Solutions Test

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Solutions Test - 10

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Question 1
1 / -0.25

What weight of glycerol should be added to 600g of water in order to lower its freezing point by 10^∘ C? (K_f = 1.86^∘ Cm⁻¹ )

A
496 g

B
297 g

C
310 g

D
426 g

Solution
Question 2
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The osmotic pressure of a solution can be increased by

A
Increasing the volume

B
Increasing the number of solute molecules

C
Decreasing the temperature

D
Removing semipermeable membrane

Solution

Hence, π∝n
Question 3
1 / -0.25

Answer the following questions on the basis of given paragraph.
Osmotic pressure is widely used to determine molar masses of proteins and polymers. Two solutions having same osmotic pressure are called isotonic solutions. Water can flow in or out from substance depending on if it is kept in hypotonic or hypertonic solutions. The direction of the osmosis can be reversed if a pressure larger than osmotic pressure is applied on solution side.

Q. People taking lot of salt experience puffiness or swelling of the body due to

A
Water retention in tissue cells and intercellular spaces because of osmosis

B
Water loss from the cells through skin tissues

C
Capillary action of water through skin pores

D
Excessive thirst and drinking more water

Solution

Due to osmosis water moves into the tissues and intercellular spaces causing retention of water.
Question 4
1 / -0.25

Answer the following questions on the basis of given paragraph.
Osmotic pressure is widely used to determine molar masses of proteins and polymers. Two solutions having same osmotic pressure are called isotonic solutions. Water can flow in or out from substance depending on if it is kept in hypotonic or hypertonic solutions. The direction of the osmosis can be reversed if a pressure larger than osmotic pressure is applied on solution side.

Q. The preservation of meat by salting and of fruits by adding sugar protects them from bacterial action because

A
Bacteria die of eating sugar or salt

B
Due to osmosis bacteria lose water on salted meat or candid fruit and die

C
Due to osmosis bacteria gain water on salted meat or candid fruit and die

D
Bacteria get stuck to the salt and sugar layers and die

Solution

The bacteria on salted meat or candid fruit loss water through osmosis, shrink and die.
Question 5
1 / -0.25

Answer the following questions on the basis of given paragraph.
Osmotic pressure is widely used to determine molar masses of proteins and polymers. Two solutions having same osmotic pressure are called isotonic solutions. Water can flow in or out from substance depending on if it is kept in hypotonic or hypertonic solutions. The direction of the osmosis can be reversed if a pressure larger than osmotic pressure is applied on solution side.
Q. Sea water is desalinated to get fresh water by which of the following methods?

A
When pressure more than osmotic pressure is applied pure water is squeezed out of sea water by reverse osmosis

B
When excess pressure is applied on sea water pure water moves in by osmosis

C
Water moves out from sea water due to osmosis

D
Salt is precipitated from sea water when kept undisturbed for sometime

Solution

Reverse osmosis is used for desalination of sea water.
Question 6
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Which of the following statements is not correct?

A
Osmotic pressure(π) of a solution is given by the relation π= MRT, where M is the molarity of the solution

B
The correct order of osmotic pressure for 0.2M aqueous solution of each solute is CaCl₂ >NaCl >CH₃ COOH >glucose

C
Two solutions of sucrose of same molality prepared in different solvents will have same elevation in boiling point

D
Relative lowering in vapour pressure of a solution containing non-volatile solute is directly proportional to mole fraction of solution is Raoult 's law

Solution

With different solvents, the colligative properties change.
Question 7
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10% solution of urea is isotonic with 6% solution of a non-volatile solute X.What is the molecular mass of solute X?

A
6 g mol⁻¹

B
60 g mol⁻¹

C
36 g mol⁻¹

D
32 g mol⁻¹

Solution

No. of moles of urea = 10/60 = 16
Weight of solute, X = 6 g
No. of moles of X = 6/M
For isotonic solutions, n₁ = n₂
or 1/6 = 6/M or M = 36 g mol⁻¹
Question 8
1 / -0.25

A solution containing 10.2g glycerine per litre is isotonic with a 2% solution of glucose. What is the molecular mass of glycerine?

A
91.8 g

B
1198 g

C
83.9 g

D
890.3 g

Solution

π_glycerine = π_glucose

(Density of water = 1g/cm³ )
Question 9
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What will be the osmotic pressure in pascals exerted by a solution prepared by dissolving 1.0 g of polymer of molar mass 150,000 in 500 mL of water at 37^∘ C?

A
30.96 Pa

B
34.36 Pa

C
68.72 Pa

D
48.25 Pa

Solution

No. of moles of polymer
Question 10
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Osmotic pressure of a solution containing 2g dissolved protein per 300cm² of solution is 20mm of Hg at 27^o C. The molecular mass of protein is

A
6239.6 g mol⁻¹

B
12315.5 g mol⁻¹

C
3692.1 g mol⁻¹

D
7368.4 g mol⁻¹

Solution

= 6239.6 g mol⁻¹
Question 11
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A solution is made by dissolving 20g of a substance in 500mL of water. Its osmotic pressure was found to be 600mm of Hg at 15^∘ C. Find the molecular weight of the substance.

A
1198

B
500

C
1200

D
1000

Solution
Question 12
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Which of the following statements is not correct?

A
5% aqueous solutions of NaCl and KCl are said to be isomolar

B
1 M sucrose solution and 1 M glucose solution are isotonic

C
Molecular mass of acetic acid and benzoic acid is higher than normal mass in cryoscopic methods

D
For the same solution, ΔT_b /ΔT_f = K_b /K_f

Solution

Both NaCl and KCl have different molecular masses.
Question 13
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Grapes placed in three beakers X, Y and Z containing different type of solutions are shown in figures.

If beaker X contains water, Y and Z contains:

A
Y - hypotonic solution, Z - hypertonic solution

B
Y - hypertonic solution, Z - hypotonic solution

C
Y and Z - isotonic solutions

D
Y and Z - hypotonic solutions

Solution

In hypotonic solution, the water is drawn in and the grape swells while in hypertonic solution the water is drawn out and the grape shrinks.
Question 14
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A plant cell shrinks when it is kept in a

A
Hypotonic solution

B
Hypertonic solution

C
Isotonic solution

D
Pure water

Solution

Hypertonic solution has high osmotic pressure. When a plant cell is placed in hypertonic solution water will diffuse out of the cell resulting in shrinking of the cell.
Question 15
1 / -0.25

Which of the following statements is correct?

A
A saturated solution will remain saturated at all temperatures

B
A plant cell swells when placed in hypertonic solution

C
The depression in freezing point is directly proportional to molality of the solution

D
Lowering in vapour pressure is a colligative property

Solution

Solubility changes with temperature. A plant cell shrinks in hypertonic solution. Relative lowering of vapour pressure is a colligative property.