Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test

Result

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 69

Score
-
out of -
Rank
-
out of -

TIME Taken - -

SHARING IS CARING

If our Website helped you a little, then kindly spread our voice using Social Networks. Spread our word to your readers, friends, teachers, students & all those close ones who deserve to know what you know now.

Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The given flow chart depicts the steps to transfer a desirable gene of interest into a plant.Isolation of desirable gene using restriction endonucleases and gel electrophoresis.
Regeneration of plants from the transformed cells to get transgenic plants.
Identify the missing steps (A, B and C) with regard to following statements and select the correct option.(i) Joining of desirable gene to a suitable cloning vector using ligases to create a recombinant DNA molecule(ii) Selection of transformed cells(iii) Transferring the recombinant DNA molecules to the target cells

A
A - i

B - ii

C - iii

B
A - i

B - iii

C - ii

C
A - ii

B - iii

C - i

D
A - iii

B - i

C - ii
Solution
Steps to transfer a desirable gene of interest into a plant:
Isolation of desirable gene using restriction endonucleases and gel electrophoresis.
Joining of desirable gene to a suitable cloning vector using ligases to create a recombinant DNA molecule.
Transferring the recombinant DNA molecules to the target cells.
Screening of cells.
Transformation.
Selection of transformed cells.
Regeneration of plants from the transformed cells to get transgenic plants.
So, the correct option is 'Option B' .
Question 2
1 / -0

In a polymerase chain reaction after the denaturation step why the mixture needs to cool down to a lower temperature?

A
To permit specific annealing of the primers

B
To give a halt to the reaction mixture

C
To increase the activity of enzyme Taq polymerase

D
To obtain the multiple copies of the DNA

Solution

In a polymerase chain reaction, the denaturation step occurs at around ninety degree celsius temperature whereas the next step of annealing requires the temperature of 72 degree celsius. That's why there is a need to cool down a mixtures to a lower temperature to allow specific annealing of the primers.
So, the correct option is 'Option A' .
Question 3
1 / -0

Identify the figures (A) and (B) and select the correct option.

A
A - Sparged stirred-tank bioreactor, B- Simple stirred-tank bioreactor

B
A - Sparged stirred-tank bioreactor, B - Sparged stirred-tank bioreactor

C
A - Simple stirred-tank bioreactor, B- Sparged stirred-tank bioreactor

D
A- Simple stirred-tank bioreactor, B- Simple stirred-tank bioreactor

Solution

A stirred tank bioreactor is usually cylindrical or with a curved base to facilitate the mixing of the reactants. It facilitates the oxygen availability and also has an agitator system, foam control system, temperature control system, pH control system and an oxygen delivery system so that small volumes of the culture can be withdrawn periodically.
So, the correct option is 'Option C'.
Question 4
1 / -0

How many fragments will be generated if you digest a linear DNA molecule with a restriction enzyme having four recognition sites on the DNA?

A
3

B
6

C
5

D
4

Solution

If DNA is linear then the number of fragments generated is (N+1), where N= number of recognition sites or sequences.
Hence the number of fragments generated is 5 if we digest a linear DNA molecule with a restriction enzyme having four recognition sites on the DNA.
So, the correct option is 'Option C'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following steps should be performed by a person in order to visualise the bands of DNA fragments obtained from gel electrophoresis?

A
Exposure of DNA fragments to UV radiations

B
Staining with bromophenol blue followed by exposure to UV radiations

C
Staining with ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiations

D
Person can see the bands without staining

Solution

The bands of DNA fragments obtained from gel electrophoresis visualised only after staining the fragments with ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiations. You can see bright orange coloured bands of DNA after staining.
So, the correct option is 'Option C' .
Question 6
1 / -0

Primers are

A
Chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA

B
Chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are not complementary to the regions of DNA

C
Chemically synthesised, autonomously replicating circular DNA molecules

D
Specific sequences present on recombinant DNA

Solution

Primers are small, chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are complementary to the sequences, present at 3' end of the template DNA. They hybridise to the target DNA region, one to each strand of the double helix. These primers are oriented with their ends facing each other allowing synthesis of the DNA towards one another.
So, the correct answer is 'Chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA'.
Question 7
1 / -0

