Geography Test - 22

The correct answer is Japan.

Key Points

• Of all the countries in the world, Japan has the most rapidly aging population in the history of the world.
  • It has the largest population of people over the age of 65.
  • With the oldest population in the world, Japan’s population consists of 28.79 percent of people over age 65.
  • At the present moment, more than one in four people in the country are over the age of 65.
• One theorized reason for Japan’s large elderly population is the post-war baby boom that affected the nation between 1947 and 1949, a time which was followed by a long period of low fertility rates.
  • Japan’s life expectancy is also the highest in the OECD, at 84.7 years, major reason behind this is the country´s low rates of cerebrovascular diseases and its citizens tending to adhere to a healthy diet and lifestyle.
• It is predicted that nearly one-third of the Japanese people (32.2%) will be senior citizens by 2030.
• After Japan, comes Italy and Finland.

Correct Answer: ​East Asia, South Asia, Europe. North America.

Key Points

East Asia:

• Approximately one-fourth of the world's population lives in the East Asia region comprising eastern parts of China, Japan, the Korean Peninsula, and the island of Taiwan. Five-sixths of the people in this region live in China.
• South Asia has the second-largest concentration of people. The region comprises India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka.
• More than 20% 0f the world's population lives in South Asia and India, the world's second-most populous country contains more than three-fourths of the people in this region.
• The world's third-largest population cluster encompasses about two dozen countries that occupy much of Europe from the United Kingdom to western Russia. Approximately 15% of the world's people live in this cluster.

North America:

• The largest concentration of people in the Western Hemisphere is in the Northeastern United States and South-Eastern Canada.
• Approximately 150 million people live in this region and like the Europeans, most Americans are urban dwellers and fewer than 5% are farmers.

Additional Information

​​South-East Asia:

• A third Asian population cluster and the world's fourth-largest comprise a series of islands that lie between the Pacific and Indian Oceans.
• The largest concentration is on the island of Java (Indonesia) inhabited by more than 100 million people.
• Indonesia consists of more than 13,677 islands and is the fourth most populous country in the world. Included in this region is the Philippines.

The correct answer is Belgium.

Key Points

• Belgium
  • Belgium is known as the Cockpit of Europe. Hence, Option 3 is correct.
  • It has been the site of more European battles than any other country. For example, Oudenarde, Ramillies, Ligny, Quatre Bras, Waterloo.
  • Waterloo in Belgium is the war zone of Napoleon Bonaparte’s last battle, the Battle of Waterloo.
  • Belgium was the battleground of many European battles than any other country.
  • Scotland is known as the Land of Cakes.
  • Oxford is known as the City of Dreaming Spires.
  • New York is known as the City of Sky Scrapers.

Additional Information

Human development refers to the psychosocial, physical, and cognitive development of humans. It extends to the entire lifespan of humans. Physical development of humans involves growth and changes in the brain and the body including sense organs, motor skills, health, etc. Psychosocial development involves changes in personality, social relationships, and emotions. Cognitive development involves changes in memory, language, reasoning, creativity, etc.

Key Points

• Development in humans is both qualitative and quantitative.
  • Qualitative change occurs when individual progress and become different from the way they were earlier like the way an individual perceives the world, behave and think.
  • Quantitative change occurs when individuals acquire novel information and experiences like, the individuals become stronger, bigger, gain more weight or height.
  • It is concerned with the overall and progressive changes taking place in an individual including both quantitative as well as qualitative aspects.
  • It is a wide and complex process, thus there are some principles that need to be followed for a better understanding.
  • Sudden changes in development are actually the result of both qualitative and quantitative development.

Hence, it can be concluded that human development is both quantitative and qualitative.

The year 2003 marked the launching of 'Haryali' with the objective of empowering Panchayati Raj Institutions both financially and administratively in the implementation of watershed development programme in the country.

The Neeru-Meeru (Water and You) programme (in Andhra Pradesh) and Arvary Pani Sansad (in Alwar, Rajasthan) have taken up constructions of various water-harvesting structures such as percolation tanks, dug out ponds (Johad), check dams, etc., through people's participation.

Ralegan Siddhi is a small village in the district of Ahmadnagar, Maharashtra. It has become an example for watershed development throughout the country. In 1975, this village was caught in a web of poverty and illicit liquor trade. The transformation took place when a retired army personnel, settled down in the village and took up the task of watershed development. He convinced villagers about the importance of family planning and voluntary labour; preventing open grazing, felling trees, and liquor prohibition.

Tamil Nadu is the first and the only state in India which has made roof top rainwater harvesting structure compulsory to all the houses across the state. There are legal provisions to punish the defaulters.

The first National Water Policy was adopted in September, 1987. It was reviewed and updated in 2002 and later in 2012. The National Water Policy 2002 stipulates water allocation priorities broadly in the following order: drinking water; irrigation, hydro-power, navigation, industrial and other uses. The National Water Policy 2002 stipulates progressive new approaches to water management.

Commercial agriculture, or otherwise known as agribusiness, is a cropping method in which crops or livestock are raised in order to sell the products on the market in order to make money.