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The s-Block Elements Test -7

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The s-Block Elements Test -7
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0

    Metal carbonates decompose on heating to give metal oxide and carbondioxide. Which of the metal carbonates is most stable thermally?

    Solution

    BaCO3 is very stable due to size compatibility factor . A larger cation can stablise a larger anion.Group 2 element become more thermally stable down the group.

  • Question 2
    1 / -0

    The diagonal relationship exists between

    Solution

    1st element of 1st group and the second element of 2nd group exist in diagonal relationship.Due to their nearly  same polarizing power

  • Question 3
    1 / -0

    Metals form basic hydroxides. Which of the following metal hydroxide is the least basic?

    Solution

    Due to small size of Mg. Mg-O become more stronger hence tendency of OH to leave decreases thus basic character decreases.

  • Question 4
    1 / -0

    Some of the Group 2 metal halides are covalent and soluble in organic solvents. Among the following metal halides, the one which is soluble in ethanol is

    Solution

    BeCl2 is soluble in ethanol.  As BeCl2 is hygroscopic it is soluble in many polar solvent.

  • Question 5
    1 / -0

    The order of decreasing ionisation enthalpy in alkali metals is

    Solution

    As we more down the group size increases and also ionization energy decreases.

  • Question 6
    1 / -0

    The solubility of metal halides depends on their nature, lattice enthalpy and hydration enthalpy of the individual ions. Amongst fluorides of alkali metals,the lowest solubility of LiF in water is due to

    Solution

    LiF has very high lattice energy which cannot be compensated by Hydration Energy.

  • Question 7
    1 / -0

    Amphoteric hydroxides react with both alkalies and acids. Which of the following Group 2 metal hydroxides is soluble in sodium hydroxide?

    Solution

    Be(OH)2 is soluble in NaOH.Since Be act as amphoteric unlike other group 2 elements

  • Question 8
    1 / -0

    In the synthesis of sodium carbonate, the recovery of ammonia is done by treating NH4Cl with Ca(OH)2. The by-product obtained in this process is

    Solution

    By product obtained in this process is CaCl​2​​.

    NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 → CaCl2 +  2NH3 + H2O

  • Question 9
    1 / -0

    The nitrate of which of the following alkaline earth metals crystallises as anhydrous salt?

    Solution

    Magnesium nitrate crystallises with six molecules of water, whereas barium nitrate crystallises as the anhydrous salt. This shows a decreasing tendency to form hydrates with increasing size and decreasing hydration enthalpy. 

  • Question 10
    1 / -0

    By adding gypsum to cement

    Solution

    When mixed with water, the setting of cement takes place to give a hard mass. This is due to the hydration of the molecules of the constituents and their rearrangement. The purpose of adding gypsum is only to slow down the process of setting of the cement so that it gets sufficiently hardened

  • Question 11
    1 / -0
    The correct sequence of thermal stability of the following carbonates is: 
    Solution
    The thermal stability of alkaline earth metals carbonates increases down the group because down the group polarizing power of cation decreases. So thermal stability increases.

    Hence, thermal stability order : $$MgCO_3<CaCO_3<SrCO_3<BaCO_3$$
  • Question 12
    1 / -0
    The element having greatest difference between its first and second ionization energies is:
    Solution
    $$K=2,8,8,1$$
    After removal of one electron, the second electron we have to remove from another shell which has an octet configuration, hence there is a large difference between first and second ionization energies.
  • Question 13
    1 / -0
    Both lithium and magnesium display several similar properties due to the diagonal relationships however, the one which is incorrect is:
    Solution
    Both $$Li$$ and $$Mg$$ combine directly with $$N_2$$ to give nitrides $$Li_3N_2$$ and $$Mg_3N_2$$. 

    Bicarbonates of $$Li$$ and $$Mg$$ are more soluble in water than carbonates whereas carbonates of alkali metals are more soluble.

    Hydroxides and nitrates of both Li and Mg decompose on heating to give oxide.

    $$LiNO_3 \xrightarrow {\Delta} Li_2O +NO_2+O_2$$

    $$Mg(NO_3)_2 \xrightarrow {\Delta} MgO+NO_2+O_2$$

    Magnesium forms basic carbonates $$(MgCO_3.Mg(OH)_2.xH_2O)$$ while lithium forms normal carbonates, it does not form basic carbonates.
  • Question 14
    1 / -0
    The structure of beryllium chloride in the solid state and vapour phase, respectively, are:
    Solution
    $$BeCl_{2}$$ exist as $$(BeCl_{2})_{n}$$ polymeric chain in solid form, while $$BeCl_{2}$$ exist as dimer $$(BeCl_{2})_{2}$$ in vapour phase.
  • Question 15
    1 / -0
    The INCORRECT statement is :
    Solution
    $$2LiNO_3 \xrightarrow{\Delta} Li_2O + 2NO_2{(g)} +\dfrac{1}{2}O_2(g)$$

    So, D is the correct option.
  • Question 16
    1 / -0
    The amphoteric hydroxide is :
    Solution
    $$Be(OH)_2$$  is amphoteric in nature while rest all alkaline earth metal hydroxide are basic in nature
  • Question 17
    1 / -0
    Among the statements $$(a)-(d)$$, the correct ones are :
    (a) Lithium has the highest hydration enthalpy among the alkali metals.
    (b) Lithium chloride is insoluble in pyridine.
    (c) Lithium cannot form ethynide upon its reaction with ethyne.
    (d) Both lithium and magnesium react slowly with $$H_2O$$.
  • Question 18
    1 / -0
    All of the following share the same crystal structure except:
    Solution
    RbCl, NaCl, and KCl share the same crystal structure except for LiCl.
    LiCl is deliquescent. It crystalises as a hydrate $$\displaystyle LiCl \cdot 2H_2O$$. Other alkali metal chlorides do not form hydrates.
    Hence ,option C is correct.
  • Question 19
    1 / -0
    What is the value of electron gain enthalpy of $${Na}^{+}$$ if $$I{E}_{1}$$ of $$NA = 5.1  eV$$ ?
    Solution
    The electron gain enthalpy of sodium cation is equal in magnitude and opposite in sign to the first ionization energy of sodium atom. It is equal to $$-5.1  eV$$.
  • Question 20
    1 / -0
    Which of the following oxides is most acidic in nature?
    Solution
    As we know that the acidic character of oxides increases across the period while it decreases down the group. Therefore, the acidic character of oxides follows the order:
    $$BeO>MgO>CaO>BaO$$
    Therefore, $$BeO$$ is most acidic.
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