Solutions Test 46

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Solutions Test 46

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Question 1
1 / -0

A $$1.2$$% of solution of $$NaCl$$ is isotonic with $$7.2$$% of solution of glucose. Calculate the van't Hoff's factor of $$NaCl$$ solution.

A
$$2.36$$

B
$$1.50$$

C
$$1.95$$

D
$$1.00$$

Solution

The molar masses of NaCl and glucose are 58.5 g/mol and 180 g/mol respectively.
The expression for the osmotic pressure is as follows:
$$\pi =iCRT$$
Since the two solutions are isotonic, they have equal osmotic pressure.

$$\pi (NaCl)=\pi (glucose)$$

$$i_{NaCl}\times \dfrac{1.2}{58.5}=1\times \dfrac{7.2}{180}$$

$$i_{NaCl}=1.95$$
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following is an ideal solution

A
Water + ethanol

B
Chloroform + carbon tetrachloride

C
Benzene + toluene

D
Water + hydrochloric acid
Solution
- A solution of ethyl alcohol and water shows positive deviation from Raoult's law due to the presence of hydrogen bonding present in the ethyl alcohol solution and water molecules
- Chloroform + carbon tetrachloride show positive deviation from Raoult's law
- Water + HCl is a non-ideal solution showing negative deviations from Raoult's law.
- In a Benzene-toluene mixture, A-B interactions are almost equal to A-A and B-B interactions due to the very small difference in the two compounds, i.e., they differ just by one CH2 group. Hence, no deviation will occur from Raoult's law.
Question 3
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The experimental molecular weight of an electrolyte will always be less than its calculated value bacause the value of Van't Hoff factor "i " is

A
Less than 1

B
Greater than 1

C
Equivalent to one

D
Zero

Solution

The experimental molecular weight of an electrolyte will always be less than its calculated value bacause the value of i is greater than unity (i.e. i > 1), for dissociation.
Question 4
1 / -0

Van't Hoff factor i

A
$$ = \dfrac {Normal \,moleular \,mass}{Observed \,molecular \,mass}$$

B
$$ = \dfrac {Observed \,molecular \,mass}{Normal \,molecular \,mass}$$

C
Less than one in case of dissociation

D
More than one in case of association

Solution

The van 't Hoff factor is the ratio between the actual concentration of particles produced when the substance is dissolved and the concentration of a substance as calculated from its mass.

$$=\dfrac{\text{normal molecular mass}}{\text{observed molecular mass}}$$

Hence, the correct option is A.
Question 5
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Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice:

Assertion
Amalgam of mercury with sodium is an Assertion as: Amalgam of solid solutions.
Reason
Mercury is solvent and sodium is solute in the solution.

A
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

B
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

C
If assertion is true but reason is false.

D
If both assertion and reason are false.

Solution

Amalgam of mercury with sodium is an example of liquid in solid type solid solution. Here mercury (liquid metal) acts as solute and sodium as a solvent.
Question 6
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In three beakers labelled as (A), (B) and ($$0.100$$ mL of water. $$100 mL$$ of $$1 M$$ solution of glucose in water and $$100$$ mL of $$0.5$$ M solution of glucose in water are, taken respectively and kept at the same temperature.
Which of the following statement is correct?

A
Vapour pressure in all the three beakers is same

B
Vapour pressure of beakers B is highest

C
Vapour pressure of beakers C is highest

D
Vapour pressure of beakers B is lower than that of C and vapour pressure of beaker C is lower than that is A

Solution

Vapour pressure of a solution containing non-volatile solute Is less than that of the pure solvent. The decrease in vapour pressure depends upon the quantity of non-volatile solute present in it.

Hence, vapour pressure of $$A > C> B.$$
Question 7
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In which of the following solvents, KI has highest solubility?

A
$$C_6H_6(\in = 0)$$

B
$$(CH_3)_2CO(\in = 2)$$

C
$$CH_3OH(\in = 32)$$

D
$$CCl_4(\in = 0)$$

Solution

KI is an ionic compound. Hence, it will be most soluble in a polar solvent, which has a high value of dielectric constant.
Hence, $$CH_3OH$$ with the highest value of dielectric constant(32) among the given options will provide high solubility.
Question 8
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Which of the following is a property of an ideal solution?

A
It obeys Raoult's law

B
$$ \Delta \mathrm{H}_{\text {mixing }} =0$$

C
$$ \Delta V_{\text {mixing }}=0$$

D
All of these

Solution

A solution that obeys Raoult's law is known as the ideal solution.

The ideal solutions have two important properties. The enthalpy of mixing of the pure components to form the solution is zero and the volume of mixing is also zero, i.e. ΔmixH = 0 and ΔmixV = 0. It means that no heat is absorbed or evolved when the components are mixed.
Question 9
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Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice:

Assertion: The vapour pressure of an aqueous solution is less than 1.013 bar at 373.15 K.
Reason: Vapour pressure of water is 1.013 bar at 373.15K.

A
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

B
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion

C
If assertion is true but reason is false.

D
If both assertion and reason are false.

Solution
Question 10
1 / -0

On increasing temperature, vapour pressure of a substance

A
always increases.

B
decreases.

C
does not depend on temperature.

D
partially depends on temperature.

Solution

Generally a substance's vapour pressure increases as temperature increases and decreases as temperature decreases (i.e. vapour pressure is directly proportional to temperature).

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Solutions Test 46

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Solutions Test 46

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

$$2.36$$

$$1.50$$

$$1.95$$

$$1.00$$

Solution

Question 2

Water + ethanol

Chloroform + carbon tetrachloride

Benzene + toluene

Water + hydrochloric acid

Solution

Question 3

Less than 1

Greater than 1

Equivalent to one

Zero

Solution

Question 4

$$ = \dfrac {Normal \,moleular \,mass}{Observed \,molecular \,mass}$$

$$ = \dfrac {Observed \,molecular \,mass}{Normal \,molecular \,mass}$$

Less than one in case of dissociation

More than one in case of association

Solution

Question 5

If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

If assertion is true but reason is false.

If both assertion and reason are false.

Solution

Question 6

Vapour pressure in all the three beakers is same

Vapour pressure of beakers B is highest

Vapour pressure of beakers C is highest

Vapour pressure of beakers B is lower than that of C and vapour pressure of beaker C is lower than that is A

Solution

Question 7

$$C_6H_6(\in = 0)$$

$$(CH_3)_2CO(\in = 2)$$

$$CH_3OH(\in = 32)$$

$$CCl_4(\in = 0)$$

Solution

Question 8

It obeys Raoult's law

$$ \Delta \mathrm{H}_{\text {mixing }} =0$$

$$ \Delta V_{\text {mixing }}=0$$

All of these

Solution

Question 9

If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion

If assertion is true but reason is false.

If both assertion and reason are false.

Solution

Question 10

always increases.

decreases.

does not depend on temperature.

partially depends on temperature.

Solution

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