Biomolecules Test

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Biomolecules Test - 65

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which one value is required for enzyme action?

A
Low $${K}_{m}$$

B
High $${K}_{m}$$

C
Low $${K}_{i}$$

D
High $${K}_{i}$$

Solution

K$$_i$$ is the inhibitory constant. It is the estimation of the potency of an inhibitor. When the K$$_i$$ is is low the inhibitor binds very tightly to the enzymes and the rate of reaction slows down and the required dose of the inhibitor is very less. High K$$_i$$ decreases the binding affinity of the inhibitor and thus rate of reaction increases and the inhibitor is required in very large quantity.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 2
1 / -0

An enzyme brings about

A
Decrease in reaction time

B
Increase in reaction time

C
Increase in activation energy

D
Reduction in activation energy

Solution

Enzymes are proteins which accelerate the rate of the reaction. The substrate and product have different energy state. The energy gap between the substrate and the product is known as activation energy which is the minimum energy required to initiate a reaction. The enzymes lower the activation energy and lead to the faster conversion of substrate to the product.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 3
1 / -0

Ribozyme is

A
RNA with enzyme activity

B
RNA without sugar

C
RNA without phosphate

D
RNA with extra phosphate

Solution

Correct option: A
Explanation:
· Ribozymes: they are enzymes made up of RNA.
· It shows catalytic function, ribozyme is 23SrRNA. It is found in bacteria (prokaryotic cells) during translation process.
· Its function is it forms peptide bond between two amino acids and which forms a polypeptide chain. The ribozymes are vestigial remnants.
· e.g., Splicesomes, RNAse-P and peptidy transferase.

Hence, ‘RNA with enzyme activity’ is correct answer.
Question 4
1 / -0

$${K}_{m}$$ value of enzyme is substrate concentration at

A
$${1}/{4} {V}_{max}$$

B
$$2 {V}_{max}$$

C
$${1}/{2} {V}_{max}$$

D
$$4 {V}_{max}$$

Solution

k$$_m$$ value or Michaelis constant is defined as the substrate concentration at which half of the enzyme molecules are forming (ES) complex or concentration of the substrate when the velocity of the enzyme reaction is half the maximum value. The k$$_m$$ varies from enzyme to enzyme and is used in characterizing the different enzymes. A smaller k$$_m$$ value indicates greater affinity of the enzyme for its substrate, hence, shows a quicker reaction k$$_m$$ is a constant characteristic of an enzyme for its conversion of a substrate.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which one is polymerised to yield proteins?

A
Amino acids

B
Muramic acid

C
Monosaccharides

D
All the above

Solution

Amino acids are the elementary unit of proteins. Protein is formed by various folded linear polymers of amino acids. The polymer of amino acids is called as polypeptides. A protein having two or more polypeptides and form the multimeric protein. Muramic acids are amino sugar. Monosaccharides are simple carbohydrates. Thus, the correct option is A.
Question 6
1 / -0

Ultraviolet light absorbed by nucleic acids is at

A
$$26 nm$$

B
$$75 nm$$

C
$$260 nm$$

D
$$1500 nm$$

Solution

Nucleic acids absorb ultraviolet (UV) light due to the heterocyclic rings of the nucleotides, sugar-phosphate backbone of nucleotide does not contribute to absorption. The wavelength of maximum absorption for RNA and DNA is 260nm.
So the correct answer is C.
Question 7
1 / -0

Cholera patients are provided with saline drips as

A
$$NaCl$$ is component of blood, maintains RBCs and helps dissolve proteins.

B
$${Na}^{+}$$ is required for water retention in the body and selective transport across the plasma membrane.

C
$${Cl}^{-}$$ is essential component of blood plasma.

D
$${Cl}^{-}$$ helps form $$HCl$$ in stomach.

