Accountancy Test - 9

The correct answer is 

Key Points

• Structured Query Language aka SQL is the core of relational databases with the help of which we can handle data. It provides us with various features such as Triggers, Injection, Hosting, and, Joins is just one of the most important concept to master in SQL.
• JOINS in SQL are commands which are used to combine rows from two or more tables, based on a related column between those tables. There are predominantly used when a user is trying to extract data from tables that have one-to-many or many-to-many relationships between them.

Additional Information

• There are mainly four types of joins that you need to understand. They are:
  1. INNER JOIN
  2. FULL JOIN
  3. LEFT JOIN
  4. RIGHT JOIN

The correct answer is option 4.

Concept:

Microsoft Access:

Microsoft Access is a relational database management application that allows you to save information for reference, reporting, and analysis. Access can also help you get beyond the constraints that come with using Excel or other spreadsheet programs to manage huge volumes of data.

• MS Access supports both flat-file databases and relational databases.
• The database management system (DBMS) Microsoft Access is used to store and manage data. Access is a commercial and enterprise application that is part of the Microsoft 365 package.
• A flat-file database is used to store data in a single table structure. A relational database is used to store data in a multiple-table structure. A flat-file database can be accessed by a variety of software applications like MS access.

What is DBMS?

• Database Management System (DBMS) is software for storing and retrieving users' data while considering appropriate security measures. It consists of a group of programs that manipulate the database. The DBMS accepts the request for data from an application and instructs the operating system to provide the specific data. In large systems, a DBMS helps users and other third-party software to store and retrieve data.
• DBMS allows users to create their own databases as per their requirements. The term “DBMS” includes the use of the database and other application programs. It provides an interface between the data and the software application.
• Some DBMS examples include MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft Access, SQL Server, FileMaker, Oracle, RDBMS, dBASE, Clipper, and FoxPro. Since there are so many database management systems available, it is important for there to be a way for them to communicate with each other. For this reason, most database software comes with an Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) driver that allows the database to integrate with other databases. For example, common SQL statements such as SELECT and INSERT are translated from a program's proprietary syntax into a syntax other databases can understand.

The correct answer is Rows, Columns.

Key Points

• A relational database architecture is used in a CRM.
• It is made up of rows and columns which in turn makes tables.
• A primary key is used to connect the tables with other tables.
• Some of the database management systems available in the market today are Microsoft’s SQL server, Oracle, DB2 from IBM, etc.
• These systems help to update and administer the database.

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The correct answer is Database Management System

Important Points

• A DBMS is a computer software application that interacts with the user, other applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data. It handles the storage, retrieval, and updating of data in the computer system.

Additional Information

• Functions of DBMS:
  • ​Manages data dictionaries that store a definition of various data elements and their relationships.
  • Provides storage for not only data but also all related data like procedural codes, data validation, and entry forms.
  • Transforms and presents data according to the user’s expectations.
  • DBMS provides data privacy by using security systems in a multi-user database interface.
  • Allows multiple users to access any data at the same point of time without any discrepancies.
  • Ensures easy data recovery and back up in order to protect its integrity.
  • It allows users to communicate and transact via emails and many other communication modes.

Key Points

 SQL (Structured Query Language) is a standardized programming language that's used to manage relational databases and perform various operations on the data in them. ... SQL became the de facto standard programming language for relational databases after they emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s.

• SQL is regularly used not only by database administrators, but also by developers writing data integration scripts and data analysts looking to set up and run analytical queries.
• The uses of SQL include modifying database table and index structures; adding, updating and deleting rows of data; and retrieving subsets of information from within a database for transaction processing and analytics applications.

Hence the correct answer is Structured Query Language.

The correct option is All of the Above.

Key Points

• Whenever we create the database we used it to create tables.
• Tables are the only way to read the data in a systematic and proper way.
• Because other database objects depend so heavily on tables, we should always start our design of a database by creating all of its tables and then creating any other object.
• There are various ways to create tables in Ms access.
  • Using the Wizard.
  • Using Design.
  • Using Datasheet.​

Important Points ​Create a Table using Table Wizard

• The following procedure is used to create a table using table wizard:
  • Step 1:Open Database window.
  • Step 2:Click Tables table in the objects bar.
  • Step 3:Double click Create a table by using a wizard. The Table Wizard will start.

