Chemistry Test

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Chemistry Test - 26

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
5 / -1

Impurity defect is a type of point defect. It can occur ________

A
in one way, as substitution impurity defect

B
in one way, as interstitial impurity defect

C
in two ways, as substitution impurity defect or as interstitial impurity defect

D
in two ways, as vacant impurity defect or as interstitial impurity defect

Solution

An impurity defect occurs when a regular ion is replaced by some other type of ion, e.g. Na⁺ is replaced by K⁺. If the replacement occurs in the place of the regular cation, it is called a substitution impurity defect. If the replacement occurs in an interstitial position, it is called an interstitial impurity defect.
Question 2
5 / -1

Which type of solid structure melts at a definite, sharp melting point?

A
Crystalline solids

B
No type of solid

C
Amorphous solids

D
All types of solids

Solution

Crystalline solids have a perfectly ordered structure which collapses immediately at a specific temperature. Amorphous solids melt over a range of temperatures, not one specific value.
Question 3
5 / -1

Identify the dimensional relation for the unit cell illustrated below.

A
a = b = c

B
a = b ≠ c

C
a ≠ b ≠ c

D
a ≠ b = c

Solution

The given figure represents an orthorhombic unit cell. Experimentally, it is determined that for orthorhombic unit cells a ≠ b ≠ c. All sides are unequal. It results from extension of cube along two pairs of orthogonal sides by two distinct factors.
Question 4
5 / -1

Stainless steel is a/an ______ alloy.

A
vacant

B
interstitial

C
substitution

D
pure

Solution

Stainless steel is an interstitial alloy. Carbon atoms are introduced into interstitial spaces of iron lattice as an impurity. Further alloying sees the introduction of nickel, chromium in the interstitial spaces.
Question 5
5 / -1

A compound is formed by atoms of elements A occupying the corners of the unit cell and an atom of element B present at the center of the unit cell. Deduce the formula of the compound.

A
AB₂

B
AB₃

C
AB₄

D
AB

Solution

The description is of a BCC. For BCC, each atom at the corner is shared by 8 unit cells. One atom at the center wholly belongs to the corresponding unit cell.

Total number of atoms of B present=1

Therefore, A:B=1:1 implying the formula of the compound is AB.
Question 6
5 / -1

Which of the following is not an example of a non-ideal solution showing negative deviation?

A
HNO₃ + Water

B
HCl + Water

C
Acetic acid + Pyridine

D
Carbon tetrachloride + Toluene

Solution

HNO₃ + Water, HCl + Water and Acetic acid + Pyridine are non-ideal solutions showing negative deviations. Carbon tetrachloride + Toluene is an example of non-ideal solution showing positive deviation.
Question 7
5 / -1

Atoms of element X form a BCC and atoms of element Y occupy 3/4th of the tetrahedral voids. What is the formula of the compound?

A
X₂Y₃

B
X₃Y₂

C
X₃Y₄

D
X₄Y₃

Solution

The number of tetrahedral voids form is equal to twice the number of atoms of element X. Number of atoms of Y is 3/4th the number of tetrahedral voids i.e. 3/2 times the number of atoms of X. Therefore, the ratio of numbers of atoms of X and Y are 2:3, hence X₂Y₃.
Question 8
5 / -1

Which of the following is true regarding non-ideal solutions with negative deviation?

A
The interactions between the components are lesser than in the pure components

B
ΔV_mixing = +ve

C
ΔH_mixing = +ve

D
They form maximum boiling azeotropes

Solution

The interactions between the components of a non-ideal solution showing negative deviation are greater than the pure components. The change in volume and enthalpy after mixing is negative, i.e., ΔV_mixing = -ve, ΔH_mixing = -ve.
Question 9
5 / -1

What is the total volume of the particles present in a body centered unit cell?

A
8πr³

B
8/3 πr³

C
16/3 πr³

D
32/3 πr³

Solution

Since particles are assumed to be spheres and volume of one sphere is 4/3 πr³, total volume of all particles in
Question 10
5 / -1

Which of the following cannot form an azeotrope?

A
H₂O + C₂H₅OH

B
CHCl₃ + C₂H₅OH

C
HCl + H₂O

D
Benzene + Toluene

Solution

H₂O + C₂H₅OH forms an azeotrope with a boiling point of 351.15 K. CHCl₃ + C₂H₅ OH forms an azeotrope with a boiling point of 332.3 K. HCl + H₂O forms an azeotrope with a boiling point of 383 K. Benzene + Toluene is an ideal solution and hence does not form an azeotrope.

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Chemistry Test - 26

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Chemistry Test - 26

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Question 1

in one way, as substitution impurity defect

in one way, as interstitial impurity defect

in two ways, as substitution impurity defect or as interstitial impurity defect

in two ways, as vacant impurity defect or as interstitial impurity defect

Solution

Question 2

Crystalline solids

No type of solid

Amorphous solids

All types of solids

Solution

Question 3

a = b = c

a = b ≠ c

a ≠ b ≠ c

a ≠ b = c

Solution

Question 4

vacant

interstitial

substitution

pure

Solution

Question 5

AB2

AB3

AB4

AB

Solution

Question 6

HNO3 + Water

HCl + Water

Acetic acid + Pyridine

Carbon tetrachloride + Toluene

Solution

Question 7

X2Y3

X3Y2

X3Y4

X4Y3

Solution

Question 8

The interactions between the components are lesser than in the pure components

ΔVmixing = +ve

ΔHmixing = +ve

They form maximum boiling azeotropes

Solution

Question 9

8πr3

8/3 πr3

16/3 πr3

32/3 πr3

Solution

Question 10

H2O + C2H5OH

CHCl3 + C2H5OH

HCl + H2O

Benzene + Toluene

Solution

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AB₂

AB₃

AB₄

HNO₃ + Water

X₂Y₃

X₃Y₂

X₃Y₄

X₄Y₃

ΔV_mixing = +ve

ΔH_mixing = +ve

8πr³

8/3 πr³

16/3 πr³

32/3 πr³

H₂O + C₂H₅OH

CHCl₃ + C₂H₅OH

HCl + H₂O