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  • Question 1
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    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]This passage is adapted from Ed Yong : Turtles Use the Earth's Magnetic Field as Global GPS." 2011 by Kalmbach Publishing Co.[/passage-header]
    64308In 1996, a loggerhead turtle called Adelita swam across 9,000 miles from Mexico to Japan, crossing the entire Pacific on her way.15272 Wallace J. Nichols97138 tracked this epic journey with a satellite tag. But Adelita herself had no such technology at her disposal. How did she steer route two oceans to find her destination?

    Nathan Putman has the answer. By testing hatchling turtles in a special tank, he has found that they can use the Earth's magnetic field as their own Global Positioning System (GPS). By sensing the field, they can work out both their latitude and longitude and head in the right direction.

    Putman works in the lab of Ken Lohmann, who has been studying the magnetic abilities of loggerheads for over 20 years. In his lab at the University of North Carolina, Lohmann places hatchlings in a large water tank surrounded by a large grid of electromagnetic coils. In 1991, he found that the babies started in the opposite direction if he used the coils to reverse the direction of the magnetic field around them. They could use the field as a compass to get their bearing.

    Later, Lohmann showed that they can also use the magnetic field to work out their position. For them, this is literally a matter of life or death. Hatchlings born off the seacoast of Florida spend their early lives in the North Atlantic gyre, a warm current that circles between North America and Africa. If they're swept towards the cold waters outside the gyre, they die. Their magnetic sense keeps them safe.

    87584Using his coil-surrounded tank, Lohmann could mimic the magnetic field at different parts of the Earth's surface.62829 If he simulated the field at the northern edge of the gyre, the hatchlings swam southwards. If he simulated the field at the gyre's southern edge, the turtles swam west-northwest. These experiments showed that the turtles can use their magnetic sense to work out their latitude--their position on a north-south axis. Now, Putman has shown that they can also determine their longitude--their position on an east-west axis.

    He tweaked his magnetic tanks to simulate the fields in two positions with the same latitude at opposite ends of the Atlantic. If the field simulated the west Atlantic near Puerto Rico, the turtles swam northeast. If the field matched that on the eastern Atlantic near the Cape Verde Islands, the turtles swam southwest. In the wild, both headings would keep them within the safe, warm embrace of the North Atlantic Gyre.

    Before now, we knew that several animal migrants, from91333 loggerheads to reed warblers to sparrows, had some way of working out longitude, but no one knew how. By keeping the turtles in the same conditions, with only the magnetic fields around them changing, Putman clearly showed that they can use these fields to find their way. 33513In the wild, they might well also use other landmarks like the position of the sea, sun and stars.75442

    Putman thinks that the turtles work out their position using two features of the Earth's magnetic field that change over its surface. They can sense the field's inclination or the angle at which it dips towards the surface. At the poles, this angle is roughly 90 degrees and at the equator, it's roughly zero degrees. They can also sense its intensity, which is strongest near the poles and weakest near the Equator. Different parts of the world have unique combinations of these two variables. 67255Neither corresponds directly to either latitude or longitude, but together, they provide a "magnetic signature" that tells the turtle where it is.52988

    The orientation of hatchling loggerheads tested in a magnetic field that simulates a position at the west side of the Atlantic near Puerto Rico (left) and a position at the east side of the Atlantic near the Cape Verde Islands (right). The arrow in each circle indicates the mean direction that the group of hatchlings swam. Data are plotted relative to geographic north (N=0o)(N=0o).

    ...view full instructions

    The passage most strongly suggests that Adelita used which of the following to navigate her 9,000-mile journey?

  • Question 2
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    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]This passage is adapted from Richard Florida, The Great Reset. 2010 by Richard Florida.[/passage-header]
    In today's idea-driven economy, the cost of time is what really matters. With the constant pressure to innovate, it makes little sense to waste countless collective hours commuting. So, the most efficient and productive regions are those in which people are thinking and working-not sitting in traffic.
    The auto-dependent transportation system has reached its limit in most major cities and mega-regions. Commuting by car is among the least efficient of all our activities-not to mention among the least enjoyable, according to detailed research by the Nobel Prize-winning economist Daniel Kahneman and his colleagues. Though one might think that the economic crisis beginning in 2007 would have reduced traffic (high unemployment means fewer workers travelling to and from work), the opposite has been true. Average commutes have lengthened, and congestion has gotten worse if anything. The average commute rose in 2008 to 25.5 minutes, "erasing years of decreases to stand at the level of 2000, as people had to leave home earlier in the morning to pick up friends for their ride to work or to catch a bus or subway train," according to the U.S. Census Bureau, which collects the figures. And those are average figures. Commutes are far longer in the big West Coast cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco and the East Coast cities of New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington, D.C. In many of these cities, gridlock has become the norm, not just at rush hour but all day, every day.

