Water (Oceans) Test - 1

Submarine canyons can enhance marine productivity by promoting nutrient-rich upwelling, which supports diverse ecosystems and fisheries.

Salinity is the term used to define the total content of dissolved salts in sea water, typically expressed in parts per thousand (ppt) or ^o/_oo.

Salinity in ocean water typically decreases at the surface due to factors such as melting ice or freshwater input, then increases with depth, forming distinct layers of varying salinity known as haloclines.

About 71% of the planetary water is found in glaciers and ice caps, making it the largest reservoir of freshwater on Earth.

The variability of salinity in the Pacific Ocean is primarily influenced by factors such as river inflow, which can vary regionally and seasonally based on precipitation and geographical features.

Increasing salinity of seawater typically leads to an increase in density, as dissolved salts increase the mass of water without significantly changing its volume.

Enclosed seas in low latitudes typically record relatively higher temperatures than open seas, while enclosed seas in high latitudes tend to have lower temperatures compared to open seas.

The thermocline is the boundary region in the ocean where there is a rapid decrease in temperature with increasing depth, typically beginning around 100-400 meters below the sea surface.

The continental slope begins where the bottom of the continental shelf sharply drops off into a steep slope, indicating the end of the continents' landmasses.

The hydrological cycle refers to the continuous movement of water on, in, and above the Earth's surface, including processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff.