced potato exposed to air. In animals it is found inside melanosomes which are synthesised in the skin melanocytes.

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Biomolecules Test - 39

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Biomolecules Test - 39

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Insulin

Glucagon

Histone

Urease

Solution

Question 2

Mucoprotein

Oligosaccharide

Lipoprotein

Polysaccharide

Solution

Question 3

40%

10%

91%

20%

Solution

Question 4

A-T

A-G

C-G

A-U

Solution

Question 5

Ligase

Topoisomerase

Pepsin

Restriction endonuclease

Solution

Question 6

Oxidase

Oxidoreductase

Oxygenase

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

Transferases

Isomerases

Hydrolases

Ligases

Solution

Question 8

Hydrolase

Transferase

Lyase

Coagulative

Solution

Question 9

Lipase

Amylase

Carboxypeptidase

Carbonic anhydrase

Solution

Question 10

Carbonic anhydrase

Tryptophanase

Lactic dehydrogenase

Tyrosinase

Solution

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