    The costs are astounding. In Los Angeles, congestion eats up more than 485 million working hours a year; that's seventy hours, or nearly two weeks, of full-time work per commuter. In D.C., the time cost of congestion is sixty-two hours per worker per year. In New York, it is forty-four hours. Average it out, and the time cost across America's thirteen biggest city-regions is fifty-one hours per worker per year. Across the country, commuting wastes 4.2 billion hours of work time annually-nearly a full workweek for every commuter. The overall cost to the U.S. economy is nearly $90 billion when lost productivity and wasted fuel are taken into account. At the Martin Prosperity Institute, we calculate that every minute shaved off America's commuting time is worth $19.5 billion in value added to the economy. The numbers add up fast: five minutes is worth $97.7 billion; ten minutes, $195 billion; fifteen minutes, $292 billion.

    It's ironic that so many people still believe the main remedy for traffic congestion is to build more roads and highways, which of course only makes the problem worse. New roads generate higher levels of "induced traffic," that is new roads just invite drivers to drive more and lure people who take mass transit back to their cars. Eventually, we end up with more clogged roads rather than a long-term improvement in traffic flow.

    The coming decades will likely see more 84613intense clustering of jobs, innovation, and productivity in a smaller number of bigger cities and city-regions. Some regions could end up bloated beyond the capacity of their infrastructure, while others struggle, their promise stymied by inadequate human or other resources.

    ...view full instructions

    The passage most strongly suggests that researches at the Martin Prosperity Institute share which assumption?

  • Question 3
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    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]Read the poem and answer the question that follows:
    "The Mower to the Glowworms"
    [/passage-header]Ye living lamps, by whose dear light
    The nightingale does sit so late,
    And studying all the summer night,
    57300Her matchless songs does meditate;

    Ye country comets, that 57381portend
    No war nor prince's funeral,
    Shining unto no 15171higher end
    Than to presage the grass's fall;

    Ye glowworms, whose 59681officious flame
    To wandering mowers show the way,
    That in the night have 48636lost their aim,
    And after foolish fires do stray;

    Your courteous light in vain you waste,
    Since Juliana here is come,
    For she my mind hath so displaced
    That I shall never find my home.
    [passage-footer]
    [/passage-footer]

    ...view full instructions

    Fill in the blank with a suitable option:
    The speaker implies that, without the glowworms, mowers who have "lost their aim" (line 48636) would be likely to _____________.

  • Question 4
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]Read the poem and answer the question that follows:
    "The Mower to the Glowworms"
    [/passage-header]Ye living lamps, by whose dear light
    The nightingale does sit so late,
    And studying all the summer night,
    57300Her matchless songs does meditate;

    Ye country comets, that 57381portend
    No war nor prince's funeral,
    Shining unto no 15171higher end
    Than to presage the grass's fall;

    Ye glowworms, whose 59681officious flame
    To wandering mowers show the way,
    That in the night have 48636lost their aim,
    And after foolish fires do stray;

    Your courteous light in vain you waste,
    Since Juliana here is come,
    For she my mind hath so displaced
    That I shall never find my home.
    [passage-footer]
    [/passage-footer]

    ...view full instructions

    Fill in the blank with a suitable option:
    "The Mower to the Glowworms" could most reasonably be considered __________________.

  • Question 5
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]This passage is adapted from Ed Yong : Turtles Use the Earth's Magnetic Field as Global GPS." 2011 by Kalmbach Publishing Co.[/passage-header]
    64308In 1996, a loggerhead turtle called Adelita swam across 9,000 miles from Mexico to Japan, crossing the entire Pacific on her way.15272 Wallace J. Nichols97138 tracked this epic journey with a satellite tag. But Adelita herself had no such technology at her disposal. How did she steer route two oceans to find her destination?

    Nathan Putman has the answer. By testing hatchling turtles in a special tank, he has found that they can use the Earth's magnetic field as their own Global Positioning System (GPS). By sensing the field, they can work out both their latitude and longitude and head in the right direction.

