Reaching the Age of Adolescence Test - 8

• Ovulation is the process of release of an ovum  from the ovary. It occurs in the middle of menstrual cycle which is associated with the pituitary hormones level. 
• In the middle of menstrual cycle secretion of LH (leutenizing hormone) becomes high it is called LH surge which induces rupturing of the mature follicle and causes the release of an ovum (ovulation).
• So, the correct answer is 'Leutenizing hormone'

Human females (XX) carry two copies of X chromosomes as sex chromosomes and hence, transmit only X chromosomes to both male and female offspring. But, a human male (XY) has one X and one Y chromosome as sex chromosomes. If the father transmits X chromosome to the child, sex of the child will be female (XX). While, if the child gets the Y chromosome from the father, it will be a male child (XY). Hence, the type of sex chromosome of father determines the sex of in humans.

Cleanliness should be maintained by the adolescents as due to active sweat glands and lack of personal hygiene, they can easily catch bacterial infections.
The correct option is A.

The adrenal glands secrete hormones which maintain the correct salt balance in the blood.

The correct option is A.  

• Human females carry two copies of X chromosomes as sex chromosomes and hence, transmit them to both male and female offspring. 
• But human male has one X and one Y chromosome as sex chromosomes. If the father transmits "X" to the child, the sex of the child will be female (XX) and a girl child will be born. While, if the child gets "Y" from the father, it will be a male offspring (XY). 
• Hence, the type of sex chromosome of the father determines the sex of child/offspring/progeny in humans.

• The female gamete or egg has only X chromosome as the sex chromosome.
• The male gametes or sperms can have either X or Y chromosome as the sex chromosome.
• Sex in humans is determined by the type of sperm that fuses with the female egg. 
• When the sperm with the X chromosome fuses with the egg, then the child will be female (XX).
  
• When the sperm with the Y chromosome fuses with the egg, then the child will be male (XY).
  
• Hence, we can say that the key factor for sex determination in humans is the Y chromosome. 

So, the correct answer is option A. 

Testosterone is the male hormone that promotes maleness. It is the hormone produced by testes. It helps in promoting spermatogenesis, the process of production of sperms. It also promotes secondary sexual characteristics such as body hair growth, muscular development.

Gametes of the mother (eggs) contain only X chromosomes while gametes of the father (sperms) contain 50% X  and 50% Y chromosomes. So, the child will have one X chromosome from the mother and another X or a Y chromosome from the father. Offspring with XX chromosomes will be a girl and the offspring with XY chromosomes will be a boy.

• At puberty, the voice box or the larynx begins to grow. 
• Boys develop larger voice boxes. The growing voice box in boys can be seen as a protruding part of the throat called Adam’s apple. 
• In girls, the larynx is hardly visible from the outside because of its small size.
• Generally, girls have a high-pitched voice, whereas boys have a deep voice.
• In adolescent boys, sometimes, the muscles of the growing voice box go out of control and the voice becomes hoarse. 
• This state may remain for a few days or weeks after which the voice becomes normal.

• The human male has 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes- XY.
• The human female has 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes - XX.
• So, the correct answer is option C.