Study the following statements regarding recombinant DNA technology and select the incorrect ones
(i) Taq polymerase extends the primers using the nucleotides provided in the reaction
(ii) Antibiotic resistance genes are considered as desirable genes in recombinant DNA technology
(iii) DNA fragments are separated according to their charge only, in agarose gel electrophoresis
(iv) Transformation is a procedure through which a piece of DNA is integrated into the genome of a host bacterium
(v) To produce higher yields of the desired protein, host cells can be multiplied in a continuous culture
(vi) Downstream processing is one of the steps of polymerase chain reaction

A
(i), (iii) and (vi)

B
(i), (iii) and (v)

C
(ii), (iii) and (v)

D
(i), (iv) and (v)

Solution

Antibiotic resistance genes are selectable markers. Desirable genes are the ones which are introduced in the vector for getting desired protein product. In agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments are separated according to their charge and size. After the formation of the product in a bioreactors, it undergoes through some processes before a finished product is ready for marketing. The processes include separation and purification of products which are collectively called as downstream processing.

Question 8

1 / -0

Given figures represent the steps involved in polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Identify the steps A, B, C and D, and select the correct option.

	A	B	C	D
a	Denaturation at 94-96 degree C	Extension through Taq polymerase at 72 degree C	Repetition of denaturation and annealing	Annealing at 72 degree C
b	Denaturation at 94-96 degree C	Annealing at 40-60 degree C	Extension through Taq polymerase at 72 degree C	Repetition of denaturation and annealing
c	Denaturation at 40-60 degree C	Annealing at 72 degree C	Extension through Taq polymerase at 94-96 degree C	Repetition of denaturation and annealing
d	Extension through Taq polymerase at 72 degree C	Denaturation at 40 degree C	Annealing at 72 degree C	Repetition of denaturation and annealing

a

b

c

d

Solution

Polymerase chain reaction involves the steps:

Denaturation
Annealing
Extension
Amplification

So, the correct option is 'Option B ' .

Question 9

1 / -0

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

	Column I		Column II
A.	Exonucleases	(i)	Stable above $$90^oC$$
B.	Polynucleotide kinases	(ii)	Cleave the end of linear DNA
C.	Taq DNA polyrnerase	(iii)	Add phosphate to 5' OH end
D.	Terminal transferases	(iv)	add a number of nucleotides to 3' end of DNA or RNA
		(v)	Regulate the level of supercoiling of DNA molecule

A - (ii), B - (iii), C - (i), D - (iv)

A - (ii), B - (v), C - (i), D - (iii)

A - (ii), B - (iv), C - (i), D - (v)

A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (i), D - (ii)

Solution

Column I	Column II
A. Exonucleases	Exonucleases are enzymes that work by cleaving nucleotides one at a time from the end (exo) of a polynucleotide chain. A hydrolyzing reaction that breaks phosphodiester bonds at either the 3' or the 5' end occurs. Its close relative is the endonuclease, which cleaves phosphodiester bonds in the middle (endo) of a polynucleotide chain. Eukaryotes and prokaryotes have three types of exonucleases involved in the normal turnover of mRNA: 5' to 3' exonuclease (Xrn1), which is a dependent decapping protein; 3' to 5' exonuclease, an independent protein; and poly(A)-specific 3' to 5' exonuclease. So the correct option is 'cleave the end of linear DNA'.
B. Polynucleotide kinases	T4 polynucleotide kinase (Pnk), in addition to being an invaluable research tool, exemplifies a family of bifunctional enzymes with 5′-kinase and 3′-phosphatase activities that play key roles in RNA and DNA repair. T4 Pnk is a homotetramer composed of a C-terminal phosphatase domain and an N-terminal kinase domain. The 2.0 Å crystal structure of the isolated kinase domain highlights a tunnel-like active site through the heart of the enzyme, with an entrance on the 5′ OH acceptor side that can accommodate a single-stranded polynucleotide. The active site is composed of essential side chains that coordinate the β phosphate of the NTP donor and the 3′ phosphate of the 5′ OH acceptor, plus a putative general acid that activates the 5′ OH. So the correct option is 'polynucleotide kinases'.
C. Taq DNA polymerase	Taq polymerase is a thermostable DNA polymerase named after the thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus from which it was originally isolated. Its name is often abbreviated to Taq Pol or simply Taq. It is frequently used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a method for greatly amplifying the number of short segments of DNA. T. aquaticus is a bacterium that lives in hot springs and hydrothermal vents, and Taq polymerase was identified as an enzyme able to withstand the protein-denaturing conditions (high temperature) required during PCR. So the correct option is 'stable above 90$$^o$$ C'.
D. Terminal transferases	Terminal transferase (terminal nucleotidyl transferase) a DNA polymerase that is capable of catalyzing the addition of nucleotides to the 3′-END of a single-stranded segment of a DNA molecule. The enzyme does not require a template strand, unlike normal polymerases. For example, the enzyme can be used to add a tail of adenine residues (poly(A) tail) to the 3′ends of a cloning vector and a tail of thymine residues (poly(T) tail) to the 3′-ends of insert DNA When mixed, the adenines will anneal to the thymines by complementary base pairing to generate a recombinant vector for use in gene cloning. So the correct option is 'add a number of nucleotides to 3' end of DNA or RNA'.

Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following DNA sequences qualifies to be designated as a palindrome?

A
5' - GACCAG - 3' in one strand

B
3' - GACCAG - 5' in one strand

C
5' - GACGA.G - 3'

3' - CTGGTC - 5'

D
5' - AGCGCT - 3'

3' - TCGCGA - 5'

Solution

A palindromic sequence is a sequence made up of nucleic acids within double helix of DNA and/or RNA that is the same when read from 5’ to 3’ on one strand and 5’ to 3’ on the other, complementary, strand. It is also known as a palindrome or an inverted-reverse sequence. The pairing of nucleotides within the DNA double-helix is complementary which consist of Adenine (A) pairing with either Thymine (T) in DNA or Uracil (U) in RNA, while Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G). So if a sequence is palindromic, the nucleotide sequence of one strand would be the same as its reverse complementary strand. the restriction endonuclease, BamHI, binds to and cleaves at a specific cleavage site. When the complementary strand is read backwards, the sequence is 5’- GACCAG - 3’ which is identical to the first one, making it a palindromic sequence.
So the correct answer is ' 5' - GACCAG - 3' in one strand'.

User

Question Analysis

Correct -
Wrong -
Skipped -

My Perfomance

Score
-
out of -
Rank
-
out of -

Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 69

Result

Biotechnology Principles and Processes Test - 69

Score

-

Rank

-

SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

A - iB - iiC - iii

A - iB - iiiC - ii

A - iiB - iiiC - i

A - iiiB - iC - ii

Solution

Question 2

To permit specific annealing of the primers

To give a halt to the reaction mixture

To increase the activity of enzyme Taq polymerase

To obtain the multiple copies of the DNA

Solution

Question 3

A - Sparged stirred-tank bioreactor, B- Simple stirred-tank bioreactor

A - Sparged stirred-tank bioreactor, B - Sparged stirred-tank bioreactor

A - Simple stirred-tank bioreactor, B- Sparged stirred-tank bioreactor

A- Simple stirred-tank bioreactor, B- Simple stirred-tank bioreactor

Solution

Question 4

3

6

5

4

Solution

Question 5

Exposure of DNA fragments to UV radiations

Staining with bromophenol blue followed by exposure to UV radiations

Staining with ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiations

Person can see the bands without staining

Solution

Question 6

Chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA

Chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are not complementary to the regions of DNA

Chemically synthesised, autonomously replicating circular DNA molecules

Specific sequences present on recombinant DNA

Solution

Question 7

(i), (iii) and (vi)

(i), (iii) and (v)

(ii), (iii) and (v)

(i), (iv) and (v)

Solution

Question 8

a

b

c

d

Solution

Question 9

A - (ii), B - (iii), C - (i), D - (iv)

A - (ii), B - (v), C - (i), D - (iii)

A - (ii), B - (iv), C - (i), D - (v)

A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (i), D - (ii)

Solution

Question 10

5' - GACCAG - 3' in one strand

3' - GACCAG - 5' in one strand

5' - GACGA.G - 3'3' - CTGGTC - 5'

5' - AGCGCT - 3'3' - TCGCGA - 5'

Solution

User

Question Analysis

My Perfomance

Score

-

Rank

-

Results Announcement on: coming Monday

Stay Tuned: We’ll update you on your result via email or SMS.

A - i

B - ii

C - iii

A - i

B - iii

C - ii

A - ii

B - iii

C - i

A - iii

B - i

C - ii

5' - GACGA.G - 3'

3' - CTGGTC - 5'

5' - AGCGCT - 3'

3' - TCGCGA - 5'