Controlling Test - 47

Controlling is about ensuring that tasks are done in the organisation according to the plan and directed towards achieving the organisational goals. Thus, controlling is a pervasive force that drives the organizational mechanisms towards its goals. It is an ongoing process to keep checking the direction of progress of execution of the task towards reaching the goal.

Setting standard can be qualitative and quantitative or both. Quantitative standards are the bench marks that are laid in measurable terms. Thus, assigning a specific time schedule to execute a task is measurable making it a quantitative standard.

In the third step of the controlling function in an organization the actual are compared against the set standards. When such a comparison is made and there is a gap in terms of quantity and quality of work done such a gap is called deviation. If the actual performance is less than the set standard then it is called negative deviation.

The information of MIS comes from the boot internal and external source. MIS is normally found in manufacturing sector. A Management Information System can be defined as an information based system which is used for the decision -making purpose and for maintaining coordination in an organization. It helps to visualize the information of the organization.

According to Likert, democratic or participative leadership style is the ideal management system. In this style, the manager has complete confidence and trust in subordinates and allows them a direct equal participation in decision making. Subordinates also feel completely free to discuss things about the job with their superiors. 

Auditors sometimes perform additional tests to ensure that the computer systems control are working perfectly or not. If the controls appear to be weak there is no need to perform additional tests.

Projections and responses to queries are Information output characteristics associated with Executive Support System (ESS). Executive Support System is also known as Executive Information System. It helps to provide easy access to internal and external information relevant to organizational goals. It also supports decision-making needs.

 "It restricts coordination in action" is not important for the controlling function.

(a) Controlling ensures order and discipline by monitoring activities and ensuring compliance with organizational policies and procedures.

(c) Controlling helps in judging the accuracy of standards by comparing actual performance with predetermined standards and taking corrective actions if necessary.

(d) Controlling can improve employee motivation indirectly by providing feedback on performance, setting clear expectations, and recognizing achievements.

However, option (b) is not relevant to the controlling function. Controlling actually enhances coordination by providing feedback, identifying deviations, and ensuring corrective actions are taken to keep activities aligned with organizational goals.

No control over external factors and costly affair are the limitations of controlling.

The controlling function measures progress towards the organisational goals and brings to light the deviations, if any, and indicates corrective action. Hence, a control process is meaningless without pre-set goals.