Microorganisms Friend And Foe Test

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Microorganisms Friend And Foe Test - 31

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following is not a fungus?

A
Mould

B
Yeast

C
Rhizobium

D
Mushroom

Solution

Out of the given options, Rhizobium is not a fungus, but a bacterium, which help in nitrogen fixation for leguminous plants.
The rest, mould, yeast and mushroom are fungi.
The correct option is C.
Question 2
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Nitrogen-fixing bacteria like Rhizobium live in the root ________ of the leguminous plants.

A
hair

B
tip

C
nodules

D
None of the above.

Solution

Bacteria like Rhizobium live in the root nodules of leguminous plants and help in nitrogen fixation by forming a symbiotic relationship with the plant.
The correct option is C.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following unicellular organism can make people sick?

A
Bacteria

B
Earthworm

C
Frog

D
Rose
Solution
- Bacteria or germs are unicellular organisms that make people sick. Cholera, jaundice, anthrax, etc are caused by bacterial infections.
- While earthworms, frog and rose are multicellular organisms and are harmless.
Thus, option A is correct.
Question 4
1 / -0

________ are disease-causing organisms that are so small you need a microscope to see them.

A
Pathogens

B
Humans

C
Insects

D
Both A and C

Solution

A pathogen is an organism that can produce disease. It is also referred to as an infectious agent or a germ. These include infectious microorganisms such as a virus, bacterium, protozoan, or fungus, which can be observed only under a microscope.
Thus, option A is correct.
Question 5
1 / -0

________ can be passed to a person from another person, animal or object.

A
Communicable diseases

B
Non- communicable diseases

C
Deficiency diseases

D
Genetic diseases

Solution

Communicable diseases can be passed to a person from another person, animal or object. Example- Viral fever, cholera and malaria.
Thus, option A is correct.
Question 6
1 / -0

Pathogens like to attack humans because of the following reasons?

A
Shelter

B
Food source

C
Place to multiply

D
All of the above

Solution

Pathogens are disease-causing organisms that attack humans (host) for shelter, food source, and for multiplying in their body and as a result spread the disease. Pathogen lives as endoparasite as well as ectoparasite, the food source is the cell of the host and the stored material. The pathogen undergoes asexual reproduction thus multiply vastly in a short period of time.
So, option D is correct.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following causes leaf rust of wheat?

A
A bacterium

B
A fungus

C
A virus

D
A protozoan

Solution

Leaf rust of wheat is a fungal disease. Rust fungi are plant pathogens. They affect the stem, leaves, and grains of wheat, barley, and rye. On getting infected, dusty, reddish-orange, or reddish-brown lesions appear on the surface of leaves and stem, giving a rust-like appearance.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 8
1 / -0

What are antibiotics?

A
Medicines used against AIDS.

B
Medicines used to kill or stop the growth of harmful or disease-causing microbes in the human body.

C
Medicines used against viral infection.

D
Medicines used against malaria.
Solution
Correct option - B
Explanation for correct option -
In 1929, Alexander Flemming discovered the first antibiotic, penicillin.
Antibiotics such as streptomycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, etc. are commonly used drugs.
Antibiotics are medicines used to kill or stop the growth of harmful disease-causing microbes in the body.
They could be in the form of pills, capsules, or liquid. They work by killing the harmful microbes or they stop their spread.
Question 9
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Several microorganisms cause diseases in plants and reduce yield. Which of the following plant diseases is incorrectly matched with its causal microorganism?

A
Citrus canker - Bacteria

B
Tobacco mosaic - Virus

C
Rust of wheat - Fungi

D
Yellow vein mosaic of bhindi - Bacteria

Solution

The causal agent for yellow vein mosaic of bhindi is the single-stranded DNA Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus (BYVMV), which is associated with a $$\beta$$-satellite, both of which are required for infection. BYVMV belongs to the genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 10
1 / -0

Match the items in column I with their preservation methods in column II and choose the correct option from the codes given below.
Column I Column II
(a) Amla (i) Sodium benzoate
(b) Vegetables (ii) Drying
(c) Squashes (iii) Cooling
(d) Spices (iv) Oil and vinegar
(e) Ketchups (v) Sugar
(vi) Salts

A
(a)- (i), (b)- (ii), (c)- (iii), (d)- (iv), (e)- (v)

B
(a)- (vi), (b)- (iv), (c)- (v), (d)- (ii), (e)- (i)

C
(a)- (ii), (b)- (i), (c)- (v), (d)- (vi), (e)- (iv)

D
(a)- (iv), (b)- (iii), (c)- (i), (d)- (vi), (e)- (ii)

Solution

Amla is a seasonal fruit, so we can preserve amla for 6 months in salt. Typical pickling agents, including brine (high in salt), vinegar, alcohol, and vegetable oil, are added to preserve vegetables. When making squashes, we make use of acetic acid and a lot of sugar for preservation. Air-drying is a method to preserve herbs and spices. Boric acid, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate are used as preservatives to preserve ketchup. All of these methods help in stopping the growth of microbes.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Column I	Column II
(a) Amla	(i) Sodium benzoate
(b) Vegetables	(ii) Drying
(c) Squashes	(iii) Cooling
(d) Spices	(iv) Oil and vinegar
(e) Ketchups	(v) Sugar
	(vi) Salts

Microorganisms Friend And Foe Test - 31

Result

Microorganisms Friend And Foe Test - 31

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Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Mould

Yeast

Rhizobium

Mushroom

Solution

Question 2

hair

tip

nodules

None of the above.

Solution

Question 3

Bacteria

Earthworm

Frog

Rose

Solution

Question 4

Pathogens

Humans

Insects

Both A and C

Solution

Question 5

Communicable diseases

Non- communicable diseases

Deficiency diseases

Genetic diseases

Solution

Question 6

Shelter

Food source

Place to multiply

All of the above

Solution

Question 7

A bacterium

A fungus

A virus

A protozoan

Solution

Question 8

Medicines used against AIDS.

Medicines used to kill or stop the growth of harmful or disease-causing microbes in the human body.

Medicines used against viral infection.

Medicines used against malaria.

Solution

Question 9

Citrus canker - Bacteria

Tobacco mosaic - Virus

Rust of wheat - Fungi

Yellow vein mosaic of bhindi - Bacteria

Solution

Question 10

(a)- (i), (b)- (ii), (c)- (iii), (d)- (iv), (e)- (v)

(a)- (vi), (b)- (iv), (c)- (v), (d)- (ii), (e)- (i)

(a)- (ii), (b)- (i), (c)- (v), (d)- (vi), (e)- (iv)

(a)- (iv), (b)- (iii), (c)- (i), (d)- (vi), (e)- (ii)

Solution

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