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Microorganisms Friend And Foe Test - 19

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Microorganisms Friend And Foe Test - 19
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following microorganisms converts milk into curd?
    Solution
    Lactobacillus is a bacterium that converts milk into curd. It acts on the lactose part of the milk and turns it into lactic acid. The increased acidity leads to the coagulation of the casein protein of the milk and turns it into curd.
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following are commonly used as food preservatives?
    Solution
    Food preservatives are chemicals that are used to inhibit microbial growth in food. These chemicals are food additives and increase the shelf life of food. Sodium benzoate and sodium metabisulphite are the common food preservatives used in jams, jellies, etc. Thus the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Disease-causing microorganisms are killed or inhibited by medicines called 
    Solution
    An antibiotic is a chemical substance that inhibits the growth of bacteria. They hinder the reproductive cycle of the bacteria inside the body of the host.
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Which among the following control measures would not help preventing the spread of malaria?
    Solution
    Malaria is spread by the bite of mosquito as it the vectors for this disease. Mosquito breed in stagnant waters. Hence insecticides should be sprayed on stagnant water. 

    The surrounding should be kept clean and dry that minimizes the breeding grounds of mosquitoes such small stagnant water pools, gutters, etc. 

    The windows should be covered and netted to prevent mosquito entry into the house. They above are control measures to prevent the spread of malaria. 

    Thus the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Which of the following are called pathogens?
    Solution
    • Pathogens are life forms that transmit diseases which result in various illness in humans, animals, plants and other living creatures. Viruses, Bacteria, Fungi and Protozoans are pathogens responsible for various diseases.
    • Some pathogens and the disease caused:
    Bacteria - For example, cholera.
    Virus - For example, Hepatitis.
    Fungus - For example, Candidiasis.
    Protozoa - For example, Malaria.
    • Thus the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The first vaccination was discovered by:
    Solution
    Smallpox vaccine, the first successful vaccine to be developed, was introduced by Edward Jenner in 1796. He followed up his observation that milkmaids who had previously caught cowpox did not later catch smallpox by showing that inoculated cowpox protected against inoculated smallpox.
    So the correct option is C.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Pasteurised milk is
    Solution
    Pasteurization is the preservation technique of milk. It is used 
    1. To increase milk safety for the consumer by destroying disease-causing microorganisms (pathogens) that may be present in milk.
    2. To increase keeping the quality of milk products by destroying spoilage microorganisms and enzymes that contribute to the reduced quality and shelf life of milk.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    ............ is an infection spread by house fly.
    Solution

    Typhoid is a bacterial infection that can lead to a high fever, diarrhoea, and vomiting. It can be fatal. It is caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi. The infection is often passed on through contaminated food and drinking water. When the fly lands on a food item or surface, the disease-causing agent can get transmitted via the body hairs and legs.

    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Saccharomyces is commercially used in which of the following industry?
    Solution
    Saccharomyces is commercially used in baking and wine industry. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a species of yeast. It is perhaps the most useful yeast, having been instrumental in wine making, baking, and brewing. Another important use of this fungi is that it releases Vitamin B$$_{12}$$. 
    So, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Milk is changed into curd by
    Solution
    Fermentation is the process which is carried by anaerobic respiration of microorganism which leads to the production of lactic acid or alcohol with the release of carbon dioxide. Lactobacillus is a genus of bacteria, which can convert sugars into lactic acid by means of fermentation. Milk contains a sugar called as lactose, a disaccharide (compound sugar) made by the glycosidic bonding between glucose and galactose (monosaccharides). The bacteria convert the lactose into lactic acid, which imparts the sour taste to curd. Raw milk naturally contains Lactobacillus. 
    So, the correct answer is option D.
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