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Microorganisms Friend And Foe Test - 21

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Microorganisms Friend And Foe Test - 21
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Common fungus used in preparing the bread is ..........
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which among the following is an antibiotic?
    Solution
    Antibiotics are the chemicals that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria and are used to treat bacterial infections. They either prevent the bacterial cells from multiplying.
    Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug which hinders the reproductive pathway of the plant.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The human body is completely immune to which of the following diseases?
    Solution
    Smallpox is an ancient disease caused by the variola virus. Early symptoms include high fever and fatigue. The virus then produces a characteristic rash, particularly on the face, arms and legs. The resulting spots become filled with clear fluid and later, pus, and then form a crust, which eventually dries up and falls off. Smallpox was fatal in up to 30% of cases. There is a vaccine against smallpox that was a key tool in the eradication of the disease. This vaccine does not contain the variola virus which causes smallpox, but a closely related virus called vaccinia. When this vaccine is given to humans, it protects them against smallpox. 
    So the correct option is 'small pox'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    How spraying oil on stagnant water controls the mosquito population?
    Solution
    Stagnant water is the breeding ground for mosquitoes. If oil is sprayed on stagnant water, it will form a thin layer of oil on the surface. The mosquito larvae in the water will not be able to breathe and they will die.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Food spoilage can be prevented by:
    Solution
    • When the food is not edible to humans or its quality of edibility becomes reduced is called food spoilage.
    • Various external factors are responsible for the spoilage of food.
    • Several methods of prevention can be used that can either totally prevent, delay, or otherwise reduce food spoilage such as the addition of chemical preservatives, refrigeration, freezing, heating/ boiling of foods above the danger zone (140$$^{\circ}$$F/60$$^{\circ}$$C) for over 24 hours and canning of food can preserve food for a particularly long period. 
    • Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Milk can be preserved by __________________.
    Solution
    Pasteurization is the process of heating the milk to a temperature of about 70-71 ºC for 15-30 seconds and then suddenly cooled to a temperature of about 4ºC. By doing so, the growth of microbes can be prevented and the milk becomes safe for consumption.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following are disease causing pathogens?
    Solution
    • Pathogens are life forms that transmit diseases which result in various illness in humans, animals, plants and other living creatures. Viruses, Bacteria, Fungi and Protozoans are pathogens responsible for various diseases. 
    • Thus, Option D is correct.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    In order to prevent spreading of a communicable disease like cholera it is necessary to
    Solution
    It's important to educate people to boil the water before drinking to prevent cholera as it is a disease caused by drinking contaminated water due to a bacteria present in the water called Vibrio cholera.
    So the correct option is B.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Antibiotics are mostly obtained from:
    Solution
    Antibiotics are the chemicals that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria and are used to treat bacterial infections. They either prevent the bacterial cells from multiplying, so that the bacterial population remains the same, allowing the host's defense mechanism to fight the infection or kill the bacteria, e.g., stopping the mechanism responsible for building their cell walls.
    So, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Nitrogen fixation means:
    Solution
    Nitrogen fixation is a process in which nitrogen(N2) in the atmosphere is converted into ammonia (NH3) and useful compounds. Atmospheric nitrogen or molecular dinitrogen (N2) is relatively inert: it does not easily react with other chemicals to form new compounds.
    So the answer is D.
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