Nuclei Test

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Nuclei Test - 20

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The rest energy involved in a mass of one atomic mass unit is _________ eV.

A
$$931$$ MeV

B
$$1.6$$ eV

C
$$9.3$$ MeV

D
$$9.1$$

Solution

931 MeV
The mass of 1 amu is equivalent to an energy of 931 MeV.
Question 2
1 / -0

Nuclear fusion occur in.

A
Atom bomb

B
Hydrogen bomb

C
Neutron bomb

D
None of these

Solution

Atom bomb
The fission bomb or atom bomb works on the principle that it takes energy to put together a nucleus with many protons and neutrons.
Question 3
1 / -0

When the nucleus of a radioactive element emits an alpha particle, the atomic number is decreased by

A
$$4$$

B
$$2$$

C
$$1$$

D
Zero

Solution

2
When an alpha particle is emitted from the nucleus the nucleus losses two protons and two neutrons. This means that the atomic number is decreased by 2.
Question 4
1 / -0

The difference between the mass of a nucleus and the total mass of the constituents is its.

A
packing fraction

B
Mass defect

C
Atomic mass

D
None

Solution

Mass defect
Mass defect is the amount by which the mass of an atomic nucleus differs from the sum of the masses of the consistuent particles, being the mass equivalent of the energy released in the formation of the nucleus. It is also the measure of binding energy of the nucleus.
Question 5
1 / -0

Binding energy of a nucleus is of the order of.

A
Electron volt (eV)

B
Kilo electron volt (KeV)

C
Mega electron volt (MeV)

D
A joule (J)

Solution

Atomic energies are of order of electron volts and kilo electron volts but binding energy of nucleus that is energy required to keep the nucleus together has very high magnitude. It is of the order of Mega electron volt.
Question 6
1 / -0

Q value for neutron decay is:

A
$$0.782\ MeV$$

B
$$0.782\ eV$$

C
$$78.2\ MeV$$

D
$$0$$

Solution

For neutron decay, some mass disappears as neutrons convert to a proton, electron and antineutrino.
$$Q=(m_n-m_p-m_{\bar{\nu}}-m_e)c^2$$$$=0.782MeV$$
Question 7
1 / -0

The correct equation of nuclear fusion reaction is

A
$$_{1}H^{1} + \,_{1}H^{1} \rightarrow H_{2}$$

B
$$_{1}H^{2} +\, _{1}H^{1} \rightarrow\, _{2}He^{4} +\, _{0}n^{1}$$

C
$$_{1}H^{2} +\, _{1}H^{2} \rightarrow\, _{2}He^{4} + energy$$

D
$$2H_{2} +\, 3H_{2} \rightarrow 5H_{2}$$

Solution

In nuclear fusion reactions, the heavy isotopes of Hydrogen take part like deuterium $$_1H^2$$ and tritium $$_1H^3$$ as they have extra neutron. Therefore, the reaction C is correct out of the given options.
Question 8
1 / -0

In beta decay, the typical Q value is approximately:

A
$$2\ MeV$$

B
$$1\ MeV$$

C
$$1\ eV$$

D
$$10\ MeV$$

Solution

The $$Q$$ value for a reaction is the amount of energy released by that reaction.
In beta decay, a typical $$Q$$ is around $$1\ MeV$$.
Question 9
1 / -0

The nuclei having same number of protons but different number of neutrons are called _________.

A
Isobars

B
$$\alpha$$-particles

C
Isotopes

D
$$\gamma$$-particles

Solution

Isotopes are each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties.
Question 10
1 / -0

If $$M_O$$ is the mass of an oxygen isotope $$_8O^{17}$$, $$M_p$$ and $$M_n$$ are the masses of a proton and a neutron, respectively, the nuclear binding energy of the isotope is

A
$$M_O c^2$$

B
$$(M_O - 17 M_n)c^2$$

C
$$(M_O - 8M_p)c^2$$

D
$$(8M_p + 9M_n - M_O)c^2$$

Solution

Nuclear binding energy of a nucleus is given by ,
$$B.E=\Delta mc^{2}=$$ (mass of nucleons-mass of nucleus)$$c^{2}$$
where $$\Delta m=$$ mass defect
Number of protons in $$_{8}O^{17}$$ , $$p=8$$
Number of neutrons in $$_{8}O^{17}$$ , $$n=17-8=9$$
Hence , binding energy of $$_{8}O^{17}$$ ,
$$B.E.=(8M_{p}+9M_{n}-M_{O})c^{2}$$

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Nuclei Test - 20

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Nuclei Test - 20

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Question 1

$$931$$ MeV

$$1.6$$ eV

$$9.3$$ MeV

$$9.1$$

Solution

Question 2

Atom bomb

Hydrogen bomb

Neutron bomb

None of these

Solution

Question 3

$$4$$

$$2$$

$$1$$

Zero

Solution

Question 4

packing fraction

Mass defect

Atomic mass

None

Solution

Question 5

Electron volt (eV)

Kilo electron volt (KeV)

Mega electron volt (MeV)

A joule (J)

Solution

Question 6

$$0.782\ MeV$$

$$0.782\ eV$$

$$78.2\ MeV$$

$$0$$

Solution

Question 7

$$_{1}H^{1} + \,_{1}H^{1} \rightarrow H_{2}$$

$$_{1}H^{2} +\, _{1}H^{1} \rightarrow\, _{2}He^{4} +\, _{0}n^{1}$$

$$_{1}H^{2} +\, _{1}H^{2} \rightarrow\, _{2}He^{4} + energy$$

$$2H_{2} +\, 3H_{2} \rightarrow 5H_{2}$$

Solution

Question 8

$$2\ MeV$$

$$1\ MeV$$

$$1\ eV$$

$$10\ MeV$$

Solution

Question 9

Isobars

$$\alpha$$-particles

Isotopes

$$\gamma$$-particles

Solution

Question 10

$$M_O c^2$$

$$(M_O - 17 M_n)c^2$$

$$(M_O - 8M_p)c^2$$

$$(8M_p + 9M_n - M_O)c^2$$

Solution

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