Equilibrium Test

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Equilibrium Test - 20

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

For the reaction, $$H_2(g)+I_2(g)\rightleftharpoons 2HI(g)$$, the equilibrium constant $$K_p$$ changes with :

A
total pressure

B
catalyst

C
the amounts of $$H_2$$ and $$I_2$$ present

D
temperature

Solution

For the reaction, $$H_2(g)+I_2(g)\rightleftharpoons 2HI(g)$$, the number of moles of gaseous reactants is equal to the number of moles of gaseous products. The equilibrium constant $$K_p$$ is independent of (A) Total pressure
(B) Catalyst
(C) The amounts of $$H_2$$ and $$I_2$$ present
However, it changes with Temperature
Question 2
1 / -0

The equilibrium constant K for the reaction $$2HI(g)\rightleftharpoons H_2(g)+I_2(g)$$ at room temperature is $$2.85$$ and that at $$698K$$ is $$1.4\times 10^{-2}$$. This implies :

A
$$HI$$ is exothermic compound

B
$$HI$$ is very stable at room temperature

C
$$HI$$ is relatively less stable than $$H_2$$ and $$I_2$$

D
$$HI$$ is resonance stabilised

Solution

With the increase in temperature, K value decreases, which. means that at high temperature the reaction proceeds in a backward direction or proceeds forward at room temperature. In other word, at room temperature, HI dissociates or $$HI$$ is less stable than $$H_2$$ and $$I_2$$.
Question 3
1 / -0

According to le-Chatelier 's principle, adding heat to a solid and liquid in equilibrium will cause the :

A
Amount of solid to decrease

B
Amount of liquid to decrease

C
Temperature to rise

D
Temperature to fall

Solution

As the temperature is increased, solubility of solid in liquid increases and hence equilibrium shifts to the right and hence the amount of solid decreases.
$$Solid+aq\rightarrow Solution$$
Question 4
1 / -0

$$CaCO_3(s)\rightleftharpoons CaO(s)+CO_2(g)$$ in closed container at equilibrium. What would be the effect of addition of $$CaCO_3$$ on the equilibrium concentration of $$CO_2$$ :

A
Increases

B
Decreases

C
Data is not sufficient

D
Remains unaffected

Solution

$$CaCO_3(s)\rightleftharpoons CaO(s)+CO_2(g)$$
$$K_2=P_{CO_2}$$, therefore, $$K_c$$ Konly depends upon concentration of $$CO_2$$ as long as temperature remains contants and both $$CaCO_3$$ and CaO(s) are present.
Question 5
1 / -0

For a reaction $$A(g)\rightleftharpoons B(g)+C(g). K_p$$ at $$400^oC$$ is $$1.5\times 10^{-4}$$ and $$K_p$$ at $$600^oC$$ is $$6\times 10^{-3}$$. Which statement is incorrect?

A
The reaction is exothermic

B
Increase in temperature increases the formation of B.

C
Increase in pressure increases the formation of A.

D
Decrease in temperature and increase in pressure shift the equilibrium towards left.

Solution

$$A(g)\rightleftharpoons B(g)+C(g)$$
a. With increase of temperature $$K_p$$ increases, i.e., with increase of temperature, the reaction is favoured in forward direction and hence reaction is endothermic, Thus statement (a) is incorrect.
b. Increase of temperature favours forward reaction and hence the formation of B increases. Correct statement.
c. $$\Delta n=1+1-1=1$$
$$\Delta n=-ve$$, i.e., with the increase of pressure, reaction is favoured backward direction and hence the formation of A(g) increases. Correct statement.
d. As from the above statement in (i) and (iii), the reaction is favoured backward with decrease of temperature and increase of pressure. Correct statement.
Question 6
1 / -0

In the formation of nitric acid, $$N_2$$ and $$O_2$$ are made to combine. Thus, $$N_2+O_2\rightleftharpoons 2NO-Heat$$ which of the following condition will favour the formation of $$NO$$?

A
low temperature

B
high temperature

C
freezing point

D
all are favourable
Question 7
1 / -0

In which of the following reaction, the yield of the products does not increase by increase in the pressure?

A
$$N_2(g)+O_2(g)=2NO(g)$$

B
$$2SO_2(g)+O_2(g)=2SO_3(g)$$

C
$$N_2(g)+3H_2(g)=2NH_3(g)$$

D
$$PCl_3(g)+Cl_2(g)=PCl_5(g)$$

Solution

In which $$\Delta n=0$$
$$N_2(g)+O_2(g)=2NO(g)$$
so here, K doesnt change with P.
i. $$\Delta n=2-(1+1)=0$$
ii. $$\Delta n=2-(2+1)=-1$$
iii. $$\Delta n=2-(1+3)=-2$$
iv. $$\Delta n=1-(1+1)=-1$$
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following will not change the concentration of ammonia in the equilibrium?
$$N_2(g)+3H_2(g)\rightleftharpoons 2NH_3(g); \Delta H=-x kJ$$

A
increase of pressure

B
increase of temperature

C
decrease of volume

D
addition of catalyst

Solution

Effect of catalyst is only to alter the speed of the reaction, it does not effect the equilibrium constant and concentration of reactant or product.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following factors will favour the reverse reaction in a chemical equilibrium?

A
increase in concentration of one of the reactants

B
increase in concentration of one of the products

C
removal of one of the products regularly

D
none of these

Solution

$$A+B\rightleftharpoons C+D$$
According to Le ChateIier's principle, as the concentration of the products are increased, the reaction proceeds in the backward direction.
Question 10
1 / -0

Le Chatelier's principle is applicable to what equilibrium.

A
Physical equilibrium.

B
Chemical equilibrium.

C
Both equilibrium.

D
None of these

Solution

Le Chatelier's principle states that "if a system in equilibrium is subjected to a change of concentration, temperature or pressure, the equilibrium shifts in a direction so as to undo the effect of the change imposed."
So it will applicable to both equilibrium.

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Equilibrium Test - 20

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Equilibrium Test - 20

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Question 1

total pressure

catalyst

the amounts of $$H_2$$ and $$I_2$$ present

temperature

Solution

Question 2

$$HI$$ is exothermic compound

$$HI$$ is very stable at room temperature

$$HI$$ is relatively less stable than $$H_2$$ and $$I_2$$

$$HI$$ is resonance stabilised

Solution

Question 3

Amount of solid to decrease

Amount of liquid to decrease

Temperature to rise

Temperature to fall

Solution

Question 4

Increases

Decreases

Data is not sufficient

Remains unaffected

Solution

Question 5

The reaction is exothermic

Increase in temperature increases the formation of B.

Increase in pressure increases the formation of A.

Decrease in temperature and increase in pressure shift the equilibrium towards left.

Solution

Question 6

low temperature

high temperature

freezing point

all are favourable

Question 7

$$N_2(g)+O_2(g)=2NO(g)$$

$$2SO_2(g)+O_2(g)=2SO_3(g)$$

$$N_2(g)+3H_2(g)=2NH_3(g)$$

$$PCl_3(g)+Cl_2(g)=PCl_5(g)$$

Solution

Question 8

increase of pressure

increase of temperature

decrease of volume

addition of catalyst

Solution

Question 9

increase in concentration of one of the reactants

increase in concentration of one of the products

removal of one of the products regularly

none of these

Solution

Question 10

Physical equilibrium.

Chemical equilibrium.

Both equilibrium.

None of these

Solution

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