Environmental Issues Test

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Environmental Issues Test - 71

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

It is said that Taj is getting destroyed due to

A
Flood in Yamuna river

B
Decomposition of marble as a result of high temperature

C
Air pollutant released from oil refinery of Mathura

D
All of the above

Solution

The Mathura Oil Refinery discharges, nearly 100 tonnes of carbon-monoxide, 60 tonnes of sulfur dioxide, 50 tonnes of hydrocarbons, 4 tonnes of oxides of nitrogen, 3 tonnes of sulfur trioxide, 2 tonnes of aerosols and 10 tonnes of particulates into the atmosphere everyday. Most of these gaseous pollutants will get converted into acids and travel towards Agra for most of the time and cause serious air pollution problems which result in slow but sure discolouration and decay of most of the historical monuments in the region.
Question 2
1 / -0

The common refrigerant chlorofluoro-methane (freon) and NO$$_2$$ is a serious pollutant because

A
It lowers atmospheric temperature.

B
It prevents cloud condensation.

C
It destroys haemoglobin.

D
It disrupts O$$_3$$ layer.

Solution

Pollution leads to the addition of harmful components in the environment which adversely affect the quality of the environment. Ultraviolet radiations are highly energetic radiations which may cause harmful mutagenic changes. The stratosphere present in the atmosphere contains ozone layer which absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation and protects us from several chronic diseases. There should be a balance between production and degradation of ozone in the stratosphere. The balance has been disrupted due to the enhancement of ozone degradation by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). CFCs are used as refrigerants. CFCs discharged in the lower part of atmosphere move upward and reach the stratosphere. In the stratosphere, UV rays act on them releasing Cl atoms. Cl degrades ozone releasing molecular oxygen. Cl atoms are not consumed in the reaction. Hence, whatever CFCs are added to the stratosphere, they have permanent and continuing effects on the ozone layer.
Question 3
1 / -0

Fourier predicted the green house effect and it was coined by

A
Fourier

B
Tanseley

C
Arrhenius

D
Odum

Solution

The burning of fossil fuels leads to increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Svante Arrhenius (1859-1927) was a Swedish scientist who was the first to claim in 1896 that fossil fuel combustion may eventually result in enhanced global warming. He proposed a relation between atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and temperature. He found that the average surface temperature of the earth is about $$15^0$$C because of the infrared absorption capacity of water vapour and carbon dioxide. This is called as the natural greenhouse effect.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 4
1 / -0

If forest cover is reduced to half, what is most likely to happen on a long term basis?

A
Tribals living in these areas will starve to death.

B
Domestic animals in these and joining areas will die due to lack of fodder.

C
Large biomes will become deserts.

D
Crop breeding programes will suffer due to a reduced ability of variety of germplasm.

Solution

If forest cover is reduced to half, it would adversely affect the inhabitants. In rural areas, a community of people lives in the forest as a part of their tradition. They are completely dependent on the forest for their basic needs. They worship the trees and consider it as their ancestral belongings. The dependent tribals on a particular forest will be harmed by the clearing of the forest.
Question 5
1 / -0

In which one of the following, the BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) of sewage (S), distillery effluent (DE), paper mill effluent (PE) and sugar mill effluent (SE) have been arranged in ascending order

A
SE < S < PE < DE

B
SE < PE < S < DE

C
PE < S < SE < DE

D
S < DE < PE < SE
Solution
- Degradation of organic matter by microbes requires oxygen.
- Degree of impurity of water due to organic matter is measured in terms of biochemical oxygen demand or BOD.
- It is the oxygen required for the microorganisms to completely metabolize organic wastes.
- BOD is maximum for the distilleries and sugar industry.
So, option D is correct.
Question 6
1 / -0

Step taken by the Government of India to control air pollution include :

A
Use of non-polluting Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) only as fuel by all buses and trucks

B
Compulsory mixing of 20% ethyl alcohol with petrol and 20% biodiesel with diesel

C
Compulsory PUC (Pollution Under Control) certification of petrol driven vehicles which tests for carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons

D
Permission to use only pure diesel with a maximum of 500 ppm sulphur as fuel for vehicles

Solution
Question 7
1 / -0

Ozonosphere occurs at height of

A
8-10 km. above poles

B
8-10 km. above equator

C
11-16 km above poles

D
11-16 km above equator

Solution
Question 8
1 / -0

One of the most dangerous radioactive pollutant to Homo sapiens is

A
Strontium - 90

B
Phosphorus - 32

C
Sulphur - 35

D
None of the above

Solution

Of the given options, strontium 90 is most dangerous. Strontium 90 causes bone cancer, blood cancer and tissue degeneration. Certain marine animals accumulate radioactive elements like strontium 90.
Question 9
1 / -0

A lake with an inflow of domestic sewage, rich in organic waste, may result in

A
Drying of the lake very soon due to algal bloom

B
An increased production of fish due to lot of nutrients

C
Death of fish due to lack of oxygen

D
Increased population of aquatic web organisms

Solution

Domestic sewage contains biodegradable organic matter, which is decomposed by bacteria and other micro-organisms. They multiply by using these organic substances as substrates. Micro-organisms involved in biodegradation of organic matter in the water body consume a lot of dissolved oxygen, and as a result, there is a sharp decline in dissolved oxygen. This causes mortality of fish and other aquatic creatures.
Question 10
1 / -0

The molecular action of ultra violet light is mainly reflected through

A
Photodynamic action

B
Destruction of hydrogen bonds between DNA strands

C
Formation of pyridine

D
Destruction of ester bonds

Solution

UV rays are highly injurious to living organisms since DNA and proteins of living organisms preferentially absorb UV rays, and its high energy breaks the chemical bonds of hydrogen within these molecules. UV-B damages DNA and mutation may occur. It causes ageing of the skin, damage to skin cells and various types of skin cancers.
So, the correct answer is option B.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Environmental Issues Test - 71

Result

Environmental Issues Test - 71

Score

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Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Flood in Yamuna river

Decomposition of marble as a result of high temperature

Air pollutant released from oil refinery of Mathura

All of the above

Solution

Question 2

It lowers atmospheric temperature.

It prevents cloud condensation.

It destroys haemoglobin.

It disrupts O$$_3$$ layer.

Solution

Question 3

Fourier

Tanseley

Arrhenius

Odum

Solution

Question 4

Tribals living in these areas will starve to death.

Domestic animals in these and joining areas will die due to lack of fodder.

Large biomes will become deserts.

Crop breeding programes will suffer due to a reduced ability of variety of germplasm.

Solution

Question 5

SE < S < PE < DE

SE < PE < S < DE

PE < S < SE < DE

S < DE < PE < SE

Solution

Question 6

Use of non-polluting Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) only as fuel by all buses and trucks

Compulsory mixing of 20% ethyl alcohol with petrol and 20% biodiesel with diesel

Compulsory PUC (Pollution Under Control) certification of petrol driven vehicles which tests for carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons

Permission to use only pure diesel with a maximum of 500 ppm sulphur as fuel for vehicles

Solution

Question 7

8-10 km. above poles

8-10 km. above equator

11-16 km above poles

11-16 km above equator

Solution

Question 8

Strontium - 90

Phosphorus - 32

Sulphur - 35

None of the above

Solution

Question 9

Drying of the lake very soon due to algal bloom

An increased production of fish due to lot of nutrients

Death of fish due to lack of oxygen

Increased population of aquatic web organisms

Solution

Question 10

Photodynamic action

Destruction of hydrogen bonds between DNA strands

Formation of pyridine

Destruction of ester bonds

Solution

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