    Putman works in the lab of Ken Lohmann, who has been studying the magnetic abilities of loggerheads for over 20 years. In his lab at the University of North Carolina, Lohmann places hatchlings in a large water tank surrounded by a large grid of electromagnetic coils. In 1991, he found that the babies started in the opposite direction if he used the coils to reverse the direction of the magnetic field around them. They could use the field as a compass to get their bearing.

    Later, Lohmann showed that they can also use the magnetic field to work out their position. For them, this is literally a matter of life or death. Hatchlings born off the seacoast of Florida spend their early lives in the North Atlantic gyre, a warm current that circles between North America and Africa. If they're swept towards the cold waters outside the gyre, they die. Their magnetic sense keeps them safe.

    87584Using his coil-surrounded tank, Lohmann could mimic the magnetic field at different parts of the Earth's surface.62829 If he simulated the field at the northern edge of the gyre, the hatchlings swam southwards. If he simulated the field at the gyre's southern edge, the turtles swam west-northwest. These experiments showed that the turtles can use their magnetic sense to work out their latitude--their position on a north-south axis. Now, Putman has shown that they can also determine their longitude--their position on an east-west axis.

    He tweaked his magnetic tanks to simulate the fields in two positions with the same latitude at opposite ends of the Atlantic. If the field simulated the west Atlantic near Puerto Rico, the turtles swam northeast. If the field matched that on the eastern Atlantic near the Cape Verde Islands, the turtles swam southwest. In the wild, both headings would keep them within the safe, warm embrace of the North Atlantic Gyre.

    Before now, we knew that several animal migrants, from91333 loggerheads to reed warblers to sparrows, had some way of working out longitude, but no one knew how. By keeping the turtles in the same conditions, with only the magnetic fields around them changing, Putman clearly showed that they can use these fields to find their way. 33513In the wild, they might well also use other landmarks like the position of the sea, sun and stars.75442

    Putman thinks that the turtles work out their position using two features of the Earth's magnetic field that change over its surface. They can sense the field's inclination or the angle at which it dips towards the surface. At the poles, this angle is roughly 90 degrees and at the equator, it's roughly zero degrees. They can also sense its intensity, which is strongest near the poles and weakest near the Equator. Different parts of the world have unique combinations of these two variables. 67255Neither corresponds directly to either latitude or longitude, but together, they provide a "magnetic signature" that tells the turtle where it is.52988

    The orientation of hatchling loggerheads tested in a magnetic field that simulates a position at the west side of the Atlantic near Puerto Rico (left) and a position at the east side of the Atlantic near the Cape Verde Islands (right). The arrow in each circle indicates the mean direction that the group of hatchlings swam. Data are plotted relative to geographic north (N=0o)(N=0o).

    ...view full instructions

    The author refers to reed warblers and sparrows (line 91333) primarily to

  • Question 6
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]This passage is adapted from Ed Yong : Turtles Use the Earth's Magnetic Field as Global GPS." 2011 by Kalmbach Publishing Co.[/passage-header]
    64308In 1996, a loggerhead turtle called Adelita swam across 9,000 miles from Mexico to Japan, crossing the entire Pacific on her way.15272 Wallace J. Nichols97138 tracked this epic journey with a satellite tag. But Adelita herself had no such technology at her disposal. How did she steer route two oceans to find her destination?

    Nathan Putman has the answer. By testing hatchling turtles in a special tank, he has found that they can use the Earth's magnetic field as their own Global Positioning System (GPS). By sensing the field, they can work out both their latitude and longitude and head in the right direction.

    Putman works in the lab of Ken Lohmann, who has been studying the magnetic abilities of loggerheads for over 20 years. In his lab at the University of North Carolina, Lohmann places hatchlings in a large water tank surrounded by a large grid of electromagnetic coils. In 1991, he found that the babies started in the opposite direction if he used the coils to reverse the direction of the magnetic field around them. They could use the field as a compass to get their bearing.

    Later, Lohmann showed that they can also use the magnetic field to work out their position. For them, this is literally a matter of life or death. Hatchlings born off the seacoast of Florida spend their early lives in the North Atlantic gyre, a warm current that circles between North America and Africa. If they're swept towards the cold waters outside the gyre, they die. Their magnetic sense keeps them safe.

    87584Using his coil-surrounded tank, Lohmann could mimic the magnetic field at different parts of the Earth's surface.62829 If he simulated the field at the northern edge of the gyre, the hatchlings swam southwards. If he simulated the field at the gyre's southern edge, the turtles swam west-northwest. These experiments showed that the turtles can use their magnetic sense to work out their latitude--their position on a north-south axis. Now, Putman has shown that they can also determine their longitude--their position on an east-west axis.

