Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test

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Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 65

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Question 1
1 / -0

Some foreign DNA fragment is attached to Cla I site of pBR322. This recombinant vector is used to transition Escherichia coli host cells. The cells subjected to transformation are plated on two different media one containing ampicillin and the other containing tetracycline. The transformed cells containing the recombinant vector

A
Will grow on both tetracycline containing and ampicillin containing media

B
Will not grow on either tetracycline containing or ampicillin containing media

C
Will grow on tetracycline but not on ampicillin containing medium

D
Will grow on ampicillin but not on tetracycline containing medium

Solution

pBR322 is a plasmid and was one of the first widely used E. coli cloning vectors. Plasmid pBR322 confers resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline. Since, the foreign DNA fragment is attached to Cla 1 site, the transformant will be observed on both the plates.
Question 2
1 / -0

DNA polymerase for industrial use in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is produced by

A
Trichoderma reesi

B
Bacillus litheniformis

C
Thermus aquaticus

D
Streptococcus pyogenes

Solution

PCR applications employ a heat-stable DNA polymerase, such as Taq polymerase (an enzyme originally isolated from the bacterium Thermus aquaticus). The enzyme extracted can withstand the high temperature required during PCR. This DNA polymerase enzymatically assembles a new DNA strand from DNA building-blocks, the nucleotides, by using single-stranded DNA as a template and DNA oligonucleotides (also called DNA primers), which are required for initiation of DNA synthesis. PCR methods use thermal cycling, i.e., alternately heating and cooling the PCR sample through a defined series of temperature steps.
Question 3
1 / -0

Identify the steps that are involved in PCR.
(A) Denaturation
(B) Annealing
(C) Extension
(D) Down stream processing

A
B, D, C

B
A, D, B

C
A, B, C

D
A, C, D
Solution
- PCR stands for a polymerase chain reaction. This is a technique used to amplify a given sample of DNA.
- In this the first step is to denature the DNA template by melting the hydrogen bonds and making it into a single strand at 94 degrees celsius.
- The second step involves the annealing step that involves joining the primers to the single-stranded DNA.
- Then this step is followed by the extension or elongation step that involves the extension of the DNA by the Taq polymerase by the addition of the nucleotides.
Hence, option C is correct.
Question 4
1 / -0

Study the following lists
List - I List II
A) RNA I) Cotton bollworms
B) ELISA II) Early detection of HIV
C) PCR III) Meloidegyne resistance
D) Cry I Ab IV) Antigen antibody interaction
V) Corn borer

A
A - III, B - IV, C - II, D- V

B
A - IV, B - III, C - I, D - V

C
A - II, B - III, C - V,D - IV

D
A - V, B -I, C - III, D - II

Solution

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are a significant problem in potato (Solanum tuberosum) production. There is no potato cultivar with Meloidogyne resistance. An RNA interference (RNAi) transgene is capable of silencing the Meloidogyne effector gene. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a common laboratory technique which is used to measure the concentration of an analyte (usually antibodies or antigens) in solution. The Early Detection HIV Test (HIV DNA PCR) is a blood test that looks for the DNA copy of the HIV virus in the blood. The Bt toxin is encoded by the cry gene. The cry I AC and cry II Ab control cotton bollworms, while the cry I Ab controls corn borer.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

The production of multiple copies of DNA can be done by
I. Autoradiography
II. Gel electrophoresis
III. PCR

A
II only

B
I and II

C
I and III

D
III only

E
I, II, and III
Solution
- Autoradiography includes labelling of biomolecules with radioactive material (radioactive thymine for DNA, radioactive uracil for RNA, and radioactive S for proteins) followed by localizing these radioactively labelled molecules by applying photosensitive emulsion on the surface of prepared slides.
- In gel electrophoresis, an electric field is applied to gel that makes the negatively charged DNA fragments move through a matrix of gel and thereby allows sorting of these fragments according to their size.
- PCR is a technique that amplifies the DNA sample in three steps namely denaturation of target DNA (thermal cycle to separate the DNA strands), annealing of primers to the ssDNA, and polymerization (extension of primer into complete DNA strand complementary to the template strand).
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Question 6
1 / -0

Restriction enzymes are used to cut

A
Single stranded RNA

B
Double stranded DNA

C
Single stranded DNA

D
Double stranded RNA

Solution

Restriction endonuclease is used to cut dsDNA at palindromic sequence. Restriction enzymes are DNA-cutting enzymes found in bacteria (and harvested from them for use). Because they cut within the molecule, they are often called restriction endonucleases.
So, the correct answer is 'Double stranded DNA'
Question 7
1 / -0

A technique utilized by a group of biologists to isolate an antifreeze gene found in cold water species of fish and introduce it into the genome of a different organism is called as ?

