Economics Test - 19

The correct answer is 17.5 percent.

Key Points

• India’s population accounts for the world’s 17.5 percent population. Hence option 3 is Correct.
• Of the total population of 1210.2 million, the number of males was pegged at 623.7 million and the population of females stood at 586.5 million.
• The percentage growth in 2001-2011 was 17.64.  
  • For males, the growth rate was 17.19% and for females, it was 18.12%.
• Though the country’s population is almost equal to the combined population of the U.S., Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Japan put together [1214.3 million], the silver lining is that 2001-2011 is the first decade with the exception of 1911-1921 which has actually added lesser population compared to the previous decade.
• Among the States and Union Territories, Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state with 199 million people followed by Maharashtra at 112 million people and Lakshadweep is the least populated at 64,429 persons.

Additional Information

(Note: MPSC has canceled this question in its final answer key)

Confusion PointsAs per the Indian Census Report, 2011 the percentage of the Indian population in the population of the world is 17.5%. 

As per the UN data, India's 2020 population is estimated at 17.7% of the total world population.

The UN Demographic Yearbook gathers, publishes, and disseminates official statistics on a variety of issues.

 Important Points

• Since 1948, data has been gathered from national statistical authorities via a series of questionnaires sent yearly to over 230 country statistical offices by the United Nations Statistics Division.
• Bangladesh recorded the highest population density as per U.N. Demographic Year Book, 2010

Additional Information

•  India, Pakistan and Japan, in descending order of population density, do not have the highest population density. 

Hence, Bangladesh has the highest population density as per the U.N. Demographic Year Book, 2010. 

The correct answer is 1210 million.

Key Points

• Census 2011
  • India’s population has jumped to 1.21 billion, showing an increase by more than 181 million during the 2001-2011 decade, according to the data of Census 2011.
  • Though the country’s population is almost equal to the combined population of the U.S., Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Japan put together [1214.3 million], the silver lining is that 2001-2011 is the first decade except 1911-1921 which has actually added lesser population compared to the previous decade.
  • India’s population as per the 2011 census is​ 1210.2 million, the number of males was pegged at 623.7 million and the population of females stood at 586.5 million. Hence, Option 4 is correct.
  • The percentage growth in 2001-2011 was 17.64 – males 17.19 and females 18.12. India’s population accounts for the world’s 17.5 percent population.
  • Among the States and Union Territories, Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state with 199 million people followed by Maharashtra at 112 million people and Lakshadweep is the least populated at 64,429 persons.
  • The combined population of the U.P. and Maharashtra is greater than that of the U.S.
  • The percentage of decadal growth rates of the six most populous States have declined during 2001-2011 as compared to 1991-2001.
  • The graph of population growth in U.P. shows a decline from 25.85 percent to 20.09 percent, in Maharashtra from 22.73 percent to 15.99 percent, Bihar from 28.62 percent to 25.07 percent, West Bengal from 17.77 percent to 13.93 percent, Andhra Pradesh from 14.59 percent to 11.10 percent and Madhya Pradesh from 24.26 percent to 20.30 percent.

The correct answer is China.

• China has the largest population in the world followed by India.
• The population of the world is 7.264 billion people.
• China and India account for roughly 36% of the world's population.

The correct answer is Option a.

Key Points

Bangladesh

• In recent years, Bangladesh has emerged as a leading manufacturer of textile products and become a frontrunner in South Asia.
• In fact, in 2019, Bangladesh had a growth rate of 8%, compared to India's 5.3%.
• As the trade deficit decreased, the growth in remittances grew strongly by 9.6% in 2019 to reach a record $16.4 billion.
• The forecast of an increase in domestic demand, hike in public sector wages, and increased construction activity will bolster its economy in the near term, as well.

the correct answer is Option 3.

Key Points

Afghanistan

• Afghanistan has one of the lowest growth rates of all South Asian countries, at less than 3%.
• Largely, this is due to pressing security risks and political tension after the suspension of the U.S.-Taliban peace negotiations.
• However, its agriculture sector continues to grow as favorable weather reverses the impacts of a drought in 2018, prompting economists to favor Afghanistan's GDP growth projections in the next few years.

The correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

Maldives

• In the Maldives, GDP growth has been driven by strong tourism, especially from Europe, China, and India.
• In fact, European guests accounted for about half of arrivals and grew by 16.5% in 2019.
• Despite slow progress on public infrastructure projects and falling gross foreign reserves, the Maldives is continuing to forecast strong growth as long as political problems don't get in the way.

The correct answer is in 1985.

Key Points

• In 1985, the Ministry of Education has renamed the HRD ministry when Rajiv Gandhi was prime minister. 
• TheNational Education Policy (NEP) was introduced in 1986 and was last amended in 1992. 

Important Points

• Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was the first Education Minister of India. 
• On September 26, 1985, the Ministry of Education was renamed the Ministry of Human Resource Development, and P V Narasimha Rao was appointed Minister.
• Related Departments such as those of Culture and Youth & Sports were brought under the Ministry of HRD, and Ministers of State were appointed.
• Even the Department of Women and Child Development – which became a separate Ministry with effect from January 30, 2006 – was a Department under the Union HRD Ministry.

Additional Information

• Recent updates-
  • National Education Policy (NEP), 2020 to introduce several changes in the Indian education system from the school to the college level.
  • The NEP 2020 aim is to make India a global knowledge superpower.
  • The cabinet has also approved the renaming of the Ministry of Human Resource Development to the Ministry of Education.
  • The NEP cleared by the cabinet is only the third major revamp of the framework of education in India since independence.
  • The two earlier education policies were brought in 1968 and 1986.

The correct answer is Sri Lanka.

Key Points

• Human development:​

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Kerala with the composite index value of 0.790 is placed at the top rank followed by Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Goa, and Punjab. Hence, Option 2 is correct.
• As expected, states like Bihar, Odisha, and Chhattisgarh are at the bottom among the 23 major states in India.
• There are several socio-political, economic, and historical reasons for such a state of affairs.
• Kerala can record the highest value in the HDI largely due to its impressive performance in achieving near a hundred percent literacy.
• In a different scenario, the states like Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Assam, and Uttar Pradesh have very low literacy.
• States showing higher total literacy rates have fewer gaps between the male and female literacy rates.
• Apart from educational attainment, the levels of economic development play significant impacts on HDI.
• Economically developed states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, and Punjab, and Haryana have higher values of HDI as compared to states like Chhattisgarh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, etc.
• Regional distortions and social disparities which developed during the colonial period continue to play an important role in the Indian economy, polity, and society.
• The Government of India has made concerted efforts to institutionalize balanced development with its main focus on social distributive justice through planned development.
• It has made significant achievements in most of the fields but, these are still below the desired level.

Additional Information