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Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits Test 48

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Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits Test 48
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    The material used in solar cells contains
    Solution
    The first-generation cells are known as the conventional, water based or traditional cells which are made up of crystalline silicon. And the materials like monocrystalline silicon and polysilicon are used in commercial predominant technology. So, silicon is used as the material in solar cells.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    When a diode is heavily doped the 
    Solution

    The value of reverse voltage at which this occurs is controlled by the amount ot doping of the diode. A heavily doped diode has a low Zener breakdown voltage, while a lightly doped diode has a high Zener breakdown voltage. At voltages above approximately 8V, the predominant mechanism is the avalanche breakdown.

  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The number of particles crossing unit area perpendicular to X-axis in unit time is given by $$ \dfrac { D\left( n_ 2-n_ 1 \right)  }{ \left( x_ 2-x_ 1 \right)  }  $$ where $$ n_1 and n_2 $$ are number of particle per unit volume respectively at and $$ x_2 $$ The dimension of the diffusion constant D are
    Solution
    $$\begin{array}{l} \left[ n \right] ={ \left[ L \right] ^{ -2 } }\times { \left[ T \right] ^{ -1 } } \\ \left[ { { n_{ 2 } }-{ n_{ 1 } } } \right] ={ \left[ L \right] ^{ -3 } } \\ \left[ { { x_{ 2 } }-{ x_{ 1 } } } \right] =\left[ L \right]  \\ \left[ n \right] =\left[ d \right] \times \left[ { { n_{ 2 } }-{ n_{ 1 } } } \right] /\left[ { { x_{ 2 } }-{ x_{ 1 } } } \right]  \\ put\, \, the\, \, above\, \, values\, \, in:- \\ { \left[ L \right] ^{ -2 } }\times { \left[ T \right] ^{ -1 } }=\left[ d \right] \times { \left[ L \right] ^{ -3 } }/\left[ L \right]  \\ \left[ d \right] ={ \left[ L \right] ^{ -2 } }\times { \left[ T \right] ^{ -1 } }\times \left[ L \right] /{ \left[ L \right] ^{ -3 } } \\ \left[ d \right] ={ \left[ L \right] ^{ 2+1+3 } }\times { \left[ T \right] ^{ -1 } } \\ \left[ d \right] ={ \left[ L \right] ^{ 2 } }\times { \left[ T \right] ^{ -1 } }=\left[ { { L^{ 2 } }{ T^{ -1 } } } \right]  \end{array}$$
    Hence,
    option $$(B)$$ is correct answer.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    A light emitting diode (LED) has a voltage drop of 2 V across it and passes a current of 10 mA. When it operates with a 6 V battery through a limiting resistor R, the value of R is 
    Solution

    Light emitting diode is a forward biased P-N junction which emits light.

    The voltage across it = 2 v

    Battery voltage = 6 v

    Hence total voltage in the circuit = V = 6 - 2 = 4 v

    since a LED has 0 resistance in the forward biased region, total resistance in the circuit

    = 0 + r = r

    current I = 10 mA = 10/1000 A = 0.01 A

    we know that,

    R = V/I

    => r = 4/0.01 = 400Ω

    Hence the value of the limiting resistor is 400Ω

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The mobility of hole in a semiconductor depend on
    Solution

    Semiconductor mobility depends on the impurity concentrations including donor and acceptor concentrations, defect concentration, temperature, and electron and hole concentrations. Mobility describes the relation between drift velocity of electrons or holes and an applied electric field in a solid.

  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    If potential $$V=100\pm0.5$$Volt and current $$I=10\pm0.2$$ amp are given to us, then what will be the value of resistance
    Solution

  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    For detecting intensity of light we use
    Solution

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    In PN-junction diode the reverse saturation current is $$10 ^ { - 5 }$$ amp at $$27 ^ { \circ } C$$. The forward current for a voltage of 0.2 volt is
    Solution
    The forward current $$\large i=\;{i_s}\left( {{e^{ev/kT}} - 1} \right)$$
    $$={10^{ - 5}}\left[ {{e^{\cfrac{{1.6 \times {{10}^{ - 19}} \times 0.2}}{{1.4 \times {{10}^{ - 23}} \times 300}} - 1}}} \right]$$
    $$ = {10^{ - 5}}\left[ {2038.6 - 1} \right] = 20.376 \times {10^{ - 3}}A$$
    Hence,
    option $$(C)$$ is correct answer.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Two identical p-n junction may be connected in series with a battery in three ways as shown in the, adjoining figure. The potential drop across the p-n junctions are equal in 

    Solution
    In case (i) and (ii) P is connected to positive terminal of supply and N is connected to negative terminal of supply  hence diode is forward biased it means diode is in conduction 
    N is connected to positive terminal of supply and P is connected to negative terminal of supply  hence diode is Reverse biased hence no conduction is seen
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The intrinsic charge carrier density in germanium crystal at $$ 300 K is 2.5 \times 10^{13} / cm^3 $$. density in an n-type germanium crystal at 300 K be $$ 5 \times 10^{16} /cm^3 $$,the hole density in this n-type crystal at 300 K would be 
    Solution
    $$\large \begin{array}{l} nP=n{ i^{ 2 } }\left[ { By\, \, Mass\, \, action\, \, law } \right]  \\ n=\frac { { 2.5\times 2.5\times { { 10 }^{ 26 } } } }{ { 5\times { { 10 }^{ 16 } } } }  \\ n=1.25\times { 10^{ 10 } }/c{ m^{ 3 } } \\ Hence, \\ option\, \, C\, \, is\, correct\, \, answer. \end{array}$$
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