Chemistry in Everyday Life Test

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Chemistry in Everyday Life Test - 48

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is not correct?

A
Some disinfectants can be used as antiseptic at low concentration.

B
Aspirin is analgesic and antipyretic.

C
Norethindrone is an antihistamine.

D
Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic.
Solution
Same substances can act as an antiseptic as well as a disinfectant by varying the concentration. For example, 0.2 per cent solution of phenol is an antiseptic while its one per cent solution is disinfectant.
Aspirin acts as both analgesic and Antipyretic.
Antihistamines interfere with the natural action of histamine by competing with histamine for binding sites of receptor where histamine exerts its effect. Synthetic drugs, brompheniramine (Dimetapp) and terfenadine (Seldane), act as antihistamines.
Norethindrone is an example of a synthetic progesterone derivative most widely used as an antifertility drug.
Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic.
Hence, option B is not a correct statement.
Question 2
1 / -0

Match the column I with column II and mark the appropriate choice.
Column I Column II
(A) Alitame (i) Antihistamine
(B) Iodoform (ii) Artificial sweetener
(C) Prontosil (iii) Antibacterial agent
(D) Terfenadine (iv) Antiseptic

A
(A) $$\rightarrow$$(i), (B) $$\rightarrow$$(ii), (C) $$\rightarrow$$(iv), (D) $$\rightarrow$$(iii)

B
(A) $$\rightarrow$$(ii), (B) $$\rightarrow$$(iv), (C) $$\rightarrow$$(iii), (D) $$\rightarrow$$(i)

C
(A) $$\rightarrow$$(iii), (B) $$\rightarrow$$(i), (C) $$\rightarrow$$(ii), (D) $$\rightarrow$$(iv)

D
(A) $$\rightarrow$$(iv), (B) $$\rightarrow$$(iii), (C) $$\rightarrow$$(i), (D) $$\rightarrow$$(ii)
Solution
- Antiseptics are applied to the living tissues such as wounds, cuts, ulcers and diseased skin surfaces. Iodoform is used as an antiseptic for wounds.
- Alitame is high potency Artificial sweetener, the control of sweetness of food is difficult while using it.
- Prontosil, also called sulfamidochrysoidine, trade name of the first synthetic drug used in the treatment of general bacterial infections in humans.It is an Antibacterial agent.
- Antihistamines interfere with the natural action of histamine by competing with histamine for binding sites of receptor where histamine exerts its effect.Synthetic drugs, brompheniramine (Dimetapp) and terfenadine (Seldane), act as antihistamines.
Question 3
1 / -0

Types of drugs that mimic the natural messenger by switching on the receptor are called ?

A
Antagonists

B
Chemical messengers

C
Receptors

D
Agonists

Solution

Agonist drug is that which activates certain receptors in brain.

Examples: oxycodone, methadone, hydrocodone, morphine, opium and others.
Question 4
1 / -0

Match the column I with column II and mark the appropriate choice.

Column I
Column II
(A) Ascorbic acid (i) Beri-beri
(B) Retinol (ii) Cracked lips
(C) Riboflavin (iii) Scurvy
(D) Thiamine (iv) Night blindness

A
(A) $$\rightarrow$$ (ii), (B) $$\rightarrow$$ (iii), (C) $$\rightarrow$$ (iv), (D) $$\rightarrow$$ (i)

B
(A) $$\rightarrow$$ (iii), (B) $$\rightarrow$$ (i), (C) $$\rightarrow$$ (ii), (D) $$\rightarrow$$ (iv)

C
(A) $$\rightarrow$$ (i), (B) $$\rightarrow$$ (ii), (C) $$\rightarrow$$ (iii), (D) $$\rightarrow$$ (iv)

D
(A) $$\rightarrow$$ (iii), (B) $$\rightarrow$$ (iv), (C) $$\rightarrow$$ (ii), (D) $$\rightarrow$$ (i)

Solution

Ascorbic acid : scurvy

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is used to prevent or treat low levels of vitamin C in people who do not get enough of the vitamin from their diets. Most people who eat a normal diet do not need extra ascorbic acid. Low levels of vitamin C can result in a condition called scurvy.

Retinol : night blindness

Retinol, also known as Vitamin A₁, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. As a supplement it is used to treat and prevent vitamin A deficiency, especially that which results in night blindness

Riboflavin : cracked lips

Riboflavin, or vitamin B-2, occurs in all of the food groups, but deficiencies can develop and result in symptoms that affect your mouth, eyes and skin.

Thiamine: beri-beri

Thiamine deficiency, or beriberi, refers to the lack of thiamine pyrophosphate, the active form of the vitamin known as thiamine (also spelled thiamin), or vitamin B-1.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following is not used as a food preservative?

A
Sodium salt of benzoic acid

B
Sodium salt of sorbic acid

C
Sodium salt of propanoic acid

D
Sodium salt of palmitic acid

Solution

Sodium benzoate is the most important food preservative. Sodium salts of few more acids which can be used as preservatives are sorbic acid and propanoic acid.
Palmitic acid is used to produce soaps, cosmetics, and industrial mold release agents. These applications use sodium palmitate (Sodium salt of palmitic acid), which is commonly obtained by the saponification of palm oil.
Therefore it is not used as food preservative
Hence, option D is correct.
Question 6
1 / -0

Name an artificial sweetener which is derivative of sucrose.

A
Saccharine

B
Sucrolose

C
Sucrobenzamide

D
Aspartame

Solution

Surolose is trichloro derivative of sucrose. Its appearance and taste are like sugar.
Question 7
1 / -0

An ester which is used as a medicine is:

A
ethyl acetate

B
methyl acetate

C
methyl salicylate

D
ethyl benzoate.

Solution

Methyl salicylate is commonly known as 'aspirin' and used as an analgesic.
Question 8
1 / -0

Identify the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts in the following non-ionic detergent present in liquid detergents and wetting agents.

A

B

C

D

Solution
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following is not a correct statement?

A
Transparent soaps are made by dissolving the soap in ethanol and then evaporating excess solvent.

B
Soaps that float in water are made by beating tiny air bubbles before their hardening.

C
Medicated soaps contain alcohol to prevent rapid drying.

D
Potassium soaps are soft to the skin than sodium soaps.

Solution

Shaving soaps contain glycerol to prevent rapid drying.
Question 10
1 / -0

The pair whose both species are used in antacid medicinal preparation is:

A
$$NaHCO_3$$ nad $$Mg(OH)_2$$

B
$$Na_2CO_3$$ and $$Ca(HCO_3)_2$$

C
$$Ca(HCO_3)_2$$ and $$Mg(OH)_2$$

D
$$Ca(OH)_2$$ and $$NaHCO_3$$
Solution
- An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion or an upset stomach.
- It is also used to relieve symptoms of extra gas such as belching, bloating, and feelings of pressure/discomfort in the stomach/gut. Aluminum and magnesium antacids work quickly to lower the acid in the stomach.
- Generally $$NaHCO_3$$ and $$Mg(OH)_2$$ are used in antacid medicinal preparation.