Land Resources and Agriculture Test - 2

The CPRs have traditionally been a source of economic sustenance of the rural poor and have played an important resource-supplementing role in the private-property-based farming system. They are also the main source of biomass fuel for the rural population. In India, CPRs include village pastures and grazing grounds, village forests and woodlots, protected and unclassed government forests, wastelands, common threshing grounds, watershed drainage, ponds and tanks, rivers, rivulets, water reservoirs, canals, and irrigation channels. 

There are human factors and physical factors that affects the use of land as a resource. Topography, climate, and soil type are the physical factors. Population density, technological capability, culture, and traditions are the human factors.

 The crop is subtropical in nature. A hard frost is injurious to it. It requires at least 210 frost-free days and 50 to 100 centimeters of rainfall for its growth. A light well-drained soil capable of retaining moisture is ideally suited for the cultivation of the crop.”

In states like Assam, West Bengal, and Odisha, three crops of paddy are grown in a year. These are Aus, Aman, and Boro. Aman, Aus, and Boro are three rice varieties:

Aman:

• This variety is sown in the rainy season i.e. July-August and harvested in winter.
• This variety of rice is mainly produced in India.

Aus:

• This variety of Rice is sown in summer along with the pre-monsoonal showers and harvested in autumn.
• The rice grown out of this variety is rough.

Boro:

• This variety of rice is sown in winter and harvested in summer.
• This rice is also called spring rice.

Dryland farming is frequently defined as crop production in areas with less than 500 mm of annual precipitation, but this definition omits a critical component of the equation, evaporation potential. Operatively, dryland farming is practiced where annual potential water evaporation exceeds annual precipitation. Major dry farming crops are millets such as Jawar, Bajra, Ragi, Oilseeds like Mustard, Rapeseed, and Pulse crops like Pigeon Pea, Gram, and Lentil. Sugarcane is a water-intensive crop and thus, cannot be grown in drier areas.

Current Fallow: This is the land which is left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year. Fallowing is a cultural practice adopted for giving the land rest. The land recoups the lost fertility through natural processes.

India lost One third irrigated land to Pakistan after partition.

Out of 70 million acres of irrigated/fertile land in the undivided country, 48 million remained with India, while the other 22 million acres fell into Pakistan's share. Due to the division of the fertile land between India and Pakistan, there was a deficiency in the production of food grains in the country.

Fiber crops are plants that are deliberately grown for the production of fiber for textiles (clothes), cordage (e.g., ropes), and filling (e.g., stuffing upholstery and mattresses). Cotton, jute, kenaf, industrial hemp, sun hemp, and flax are among the well-known fiber crops.

The highest producer of Jowar in India is Maharashtra which accounts for around 54 percent of the total production. Karnataka is the second largest producer of Jowar with 18.51 percent of the total production.

Baba Budan was a 17th-century Sufi, whose shrine is at Baba Budangiri, Chikkamagalur, Karnataka, India. He is known to have first introduced the coffee plant to India by bringing seven raw beans from the port of Mocha, Yemen while coming back from hajj in 1670.