    He tweaked his magnetic tanks to simulate the fields in two positions with the same latitude at opposite ends of the Atlantic. If the field simulated the west Atlantic near Puerto Rico, the turtles swam northeast. If the field matched that on the eastern Atlantic near the Cape Verde Islands, the turtles swam southwest. In the wild, both headings would keep them within the safe, warm embrace of the North Atlantic Gyre.

    Before now, we knew that several animal migrants, from91333 loggerheads to reed warblers to sparrows, had some way of working out longitude, but no one knew how. By keeping the turtles in the same conditions, with only the magnetic fields around them changing, Putman clearly showed that they can use these fields to find their way. 33513In the wild, they might well also use other landmarks like the position of the sea, sun and stars.75442

    Putman thinks that the turtles work out their position using two features of the Earth's magnetic field that change over its surface. They can sense the field's inclination or the angle at which it dips towards the surface. At the poles, this angle is roughly 90 degrees and at the equator, it's roughly zero degrees. They can also sense its intensity, which is strongest near the poles and weakest near the Equator. Different parts of the world have unique combinations of these two variables. 67255Neither corresponds directly to either latitude or longitude, but together, they provide a "magnetic signature" that tells the turtle where it is.52988

    The orientation of hatchling loggerheads tested in a magnetic field that simulates a position at the west side of the Atlantic near Puerto Rico (left) and a position at the east side of the Atlantic near the Cape Verde Islands (right). The arrow in each circle indicates the mean direction that the group of hatchlings swam. Data are plotted relative to geographic north (N=0o)(N=0o).

    ...view full instructions

    Based on the passage, which choice best describes the relationship between Putman's and Lohmann's research?

  • Question 7
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]The following is adapted from E.M. Forster's A Room With a View, originally published in 1908.[/passage-header]

    58972A few days after the engagement little garden-party in the neighbourhood, for naturally she wanted to show people that her daughter was marrying a presentable man.30946

    97799Cecil was more than presentable; he looked distinguished, and it was very pleasant to see his slim figure keeping step with Lucy, and his long, fair face responding when Lucy spoke to him. 89585People congratulated Mrs. Honeychurch, which is, I believe, a social blunder, but it pleased her, and she introduced Cecil rather indiscriminately to some stuffy dowagers.45912

    At tea a misfortune took place: a cup of coffee was upset over Lucy's figured silk, and though Lucy feigned indifference, her mother feigned nothing of the sort but dragged her indoors to have the frock treated by a sympathetic maid. 78510They were gone some time, and Cecil was left with the dowagers.15156 When they returned he was not as pleasant as he had been.

    "Do you go to much of this sort of thing?" he asked when they were driving home.

    "Oh, now and then," said Lucy, who had rather enjoyed herself.

    "Is it typical of country society?"

    "I suppose so. Mother, would it be?"

    60238"Plenty of society," said Mrs. Honeychurch, who was trying to remember the hang of one of the dresses.40756

    Seeing that her thoughts were elsewhere, Cecil bent towards Lucy and said:

    "To me it seemed perfectly appalling, disastrous65016, portentous."

    "I am so sorry that you were stranded."

    "Not that, but the congratulations. It is so disgusting, the way an engagement is regarded as public property--a kind of waste place where every outsider may shoot his vulgar 43590sentiment. All those old women smirking!"

    "One has to go through it, I suppose. They won't notice us so much next time."

    "But my point is that their whole attitude is wrong.67899 An engagement--horrid word in the first place--is a private matter, and should be treated as such."47601

    Yet the smirking old women, however wrong individually, were racially correct. The spirit of the generations had smiled through them, rejoicing in the engagement of Cecil and Lucy because it promised the continuance of life on earth. To Cecil and Lucy it promised something quite different--personal love. Hence Cecil's irritation and Lucy's belief that his irritation was just.

    "How tiresome!" she said. "Couldn't you have escaped to tennis?"

    "I don't play tennis--at least, not in public. 84924The neighbourhood is deprived of the romance of me being athletic.20976 Such romance as I have is that of the Inglese Italianato."

    "Inglese Italianato?"

    "E un diavolo incarnato! You know the proverb?"

    She did not. Nor did it seem applicable to a young man who had spent a quiet winter in Rome with his mother. But Cecil, since his engagement, had taken to affect51078 a cosmopolitan naughtiness which he was far from possessing.

