States of Matter Test

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States of Matter Test - 2

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
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Which are three important states of matter ?

A
atoms, molecules and ions

B
solid, liquid and gas

C
solid, glasses and gases

D
solid, liquid and plasma

Solution

Three phases of matter are :

1. Solid - firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid, strongest intermolecular forces.

2. Liquid - A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. Intermediate molecular forces.

3. Gas -Takes the volume of the container, weakest intermolecular forces.
Question 2
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Physical behavior of the states differs greatly even though chemical behavior of the three states is identical because chemical properties depends upon ?

A
intermolecular non bonding forces whereas physical properties depend on intermolecular bonding forces.

B
non bonding forces whereas physical properties depend on intermolecular bonding forces.

C
non bonding forces whereas physical properties depend on intermolecular bonding forces.

D
covalent bonding forces whereas physical properties depend on energy supplied.

E
intramolecular bonding forces whereas physical properties depend on intermolecular Non-bonding forces.

Solution

The question is based on the understanding of how the forces operate in a molecule. It is known that chemical properties depend on intramolecular bonding forces (holding the atoms in a molecule together), whereas physical properties depend on intermolecular non-bonding force (such as different kinds of polar interactions holding the molecules together).
Question 3
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dipole-dipole forces act between molecules that have

A
an induced electrical dipole moment

B
an electron cloud that causes temporary dipoles

C
a permanent magnetic dipole moment

D
a permanent electrical dipole moment.

Solution

dipole dipole forces act between molecules that have a permanent electrical dipole moment,the partial charge of one molecule get attracted to the opposite charge of other molecule
Question 4
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Which of the following statements about Hydrogen bond incorrect?

A
In hydrogen bonding H atom becomes partially negative and is attracted to the more positive N atom.

B
In hydrogen bonding H atom becomes partially positive and is attracted to the more negative N atom.

C
In hydrogen bonding H atom becomes partially positive and is attracted to the more negative F atom.

D
In hydrogen bonding H atom becomes partially positive and is attracted to the more negative O atom.

Solution

Hydrogen atom covalently bonded to highly electronegative atom such as N,O experience electrostatic field of another highly electronegative atom due to which a partial positive charge is developed on H atom.
Question 5
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The intermolecular force primarily responsible for the condensed states of nonpolar substances is the

A
dipole-dipole attraction

B
dispersion force (or London force)

C
hydrogen bond

D
ion-dipole forces

Solution

The intermolecular force primarily responsible for the condensed states of nonpolar substances is the dispersion force (or London force).
Question 6
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The average Kinetic energy and Thermal energy are proportional to the

A
Pressure

B
Specific Heat

C
Absolute Temperature

D
Volume

Solution

The average KE and Thermal energy are proportional to absolute Temperature.

The kinetic energy is the amount of motion in the atoms and molecules of a substance. The moleculess of the gas gain energy as the temperature increases as there is more motion of the molecules. As the temperature decreases the motion lessens until at absolute zero all motion (kinetic energy) stops.
Question 7
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Three states of matter are the result of?

A
Balance between intermolecular forces and the intramolecular bonding energy of the molecules

B
Balance between Hydrogen bonding forces and the London forces.

C
Balance between intermolecular forces and the thermal energy of the molecules

D
Balance between vanderwaals forces and the London forces.

Solution

Three states of matter are the result of balance between intermolecular forces and the thermal energy of the molecules. These two factors differentiate them from each other. For understanding, The strongest intermolecular forces are in solid then in liquid and weakest in gases.
Question 8
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Gases have much lower density than the solids and liquids because ?

A
Gases contain lower specific enthalpy than solids.

B
Thermal energy overcomes on the attractive intermolecular forces.

C
Gases do not have intermolecular forces that attract each molecule to another.

D
Distance between the molecules is small compared to solids.

Solution

In gases, molecules are far apart from each other, thermal energy which is a measure of freeness of motion is thus very high resulting in a very large volume for the same mass(compared to solid and liquid). Hence there density is lowest.
Question 9
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At constant temperature, the pressure of a fixed amount (i.e., number of moles n) of gas is?

A
Varies inversely with its volume.

B
Is constant irrespective of volume.

C
Varies as square of its volume.

D
Varies directly with its volume.

Solution

From ideal gas equation PV=nRT,

keeping n and T fixed,

P α 1/V. (Boyles Law)

Here, T = Temperature

P = Pressure

  α. = sign of Proportionality

V = Volume

       n= number of moles of gas

       R= Universal gas constant

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

States of Matter Test - 2

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States of Matter Test - 2

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Question 1

atoms, molecules and ions

solid, liquid and gas

solid, glasses and gases

solid, liquid and plasma

Solution

Question 2

intermolecular non bonding forces whereas physical properties depend on intermolecular bonding forces.

non bonding forces whereas physical properties depend on intermolecular bonding forces.

non bonding forces whereas physical properties depend on intermolecular bonding forces.

covalent bonding forces whereas physical properties depend on energy supplied.

intramolecular bonding forces whereas physical properties depend on intermolecular Non-bonding forces.

Solution

Question 3

an induced electrical dipole moment

an electron cloud that causes temporary dipoles

a permanent magnetic dipole moment

a permanent electrical dipole moment.

Solution

Question 4

In hydrogen bonding H atom becomes partially negative and is attracted to the more positive N atom.

In hydrogen bonding H atom becomes partially positive and is attracted to the more negative N atom.

In hydrogen bonding H atom becomes partially positive and is attracted to the more negative F atom.

In hydrogen bonding H atom becomes partially positive and is attracted to the more negative O atom.

Solution

Question 5

dipole-dipole attraction

dispersion force (or London force)

hydrogen bond

ion-dipole forces

Solution

Question 6

Pressure

Specific Heat

Absolute Temperature

Volume

Solution

Question 7

Balance between intermolecular forces and the intramolecular bonding energy of the molecules

Balance between Hydrogen bonding forces and the London forces.

Balance between intermolecular forces and the thermal energy of the molecules

Balance between vanderwaals forces and the London forces.

Solution

Question 8

Gases contain lower specific enthalpy than solids.

Thermal energy overcomes on the attractive intermolecular forces.

Gases do not have intermolecular forces that attract each molecule to another.

Distance between the molecules is small compared to solids.

Solution

Question 9

Varies inversely with its volume.

Is constant irrespective of volume.

Varies as square of its volume.

Varies directly with its volume.

Solution

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