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Alternating Current Test - 39

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Alternating Current Test - 39
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Two coils $$A$$ and $$B$$ are connected in series across a $$240\ \text{V}, 50\ \text{Hz}$$ supply. The resistance of $$A$$ is $$5\ \Omega$$ and the inductance of $$B$$ is $$0.02\ \text{H}$$. The power consumed is $$3\ \text{kW}$$ and the power factor is $$0.75$$. The impedence of the circuit is
    Solution
    Given :  $$E_v = 240 \ V$$,  $$\cos\phi = 0.75$$ and $$p = 3000 \ W$$
    Power consumed  $$P=\dfrac {E_v^2\cos \phi }{ Z } =3000$$
    where $$Z$$ is the impedence of the circuit.
    $$\therefore \dfrac { (240)^2(0.75)}{Z} = 3000 $$  
    $$ \Rightarrow Z=14.4\ \Omega $$
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    In a circuit inductance $$L$$ and capacitance $$C$$ are connected as shown in figure. $${A}_{1}$$ and $${A}_{2}$$ are ammeters.
    When key $$K$$ is pressed to complete the circuit, then just after closing key $$(K)$$, the readings of $${A}_{1}$$ and $${A}_{2}$$ will be

    Solution
    $$\text{Initially there is no D.C current in inductive circuit and maximum D.C}$$ 
    $$\text{current is in capacitive current. Hence, the current is zero in}$$
    $${A}_{2}\ \text{and maximum in}\ {A}_{1}$$
  • Question 3
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    When you join your new assignment, on the very first day your boss gives you an inductor and asks you to find its inductance. You are provided an AC voltmeter of high impedance, a resistor, a capacitor and an AC source of variable frequency. You recall from your physics class that if R, L and C are connected in series current is maximum at resonance. Since you are not provided an ammeter yon drop this idea. To measure inductance, however, on the advice of an experienced colleague you connect L, R and C in series with the AC source of variable frequency.

    ...view full instructions

    You apply $$\displaystyle f = \frac{1}{2\pi \sqrt{LC}}$$ to find L. Which frequency will you select?
    Solution
    Since resonant frequency, $$f=\dfrac { 1 }{ 2\pi \sqrt { LC }  } $$ is being applied, current from the variable AC source will be maximum when potential across resistor is maximum, because $${ V }_{ R }=iR$$ and $$R$$ is fixed. 
    Thus when $${ V }_{ R }$$ is maximum, we can measure the value of inductance without requiring an ammeter.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    In the circuit shown in fig., the resonant frequency is

    Solution
    The resonant frequecy of a circuit is given by f= $$\frac{1}{2\pi\sqrt{LC}}$$.
    Given L= 0.1H   C = 5$$\mu$$F   R = 5$$\Omega$$.
    Substituting them in formula for f gives
    f= 225.08 Hz.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    If resistance of $$100\Omega $$ and the inductance of $$0.5$$ henry and capacitance of $$10\times {10}^{6}$$ farad are connected  in series through $$50$$Hz A.C supp;y, then impedence is
    Solution
    $$z=\sqrt { { R }^{ 2 }+{ \left( \omega L-\cfrac { 1 }{ \omega C }  \right)  }^{ 2 } } $$
    Here $$R=100W, L=0.5 henry, C=10\times {10}^{6}farad$$$
    $$\omega=2p \pi=100\pi$$
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    An alternating voltage of $$220V,50Hz$$ frequency is applied across a capacitor of capacitance $$2\mu F$$. The impedence of the circuit is:
    Solution
    Impedence of a capacitor is $${X}_{C}=1/\omega C$$
    $${ X }_{ C }=\cfrac { 1 }{ 2\pi fC } =\cfrac { 1 }{ 2\pi \times 50\times 2\times { 10 }^{ -6 } } =\cfrac { 5000 }{ \pi  } $$
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    In the given circuit, the current drawn from the source is

