Psychology Test - 10

The correct answer is client and the Therapist

Key Points

• The special relationship between the client and the therapist is known as the therapeutic relationship or alliance.
• It is neither a passing acquaintance, nor a permanent and lasting relationship. 
   

There are two major components of a therapeutic alliance. 

• The first component is the contractual nature of the relationship in which two willing individuals, the client and the therapist, enter into a partnership which aims at helping the client overcome her/his problems. 
• The second component of therapeutic alliance is the limited duration of the therapy. This alliance lastsuntil the client becomes able to deal with her/his problems and take control of her/his life. 
• This relationship has several unique properties. It is a trusting and confiding relationship.
• The high level of trust enables the client to unburden herself/himself to the therapist and confide her/his psychological and personal problems to the latter. 
• The therapist encourages this by being accepting, empathic, genuine and warm to the client.
• The therapist conveys by her/his words and behaviors that she/he is not judging the client and will continue to show the same positive feelings towards the client even if the client is rude or confides all the wrong things that she/he may have done or thought about. 
• This is the unconditional positive regard which the therapist has for the client

The correct answer is Aversion therapy

Key Points

• Psychotherapy designed to cause a patient to reduce or avoid an undesirable behavior pattern by conditioning the person to associate the behaviour with an undesirable stimulus.
• Aversion therapy is a behavioral therapy technique with the aim of reducing unwanted behavior.
• Aversion therapy works by pairing together the stimulus that can causes deviant behavior (such as an acholic drink or cigarette) with some form of unpleasant (aversive) stimulus such as an electric show or nausea-inducing drug.
• Aversion therapy is based on classical conditioning. According to learning theory, two stimuli become associated when they occur frequently together (pairing).
• Aversion therapy uses the same principle but changes the association and replaces the pleasure with an unpleasant state

The correct answer is ​Make an objective assessment of their beliefs

Key Points

• Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is a  form of counseling and psychological therapy with a focus on understanding how our thoughts affect our behavior.
• It is a psychological treatment that has been demonstrated to be effective for a range of problems including depression, anxiety disorders, alcohol, and drug use problems, marital problems, eating disorders, and severe mental illness.
   

Some of the techniques that are most often used with CBT include the following 9 strategies:

1. Cognitive restructuring or reframing.
2. Guided discovery.
3. Exposure therapy.
4. Journaling and thought records.
5. Activity scheduling and behavior activation.
6. Behavioral experiments.
7. Relaxation and stress reduction techniques.
8. Role playing.

The correct answer is RET

Key Points

• Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) is a type of therapy introduced by Albert Ellis in the 1950s.
• RET is a form of cognitive therapy that focuses on persuading individuals to recognize and change irrational assumptions that underlie their thinking.
• It’s an approach that helps you identify irrational beliefs and negative thought patterns that may lead to emotional or behavioral issues
• Once you’ve identified these patterns, a therapist will help you develop strategies to replace them with more rational thought patterns.

Additional InformationREBT can be particularly helpful for people living with a variety of issues, including:

1. Depression
2. Anxiety
3. Addictive behaviors
4. Phobias
5. Overwhelming feelings of anger, guilt, or rage
6. Procrastination
7. Disordered eating habits
8. Aggression
9. Sleep problems

The correct answer is Relaxation training

Key Points

• Systematic desensitization is an evidence-based therapy approach that combines relaxation techniques with gradual exposure to help you slowly overcome a phobia
• Relaxation training focuses on becoming aware of tension within the mind and body. 
• systematic relaxation methods (such as diaphragmatic breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery) are used to reduce tension and to change the perception of physical pain.
   

Practicing relaxation techniques can have many benefits, such as:

1. Slowing heart rate
2. Lowering blood pressure
3. Slowing breathing rate
4. Improving digestion
5. Controlling blood sugar levels
6. Reducing activity of stress hormones
7. Increasing blood flow to major muscles
8. Reducing muscle tension and chronic pain
9. Improving focus and mood
10. Improving sleep quality
11. Lowering fatigue
12. Reducing anger and frustration
13. Boosting confidence to handle problems

The correct answer is Group therapy

Key Points

• Group therapy is a form of psychotherapy in which one or more therapists treat a small group of clients together as a group.
• The term can legitimately refer to any form of psychotherapy when delivered in a group format, including art therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy or interpersonal therapy, but it is usually applied to psychodynamic group therapy where the group context and group process is explicitly utilized as a mechanism of change by developing, exploring and examining interpersonal relationships within the group.

Psychological approaches vary depending on the theoretical models underpinning them.Psychological interventions can be classified into:

• Behavioral
• cognitive
• psychodynamic
• humanistic
• Systemic
• Motivational
• Disease  
• Social and environmental.
   

Additional Information Some of the benefits of group therapy:

• Camaraderie. One of the most important benefits is learning that there are others like you suffering from the same thing. ...
• Different perspective
• Accountability
• Confidence
• Self-discovery
• Transitions
• Confidentiality

The correct answer is All of the Above

Key PointsAll psychotherapeutic approaches have the following characteristics : 

• There is systematic application of principles underlying the different theories of therapy, 
• persons who have received practical training under expert supervision can practice psychotherapy, and not everybody. 
• An untrained person may unintentionally cause more harm than any good, 
• The therapeutic situation involves a therapist and a client who seeks and receives help for her/his emotional problems (this person is the focus of attention in the therapeutic process),
• The interaction of these two persons — the therapist and the client — results in the consolidation/formation of the therapeutic relationship. This is a confidential, interpersonal, and dynamic relationship. 

The correct answer is Working Through

Key Points

• The repeated process of using confrontation, clarification, and interpretation is known as working through
• Working through helps the patient to understand herself/himself and the source of the problem and to integrate the uncovered material into her/his ego
• The outcome of working through is insight.
• When a therapist and patient follow on from an interpretation exploring the implications while overcoming the resistance in order to enable the client to accept the previously repressed material underlying their symptoms.

The correct answer is The fees (splitting the fees when necessary)

Key Points

• ​Behavioral theory holds that psychological events can be described and explained in terms of observable behavior and its associations with environmental stimuli and occurrences.
• The goal of psychotherapy is not only the dissolution of the symptoms but also to attempt to bring about an improvement in adaptability and deepening the achievement of self-understanding.
• The nature of psychotherapy is based on the relationship between the therapist and patient.
• Such a goal and nature mean that some kinds of psychotherapy are beyond the medical model
• Ethical considerations in psychotherapy are:
  • Competence
  • Privacy and 
  • Confidentiality
  • Informed consent
     

Additional Information

• An example of behaviorism is when teachers reward their class or certain students with a party or special treat at the end of the week for good behavior throughout the week. The same concept is used with punishments. The teacher can take away certain privileges if the student misbehaves.

The correct answer is Positive transference

Key Points

• There is the positive transference in which the client idolizes or falls in love with the therapist, and seeks the therapist’s approval.
• Transference can be a good thing.
• You experience positive transference when you apply enjoyable aspects of your past relationships to your relationship with your therapist. 
• This can have a positive outcome because you see your therapist as caring, wise, and concerned about you.