    "Well," said he, "I cannot help it if they do disapprove of me. 30881There are certain irremovable barriers between myself and them, and I must accept them."67488

    "We all have our limitations, I suppose," said wise Lucy.

    "Sometimes they are forced on us, though," said Cecil, who saw from her remark that she did not quite understand his position.

    "How?"

    84803"It makes a difference doesn't it, whether we fully fence ourselves in, or whether we are fenced out by the barriers of others?"73746

    She thought a moment and agreed that it did make a difference.

    "Difference?" cried Mrs. Honeychurch, suddenly alert. "I don't see anydifference. Fences are fences, especially when they are in the same place."

    "We were speaking of motives," said Cecil, on whom the interruption jarred.

    52521"My dear Cecil, look here." She spread out her knees and perched her card-case on her lap. "This is me. That's Windy Corner. The rest of the pattern is the other people. 19102Motives are all very well, but the fence comes here."98842

    "We weren't talking of real fences," said Lucy, laughing.

    "Oh, I see, dear--poetry."91572

    ...view full instructions

    The passage most strongly suggests that Cecil found the engagement party disastrous (line 65016) because

  • Question 8
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]Read the conversation given below and answer the question that follows:[/passage-header]ROSE: Times have changed since you was playing baseball, Troy. That was before the war. Times have changed a lot since then.
    TROY: How in hell they done changed?

    ROSE: They got lots of colored boys playing ball now. Baseball and football.
    BONO: You right about that, Rose. Times have changed, Troy. You just come along too early.

    TROY: 58881There ought not never have been no time called too early! Now you take that fellow...what's that fellow they had playing right field for the Yankees back then? You know who I'm talking about, Bono. Used to play right field for the Yankees.
    ROSE: Selkirk?

    TROY: Selkirk! That's it! Man batting. 269, understand? 269. What kind of sense that make? I was hitting 432 with thirty-seven home runs! Man batting 269 and playing right field for the Yankees! I saw Josh Gibson's* daughter yesterday. She walking around with raggedy shoes on her feet. Now I bet you Selkirk daughter ain't walking around with raggedy shoes on her feet! I bet you that!
    ROSE: They got a lot of colored baseball players now. Jackie Robinson was the first. Folks had to wait for Jackie Robinson.

    TROY : I done seen a hundred niggers play baseball better than Jackie Robinson. Hell, I know some teams Jackie Robinson couldn't even make! Jackie Robinson wasn't nobody. I am talking about if you could play ball then they ought to have let you play. Don't care what color you were. Come telling me I come along too early. If you could play... then they ought to have let you play.

    (Troy takes a long drink from the bottle.)

    ROSE : You gonna drink yourself to death. You don't need to be drinking like that.
    TROY: Death ain't nothing. I done seen him. Done wrastled with him. You can't tell me nothing about death. Death ain't nothing but a fastball on the outside corner. And you know what I'll do to that! Lookee here, Bono... am I lying? You get one of them fastballs, about waist height, over the outside corner of the plate where you can get the meat of the bat on it...and good god! You can kiss it goodbye. Now, am I lying?

    BONO: Naw, you telling the truth there. I see you do it.
    TROY: If I'm lying...that 450 feet worth of lying! (Pause.) That's all death is to me. A fastball on the outside corner.

    ROSE: I don't know why you want to get on talking about death.
    TROY : Ain't nothing wrong with talking about death. That's part of life. Everybody gonna die. You gonna die, I'm gonna die. Bono's gonna die. Hell, we all gonna die.
    [passage-footer](1986)
    *Josh Gibson was a notable baseball player in the Negro Leagues.[/passage-footer]

    ...view full instructions

    It can be inferred that Troy played baseball _________.

  • Question 9
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]Read the conversation given below and answer the question that follows:[/passage-header]ROSE: Times have changed since you was playing baseball, Troy. That was before the war. Times have changed a lot since then.
    TROY: How in hell they done changed?

    ROSE: They got lots of colored boys playing ball now. Baseball and football.
    BONO: You right about that, Rose. Times have changed, Troy. You just come along too early.

    TROY: 58881There ought not never have been no time called too early! Now you take that fellow...what's that fellow they had playing right field for the Yankees back then? You know who I'm talking about, Bono. Used to play right field for the Yankees.
    ROSE: Selkirk?