• Step 4:The sample tables included with Access are grouped into two categories of Business and Personal.
• select the appropriate category and type of table to be created.
• Select appropriate fields for the table.

Create a Table using Design View

• Step 1:Select Create > Table Design.
• Step 2: Name the new table, for the first field, enter a field name and a data type.
• Step 3:To set the primary key for the table, select the Field Name cell for the appropriate field, and then select Primary Key. 
• Step 4:Select File > Save and name the table.

Creating a Table using Datasheet.

• Step 1:Open the Excel spreadsheet.
• Step 2:Use your mouse to select the cells that contain the information for the table. 
• Step 3:Click the "Insert" tab > Locate the "Tables" group.
• Step 4:Click "Table". A "Create Table" dialog box will open. 
• Step 5:If you have column headings, check the box "My table has headers".
• Step 6:Verify that the range is correct > Click [OK].

The correct answer is option 4.

Concept:

MS Access:

 MS Access or Microsoft Access is Database Management System (DBMS) by Microsoft. In Microsoft Access, Jet Database Engine is merged with the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and Software development tools.

There are seven major components of Microsoft Access:

Tables:

In MS Access Tables store the data or the information that we feed the program.

Relationships:

The connections that arise between one or more tables are known as relationships. So there are one-on-one connections, one-to-many relationships, and, of course, many-to-many ties.

Queries:

Queries are when the user or the programmer requests the database for information.

Forms:

This is an object class that enables a programmer or designer to develop an MS Access user interface. Tables and queries are what make up a form.

Reports:

The user will wish to examine the information once all of the data has been entered into the database.

Macros:

Macros are Microsoft Access capabilities that let you automate actions on your forms and reports.

Modules:

These are the software's foundations, which enable a programmer to design a series of predetermined instructions known as sub-routines.

Hence the correct answer is All the above.

The correct answer is Records, fields

Key Points

• In the Relational database model, a table is a collection of data elements organized in terms of rows and columns. A table is also considered as a convenient representation of relations. But a table can have a duplicate row of data while a true relation cannot have duplicate data.

Additional Information 

• Fields and records are two basic components of a database, which is an organized collection of information, or data. The term "fields" refers to columns or vertical categories of data; the term "records" refers to rows or horizontal groupings of unique field data. Examples of both database components are seen in older, printed databases and also in modern, computer-based databases.
• A single entry in a table is called a Tuple or Record or Row. A tuple in a table represents a set of related data.
• A table consists of several records(row), each record can be broken down into several smaller parts of data known as Attributes.

The correct answer is Uniquely identify a record

• There is always one primary key in a table for each record which is used to uniquely identify that record.
• KEYS in DBMS is an attribute or set of attributes that help you to identify a row(tuple) in a relation(table). They allow you to find the relation between two tables. Keys help you uniquely identify a row in a table by a combination of one or more columns in that table. The Key is also helpful for finding a unique record or row from the table. The database key is also helpful for finding a unique record or row from the table.

• There are mainly seven different types of Keys in DBMS and each key has its different functionality:

  1. Super Key -  A super key is a group of single or multiple keys that identifies rows in a table.
  2. Primary Key -  is a column or group of columns in a table that uniquely identify every row in that table.
  3. Candidate Key -  is a set of attributes that uniquely identify tuples in a table. Candidate Key is a super key with no repeated attributes.
  4. Alternate Key -  is a column or group of columns in a table that uniquely identify every row in that table.
  5. Foreign Key -  is a column that creates a relationship between two tables. The purpose of Foreign keys is to maintain data integrity and allow navigation between two different instances of an entity.
  6. Composite Key - A two or more attributes that allow you to uniquely recognize a specific record. It is possible that each column may not be unique by itself within the database.
  7. Surrogate Key -  An artificial key which aims to uniquely identify each record is called a surrogate key. These kinds of keys are unique because they are created when you don't have any natural primary key.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e MS Access.

Key Points

• ​.accdb extension is associated with Microsoft Access.
  • Microsoft Access is a database management system (DBMS) associated with Microsoft.
  • Microsoft Access stores data in its own format based on the Access Jet Database Engine.
  • ACCDB stands for Access Database.
  • The 'ACCDB' file format replaces the older 'MDB' format used in prior versions of Access.

Additional Information 

• .docx is the extension associated with Microsoft Word.
• .xlsx is the extension associated with Microsoft Excel.
• .pptx is the extension associated with Microsoft Powerpoint.