Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Test - 5

This name reaction wurtz reaction.when 2 moles alkyl halide reacts with sodium then it is called wurtz reaction.

This reaction is free radical reaction and 30 free radical is most stable.

Vanderwall forces increases with increase in molecular mass and boiling point increases with vanderwall forces..

The main factor affecting the boiling point is the molecular weight, as can be pictured from the noble gases boiling point in the periodic table (the noble gases are those which have the weakest interactions due to their complete outer shell). But note that if you want to consider all the effects altogether, you must use Kelvins instead of Celsius. So going from 44°C to 88°C is not twice as much but a mere 14% increase.

The other factor affecting boiling point is the nature and strength of intermolecular interactions, usually in the order ionic > hydrogen bond > dipole-dipole > Van der Waals.

In the comparison of RF vs RBr boiling point, molecular weight is definitely in favor of higher boiling points for RBr, at least for small molecules. It is true that the C-F bond is much more ionized than C-Br so it will create stronger dipole-dipole interactions but not sufficiently to compensate for the effect of the mass increase.

AgCN is covalent in nature while KCN is ionic so KCN produces CN- in the solution.

CN- is an ambient nucleophile i.e. it can form bond from both C and N atoms. KCN is an ionic compound so both C and N sides are available for the formation of bond, but C-C bond is stronger than C-N bond so cynide is formed. AgCN is a covalent compound so only N side is available for CN to form bond and thus isocynide is formed

These all are covalent compounds hence are soluble in organic solvents.

This is normal substitution reaction.