A
Cloning

B
Artificial selection

C
Selective breeding

D
Genetic engineering

E
Sexual recombination
Solution
Genetic engineering is the branch of science which deals with the modification of genes.
The desired genes are isolated from the host like the gene for antifreeze protein and are inserted into the vectors.
The vectors carry the foreign gene into the desired organism like the fish and then the gene gets introduced into the genome of fish, resulting in the production of the protein.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Question 8

1 / -0

Identify correct combinations.

List I	List II	List III
A) PCR	i) Specific base sequence	I) Taq polymerase
B) Downstream processing	ii) Inheritable gene	II) Ampicillin
C) Restriction endonuclease	iii) Amplification of DNA	III) EcoRI
D) Selectable marker	iv) Transformation and non-transformation v) Product separation and purification	IV) Quality control V) Ori

A- iii- I, B- v- IV, C- ii- V, D-i- III

A- ii- IV, B- iv- I, C- ii- V, D-iii- I

A- iii- I, B- v- IV, C- i- III, D-iv- II

A- iii- I, B- iv- I, C- i- III, D-ii- V

Solution

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is the process of amplification of the DNA. The enzyme Taq polymerase is the enzyme that is used to add the nucleotides to the copies of new DNA which are synthesized. The enzyme is stable at various temperatures and does not gets denatured when the PCR is carried out at different temperatures in different stages.
Downstream processing involves the various steps which are carried out to separate the product and then purify. This step is performed when the product is obtained in the crude form. These are the steps that are important with respect to quality control.
Restriction endonuclease is the enzymes that are used for the cleavage of the DNA at specific sites. There is a recognition site at which there is a specific base sequence that allows cleavage at the proper site. EcoRI is the restriction enzyme that is isolated from E.coli.
Selectable markers are the specific genes that are used to identify the transformants and the non-transformants after the process of recombination. The ampicillin gene is commonly used as a selectable marker.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Question 9
1 / -0

Given below is a sample of portion of DNA strand given the base sequence on the opposite strand. What is so special show in it?
5' - GAATTC ... 3'
3' - CTTAAG ... 5'

A
Mutation detected

B
Start codon at 5' end

C
Palindromic sequence of base pairs

D
Replication completed

Solution

Palindromic sequences are the one which is read same forward and backward. It is a nucleic acid sequence (DNA or RNA) which is read same from 5' to 3' on one strand and 5' to 3' on its complementary strand and hence can be cut easily.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following would not be a valid reason to use PCR?

A
Help in analyzing DNA of ancient remains of fossilized woolly mammoth

B
Help in analyzing the genome of a virus

C
Help in determining the DNA of a hair sample found at a crime scene

D
Help in transferring DNA from a plasmid containing GFP into E.coli

Solution

Majorly the PCR is used in analyzing and determining purposes only not the transferring purposes. For transferring purpose vectors are used. In analyzing and determining purposes, the sample is limited i.e. if the sample gets destroyed no analysis can be carried out which can be a big problem in the investigation cases. So to have extra copies of the sample it is first amplified by PCR.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

	List - I		List II
A)	RNA	I)	Cotton bollworms
B)	ELISA	II)	Early detection of HIV
C)	PCR	III)	Meloidegyne resistance
D)	Cry I Ab	IV)	Antigen antibody interaction
		V)	Corn borer

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 65

Result

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 65

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Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Will grow on both tetracycline containing and ampicillin containing media

Will not grow on either tetracycline containing or ampicillin containing media

Will grow on tetracycline but not on ampicillin containing medium

Will grow on ampicillin but not on tetracycline containing medium

Solution

Question 2

Trichoderma reesi

Bacillus litheniformis

Thermus aquaticus

Streptococcus pyogenes

Solution

Question 3

B, D, C

A, D, B

A, B, C

A, C, D

Solution

Question 4

A - III, B - IV, C - II, D- V

A - IV, B - III, C - I, D - V

A - II, B - III, C - V,D - IV

A - V, B -I, C - III, D - II

Solution

Question 5

II only

I and II

I and III

III only

I, II, and III

Solution

Question 6

Single stranded RNA

Double stranded DNA

Single stranded DNA

Double stranded RNA

Solution

Question 7

Cloning

Artificial selection

Selective breeding

Genetic engineering

Sexual recombination

Solution

Question 8

A- iii- I, B- v- IV, C- ii- V, D-i- III

A- ii- IV, B- iv- I, C- ii- V, D-iii- I

A- iii- I, B- v- IV, C- i- III, D-iv- II

A- iii- I, B- iv- I, C- i- III, D-ii- V

Solution

Question 9

Mutation detected

Start codon at 5' end

Palindromic sequence of base pairs

Replication completed

Solution

Question 10

Help in analyzing DNA of ancient remains of fossilized woolly mammoth

Help in analyzing the genome of a virus

Help in determining the DNA of a hair sample found at a crime scene

Help in transferring DNA from a plasmid containing GFP into E.coli

Solution

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