Solution

Cholera patients are provided saline drips because they are suffering from dehydration. So, the main purpose is to retain water and other fluids in the body of patients that is why saline drips are provided because in this large amount of sodium ions are present which helps in water retention.
So, the correct answer is B.
Question 8
1 / -0

Ester linkages occur in

A
Nucleic acids

B
Nucleus

C
Carbohydrates

D
Proteins

Solution

DNA and RNA are the chain of polynucleotide which are joined by ester linkage known as phosphodiester bonds. DNA resembles RNA as both has polynucleotide chain. The two nucleotide is linked by the phosphodiester bond. It is formed by the linkage between the 3' carbon atom of one sugar molecule and the 5' carbon atom of another. Two hydroxyls (OH) groups on the phosphate molecule bind to the 3’ and 5’ carbons on two independent pentose sugars to form a bond.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 9
1 / -0

Cellulose is made of

A
Unbranched chain of glucose molecules linked by $$\alpha-1, 6$$ glycosidic bonds

B
Unbranched chain of glucose molecules linked by $$\beta-1, 4$$ glycosidic bonds

C
Branched chain of glucose molecules having $$\alpha-1, 6$$ glycosidic bonds at the site of branching

D
Branched chain of glucose molecules with $$\alpha-1, 6$$ glycosidic bonds in the straight chain and $$\beta-1, 4$$ linked bonds at the site of branching

Solution

Cellulose is a polysaccharide. It is formed by the linkage of beta 1,4 linkage of the glucose unit. It is an important component of the cell wall of the plant. It is used for the production of paper. It does not have free aldehyde group so they are non reducing sugar. It is a fibrous polysaccharide as it exists in form of long chain-like structure and is mainly found in plants.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 10
1 / -0

Nucleic acids occur in

A
Viruses only

B
Bacteria only

C
Mammals only

D
All forms of life

Solution

Nucleic acids are DNA and RNA. DNA is a genetic material which is mainly present in the nucleus of the cell in eukaryotes like mammals. The genetic material is covered by a nuclear membrane. Mitochondria and chloroplast are the only organelles which are semi-autonomous which have their own DNA. Mitochondrial DNA is known as mt-DNA and the chloroplast is known as ct-DNA.
In prokaryotes like bacteria, the genetic material lies freely in the cytoplasm. The region where the nucleic acid is present is known as a nucleoid.
Virus mostly has RNA as genetic material. But some of the virus-like herpes virus has DNA as genetic material.
So, the correct answer is option D.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biomolecules Test - 65

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Biomolecules Test - 65

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Low $${K}_{m}$$

High $${K}_{m}$$

Low $${K}_{i}$$

High $${K}_{i}$$

Solution

Question 2

Decrease in reaction time

Increase in reaction time

Increase in activation energy

Reduction in activation energy

Solution

Question 3

RNA with enzyme activity

RNA without sugar

RNA without phosphate

RNA with extra phosphate

Solution

Question 4

$${1}/{4} {V}_{max}$$

$$2 {V}_{max}$$

$${1}/{2} {V}_{max}$$

$$4 {V}_{max}$$

Solution

Question 5

Amino acids

Muramic acid

Monosaccharides

All the above

Solution

Question 6

$$26 nm$$

$$75 nm$$

$$260 nm$$

$$1500 nm$$

Solution

Question 7

$$NaCl$$ is component of blood, maintains RBCs and helps dissolve proteins.

$${Na}^{+}$$ is required for water retention in the body and selective transport across the plasma membrane.

$${Cl}^{-}$$ is essential component of blood plasma.

$${Cl}^{-}$$ helps form $$HCl$$ in stomach.

Solution

Question 8

Nucleic acids

Nucleus

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Solution

Question 9

Unbranched chain of glucose molecules linked by $$\alpha-1, 6$$ glycosidic bonds

Unbranched chain of glucose molecules linked by $$\beta-1, 4$$ glycosidic bonds

Branched chain of glucose molecules having $$\alpha-1, 6$$ glycosidic bonds at the site of branching

Branched chain of glucose molecules with $$\alpha-1, 6$$ glycosidic bonds in the straight chain and $$\beta-1, 4$$ linked bonds at the site of branching

Solution

Question 10

Viruses only

Bacteria only

Mammals only

All forms of life

Solution

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