    Solution
    $$\text{All the three are connected in parallel so voltage are same across them}$$
    $$X_L=10\Omega ,\quad X_c=20\Omega ,\quad R = 20\ \Omega ,\quad V= 100\ \text{volt}$$
    $$\text{Current in resistor }(i_1)= \dfrac { V }{ R } =\dfrac { 100 }{ 20 } =5\ \text{A}$$

    $$\text{Current in inductor  }({ i }_{ 2 })= j V  X_l  = j\dfrac {100}{10} = 10j\ \text{A}$$

    $$\text{current in capacitor  }(i _3) = -j\dfrac { V }{ X_C } = -j\dfrac { 100 }{ 20 } = -5j\ \text{A}$$

    $$\text{So, total current } i = i_1 + \left(i_2+i_3\right) j$$
    $$i = 5 + (10 -5)j = 5 + 5j$$
    $$\text{Therefore magnitude of current} = \sqrt {5^2+ 5^2} = 5\sqrt {2}\ \text{A}$$

  • Question 8
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    Directions For Questions

    Under certain conditions voltages as small as 10 V can be dangerous, and should not be regarded with anything but respect and caution.
    On the positive side, rapidly alternating currents can have beneficial effects. Alternating currents with frequencies of the order of $$10^6 Hz$$ do not interfere appreciably with nerve processes, and can be used for therapeutic heating for arthritic conditions, sinusitis, and a variety of other disorders. If one electrode is made very small, the resulting concentrated heating can be used for local destruction of tissue, such as tumors, or even for cutting tissue in certain surgical procedures.
    Study of particular nerve impulses is also an important diagnostic tool in medicine. The most familiar examples are electrocardiography (ECG) and electro encephalography (EEG). Electrocardiograms, obtained by attaching electrodes to the chest and back and recording the regularly varying potential differences, are used to study heart function. Similarly, electrodes attached to the scalp permit study of potentials in the brain and the resulting patterns can be helpful in diagnosing epilepsy, brain tumors, and other disorders.

    ...view full instructions

    The most stable frequency can be generated using
    Solution
    LC series, parallel and the RC phase shift oscillator circuits will always have some error in the frequency due to the inaccuracy in the measurement of the circuit elements. 
    The crystal will have the most reliable stable frequency generated.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    The current in an $$L-C-R$$ series circuit fed by an alternating voltage source $$V =V_0\sin \omega t$$ is given by
    $$\displaystyle i = \dfrac{V_0\sin (\omega t - \phi)}{\sqrt{R^2 + \left(L\omega - \displaystyle \dfrac{1}{C\omega}\right)^2}}.....................(1)$$

    where $$\displaystyle \tan\phi = \frac{\omega L- \dfrac{1}{\omega C}}{R} .....................................(2)$$

    $$\phi$$ is the phase difference between the current and the voltage. The average power delivered by the source to the circuit is given by the equation 

    $$\displaystyle P= \frac{1}{2} \frac{V_0^2 cos \phi}{|Z|}$$.........(3)

    Where |Z| is the impedance of the circuit given by the denominator of equation (1).

    ...view full instructions

    At resonance, the angle $$\phi$$ is
    Solution
    At resonance: $$L\omega=\dfrac{1}{C\omega} $$ by definition.
    therefore form the passage,
    $$\tan \phi = \dfrac{ L\omega - \dfrac{1}{C\omega} }{R} =0 \Rightarrow \phi = \tan^{-1}(0)=0 $$
  • Question 10
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    In a series LCR circuit with an ideal ac source of peak voltage $${E}_{0}=50V$$, frequency $$v=\cfrac{50}{\pi}$$ $$Hz$$ and $$R=300\Omega$$. The average electric field energy stored in the capacitor and average magnetic energy stored in the coil are $$25mJ$$ and $$5mJ$$ respectively. The value of RMS current in the circuit is $$0.1A$$. Then find:

    ...view full instructions

    Capacitance $$(C)$$ of the capacitor is
    Solution

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