GK Test - 24

Mistake Points

• We cannot infer the size of the population from the Population Pyramid. We can only find out its characteristics. Hence option 4 is the correct answer.

Key Points

The population pyramid:

• It is a graphical illustration that shows the distribution of various age groups in a population (typically that of a country or region of the
  world), which forms the shape of a pyramid when the population is growing.
• It is also used in ecology to determine the overall age distribution of a population; an indication of the reproductive capabilities and likelihood of the continuation of a species.
• It mentions percentage-wise distribution within major age groups.
• Dependency ratio:- It is an age-population ratio of those typically not in the labor force (less than 15, and more than 65) and those typically in the labor force (15-65). 
• The shape of the population pyramid indicates the birth rate and death rate. So, we can find whether the population is growing/stable or reducing.  
• The population pyramid explicitly provides the percentages of males and females in all age groups. 
• We cannot infer the size of the population. We can only find out its characteristics.

Key Points

• According to the 2011 Census, Haryana has the lowest child sex ratio (834 per thousand men), while Arunachal Pradesh has the highest (972) among the Indian states.
• The ratio of females to men in the 0–6 age group is known as the child sex ratio.
• India's child sex ratio was 927 in the census of 2001 but dropped to 919 in the census of 2011.

Additional Information

• Child sex ratio in Kerala is 964 and Uttarakhand records child sex ratio in country as 890 as per the 2011 census.

Key Points

• As per the provisional results of Census 2011, with the sex ratio of 943 females per 1000 males.
• The top five states/Union territories which have the highest sex ratio are-
  • Kerela (1,084) 
  • Puducherry (1,038),
  • Tamil Nadu (995),
  • Andhra Pradesh (992) and
  • Chhattisgarh (991).
• The five Union territories which have the lowest sex ratio are:
  • Daman & Diu (618),
  • Dadra & Nagar Haveli (775),
  • Chandigarh (818),
  • NCT of Delhi (866) and
  • Andaman & Nicobar Islands (878).

Key Points

• Literacy level and educational attainment are vital developmental indicators in a developing nation like India as they are key variables of measure of development as they indicate the quality of life, awareness level, and also the level of skill of people in the society.
• Better literacy and educational level definitely have a positive impact on health parameters.
• Education parameters have an equal weightage in the Human Development Index as well.
• Considering the importance of education, India has enacted the Right to Education to ensure free and compulsory education for children in the age group 6- 14 years. 
• As per the Census of 2011, the male and female literacy rates were 82.14% and 65.46%.
• According to the 2011 census, the literacy rate in India is 74.04%.

Additional Information

• Census 2011 was the 15th Census of India and the 7th Census after independence. 8 Census have been conducted prior to independence.
• Census in conducted every 10 years in India. The first Census in India was conducted in the year 1872.
• Census includes the total process of collecting, compiling, analyzing, evaluating, publishing and disseminating statistical data regarding the population and housing and their geographical location.

Key Points

• Puducherry had the highest sex ratio among Union Territories in the 2011 Census, with 1037 females per 1000 males.
• The total population of Puducherry was 1,244,464.
• Puducherry also had a high literacy rate of 85.85%.
• It is one of the most urbanized Union Territories in India.

Additional InformationDadra & Nagar Haveli

• It had a sex ratio of 774 females per 1000 males, which was one of the lowest among Union Territories.
• The total population was 343,709.
• The literacy rate was 76.24%.

Chandigarh

• Chandigarh had a sex ratio of 818 females per 1000 males1.
• The total population was 1,055,450.
• The literacy rate was 86.43%.

Andaman & Nicobar Islands

• It had a sex ratio of 878 females per 1000 males1.
• The total population was 379,944.
• The literacy rate was 86.27%.

Key Points

• The National Population Policy (NPP) of India, which was the central government's second population policy, was formulated in the year 2000.
• The NPP 2000 aimed to address various population-related issues in India, including fertility rates, family planning, maternal and child health, and gender equality.
• It emphasized the need for voluntary and informed choice in family planning, as well as the empowerment of women through education and healthcare.
• The policy aimed to achieve a stable population by 2045.

Additional Information

• Population policies can vary significantly between countries and regions, reflecting their unique demographic challenges, cultural norms, and development priorities.
• These policies are often developed through a combination of research, consultation with experts and stakeholders, and consideration of national and international development goals.

The correct answer is 1921.

• India’s population growth was NEGATIVE in 1921.

Key Points

• India recorded a negative growth rate from 1911 to 1921.
• India recorded a negative growth rate of -0.31 per cent which happened only once throughout the demographic history of India.
• The rate of life expectancy at birth was low before 1921 for both males as well as females.
• The major forces for the decline in the population were famines and epidemics.
• Death from famine, plague, and influenza retarded the population growth of the country.
• From 1901 to 1911 there was an increase in population, the population during this time increased by about 158 lakh.
• The growth rate of the country declined between 1911 and 1921.
• Due to the occurrence of influenza in 1918, the mortality rate of the country increased and caused 140 lakh deaths in the country.

The correct answer is Maharashtra.

• According to the 2011 Census of India, Maharashtra is the second most populous state in the country.
• As per the consensus of India 2011, Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state and Sikkim is the least populous state in India.

Key Points

• According to the provisional results of the 2011 national census, Maharashtra is the second most populous state in India with a population of 112,374,333 (9.28% of India's population).
• The 2011 census for the Maharashtra state found 55% of the population to be rural with 45% being urban-based.
• According to the 2011 census, Hinduism was the principal religion in the state at 79.8 percent of the total population, while Muslims constituted 11.5 percent.
• The sex ratio in Maharashtra was 929 females per 1000 males, which was below the national average of 943.
• The literacy rate rose to 83.2 percent. Of this, male literacy stood at 89.82 percent and female literacy at 75.48 percent.

Additional Information

Census 2011:

• The Indian Census 2011 can be referred to as the seventh census operation after Indian independence.
• The national census 2011 has been published for the 28 states of the country and the seven Union Territories.
• The data of the Indian census 2011 covers all the major aspects of society like population, sex ratio, and literacy percentage as well.

Key Points

Based on the state census report:

• The State Census 2011, the most populated state in India is Uttar Pradesh with a population of 19.96 crores.
• The least populated state in the country is Sikkim with a population of 60, 7688.
• The census of Indian states in 2011 reveals that Kerala is the highest literate state in the country with a 93.91% of literacy rate.
• Bihar is the least literate state with a literacy rate of 63.82%.
• The Indian census 2011 state-wise shows that Kerala represents the highest sex ratio with 1084 females per 1000 males
• Haryana features the lowest sex ratio in India with just 877 women per 1000 males.

Hence, Sikkim has the minimum percentage of the population of India according to o the census 2011.

Key Points

• According to the 2011 census, Himachal Pradesh had the highest female workforce participation rate in rural India at 47.4%. 
• Female workforce participation in India:
• The female workforce participation rate in India was 25.51% in 2011, compared to 53.26% for males. 
• The female workforce participation rate in rural India was higher than in urban India, at 30.02% compared to 53.03% for males. 
• The female workforce participation rate varies across states, with some states having wider gaps than others.
• Women's share is higher than men's in agricultural operations like weeding and transplanting.
• However, women are not considered principal producers in agriculture because they don't have ownership or control over the assets they work on