Microorganisms Friend And Foe Test - 5

Common salt has been used to preserve meat and fish for ages. Jams, jellies and squashes are preserved by sugar. Use of oil and vinegar prevents spoilage of pickles because bacteria cannot live in such an environment.

Sodium benzoate and sodium metabisulphite are common preservatives and not sodium benzene. These are also used in the jams and squashes to check their spoilage.

These days a number of antibiotics are being produced from bacteria and fungi. But not all.

Fungi are decomposers that degrade organic waste compounds into simple substances, ready for reuse by plants.

The milk is heated to about 70°C for 15 to 30 seconds and then suddenly chilled and stored. By doing so, it prevents the growth of microbes. It is called pasteurization.

The Lactic Acid Bacteria (e.g. Lactobacillus) converts Milk Sugar Lactose into Lactic Acid which helps in curdling of milk.

Citrus Canker is a Bacterial disease of Citrus fruits which spreads through Air.

Medicines used to kill or stop the growth of the disease-causing microorganisms are called Antibiotic. E.g. Streptomycin, Penicillin, etc.

During Fermentation, the Yeast breaks down the glucose to form Pyruvate that under anaerobic conditions turns into Ethanol and CO_2.

Edward Jenner discovered the vaccine for smallpox in 1798. Fermentation was discovered by Pasteur in 1857. Malaria is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquito while Dengue fever is caused by Dengue Virus transmitted by female Aedes mosquito.