Thermodynamics Test

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Thermodynamics Test - 1

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Question 1
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Thermodynamic state of a system is an equilibrium state

A
if the macroscopic variables that characterize the system change randomly

B
if the macroscopic variables that characterize the system change decrease in time

C
if the macroscopic variables that characterize the system do not change in time

D
if the macroscopic variables that characterize the system change linearly in time

Solution

Explanation:

In thermodynamic equilibrium there are no net macroscopic flows of matter or of energy, either within a system or between systems.
Question 2
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In Thermodynamics Extensive variables depend

A
on the ‘pressure’ of the system

B
on the ‘size’ of the system

C
on the ‘entropy’ of the system

D
on the ‘temperature’ of the system

Solution

Explanation:

The variables which depend on the size or amount of the substance are called extensive variables.

Example: Mass, volume etc
Question 3
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For solids near room temperature the molar specific heat (R is the universal gas constant)

A
5R

B
3R

C
R

D
2R

Solution

Explanation:

The molar specific heats of solids also demonstrate a marked temperature dependence. Solids have molar specific heats that generally decrease in a nonlinear manner with decreasing temperature and approach zero as the temperature approaches absolute zero. At high temperatures (usually above 300 K), the molar specific heats approach the value of 3R ≈ 25 J/mol.K, a result known as the DuLong–Petit law.
Question 4
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First Law of Thermodynamics is

A
the general law of conservation of mass applied to any system in which the energy transfer from or to the surroundings is taken into account

B
the general law of conservation of energy applied to any system in which the energy transfer from or to the surroundings is taken into account

C
the general law of conservation of momentum applied to any system in which the energy transfer from or to the surroundings is taken into account

D
the general law of conservation of angular momentum applied to any system in which the energy transfer from or to the surroundings is taken into account

Solution

Explanation:

The first law of thermodynamics is the application of the conservation of energy principle to heat and thermodynamic processes:

ΔQ=ΔU+ΔW
Question 5
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Internal energy of a system is

A
a complex variable

B
a random variable

C
a state variable

D
a discrete variable

Solution

Explanation:

A state function describes the equilibrium state of a system. For example, internal energy, enthalpy, and entropy are state quantities because they describe quantitatively an equilibrium state of a thermodynamic system, irrespective of how the system arrived in that state.
Question 6
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Internal energy of a system

A
is the sum of the kinetic energies and potential energies of the molecules of the system

B
is the change in the sum of the kinetic energies and potential energies of the molecules of the system

C
is the difference of the kinetic energies and potential energies of the molecules of the system

D
is the change in the difference of the kinetic energies and potential energies of the molecules of the system

Solution

Explanation:

In thermodynamics, the internal energy of a system is the energy contained within the system. It is the energy in a system arising from the relative positions and interactions of its parts.
Question 7
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Diathermic wall is

A
a thermally conducting wall that allows flow of heat from one body to another

B
a thermally insulating wall that allows flow of heat from one body to another

C
a thermally conducting wall that does not allow flow of heat from one body to another

D
a thermally insulating wall that does not allow flow of heat from one body to many

Solution

Explanation:

A wall which prevents thermal interaction is known as adiabatic wall and a system enclosed within an adiabatic wall is called thermally isolated. If exchange of heat takes place between the system and surroundings through the boundary wall, the boundary is called diathermic wall.
Question 8
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Adiabatic wall is –

A
a thermally conducting wall that does not allow flow of heat from one body to many

B
a thermally insulating wall that does allows flow of heat from one body to another

C
a thermally insulating wall that does not allow flow of heat from one body to another

D
a thermally conducting wall that does not allow flow of heat from one body to another

Solution

Explanation:

In thermodynamics, an adiabatic wall between two thermodynamic systems does not allow heat or matter to pass across it. In theoretical investigations, it is sometimes assumed that one of the two systems is the surroundings of the other.

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Thermodynamics Test - 1

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Thermodynamics Test - 1

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Question 1

if the macroscopic variables that characterize the system change randomly

if the macroscopic variables that characterize the system change decrease in time

if the macroscopic variables that characterize the system do not change in time

if the macroscopic variables that characterize the system change linearly in time

Solution

Question 2

on the ‘pressure’ of the system

on the ‘size’ of the system

on the ‘entropy’ of the system

on the ‘temperature’ of the system

Solution

Question 3

5R

3R

R

2R

Solution

Question 4

the general law of conservation of mass applied to any system in which the energy transfer from or to the surroundings is taken into account

the general law of conservation of energy applied to any system in which the energy transfer from or to the surroundings is taken into account

the general law of conservation of momentum applied to any system in which the energy transfer from or to the surroundings is taken into account

the general law of conservation of angular momentum applied to any system in which the energy transfer from or to the surroundings is taken into account

Solution

Question 5

a complex variable

a random variable

a state variable

a discrete variable

Solution

Question 6

is the sum of the kinetic energies and potential energies of the molecules of the system

is the change in the sum of the kinetic energies and potential energies of the molecules of the system

is the difference of the kinetic energies and potential energies of the molecules of the system

is the change in the difference of the kinetic energies and potential energies of the molecules of the system

Solution

Question 7

a thermally conducting wall that allows flow of heat from one body to another

a thermally insulating wall that allows flow of heat from one body to another

a thermally conducting wall that does not allow flow of heat from one body to another

a thermally insulating wall that does not allow flow of heat from one body to many

Solution

Question 8

a thermally conducting wall that does not allow flow of heat from one body to many

a thermally insulating wall that does allows flow of heat from one body to another

a thermally insulating wall that does not allow flow of heat from one body to another

a thermally conducting wall that does not allow flow of heat from one body to another

Solution

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