    TROY: Selkirk! That's it! Man batting. 269, understand? 269. What kind of sense that make? I was hitting 432 with thirty-seven home runs! Man batting 269 and playing right field for the Yankees! I saw Josh Gibson's* daughter yesterday. She walking around with raggedy shoes on her feet. Now I bet you Selkirk daughter ain't walking around with raggedy shoes on her feet! I bet you that!
    ROSE: They got a lot of colored baseball players now. Jackie Robinson was the first. Folks had to wait for Jackie Robinson.

    TROY : I done seen a hundred niggers play baseball better than Jackie Robinson. Hell, I know some teams Jackie Robinson couldn't even make! Jackie Robinson wasn't nobody. I am talking about if you could play ball then they ought to have let you play. Don't care what color you were. Come telling me I come along too early. If you could play... then they ought to have let you play.

    (Troy takes a long drink from the bottle.)

    ROSE : You gonna drink yourself to death. You don't need to be drinking like that.
    TROY: Death ain't nothing. I done seen him. Done wrastled with him. You can't tell me nothing about death. Death ain't nothing but a fastball on the outside corner. And you know what I'll do to that! Lookee here, Bono... am I lying? You get one of them fastballs, about waist height, over the outside corner of the plate where you can get the meat of the bat on it...and good god! You can kiss it goodbye. Now, am I lying?

    BONO: Naw, you telling the truth there. I see you do it.
    TROY: If I'm lying...that 450 feet worth of lying! (Pause.) That's all death is to me. A fastball on the outside corner.

    ROSE: I don't know why you want to get on talking about death.
    TROY : Ain't nothing wrong with talking about death. That's part of life. Everybody gonna die. You gonna die, I'm gonna die. Bono's gonna die. Hell, we all gonna die.
    [passage-footer](1986)
    *Josh Gibson was a notable baseball player in the Negro Leagues.[/passage-footer]

    ...view full instructions

    Troy mentions his encounter with Josh Gibson's daughter to ________________. 

  • Question 10
    1 / -0

    Directions For Questions

    [passage-header]Read the conversation given below and answer the question that follows:[/passage-header]ROSE: Times have changed since you was playing baseball, Troy. That was before the war. Times have changed a lot since then.
    TROY: How in hell they done changed?

    ROSE: They got lots of colored boys playing ball now. Baseball and football.
    BONO: You right about that, Rose. Times have changed, Troy. You just come along too early.

    TROY: 58881There ought not never have been no time called too early! Now you take that fellow...what's that fellow they had playing right field for the Yankees back then? You know who I'm talking about, Bono. Used to play right field for the Yankees.
    ROSE: Selkirk?

    TROY: Selkirk! That's it! Man batting. 269, understand? 269. What kind of sense that make? I was hitting 432 with thirty-seven home runs! Man batting 269 and playing right field for the Yankees! I saw Josh Gibson's* daughter yesterday. She walking around with raggedy shoes on her feet. Now I bet you Selkirk daughter ain't walking around with raggedy shoes on her feet! I bet you that!
    ROSE: They got a lot of colored baseball players now. Jackie Robinson was the first. Folks had to wait for Jackie Robinson.

    TROY : I done seen a hundred niggers play baseball better than Jackie Robinson. Hell, I know some teams Jackie Robinson couldn't even make! Jackie Robinson wasn't nobody. I am talking about if you could play ball then they ought to have let you play. Don't care what color you were. Come telling me I come along too early. If you could play... then they ought to have let you play.

    (Troy takes a long drink from the bottle.)

    ROSE : You gonna drink yourself to death. You don't need to be drinking like that.
    TROY: Death ain't nothing. I done seen him. Done wrastled with him. You can't tell me nothing about death. Death ain't nothing but a fastball on the outside corner. And you know what I'll do to that! Lookee here, Bono... am I lying? You get one of them fastballs, about waist height, over the outside corner of the plate where you can get the meat of the bat on it...and good god! You can kiss it goodbye. Now, am I lying?

    BONO: Naw, you telling the truth there. I see you do it.
    TROY: If I'm lying...that 450 feet worth of lying! (Pause.) That's all death is to me. A fastball on the outside corner.

    ROSE: I don't know why you want to get on talking about death.
    TROY : Ain't nothing wrong with talking about death. That's part of life. Everybody gonna die. You gonna die, I'm gonna die. Bono's gonna die. Hell, we all gonna die.
    [passage-footer](1986)
    *Josh Gibson was a notable baseball player in the Negro Leagues.[/passage-footer]

    ...view full instructions

    Troy's tone in lamenting the injustice of his baseball career is one of ____________.

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