GATE ME 1. Thermodynamics Chapter Thermodynamics Test

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Thermodynamics Test - 2

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Question 1
2 / -0.33

A balloon containing an ideal gas is initially kept in an evacuated and insulated room. The balloon ruptures and the gas fills up the entire room. Which one of the following statements is TRUE at the end of above process ?

A
The internal energy of the gas decreases from its initial value, but the enthalpy remains constant

B
The internal energy of the gas increases from its initial value, but the enthalpy remains constant

C
Both internal energy and enthalpy of the gas remain constant

D
Both internal energy and enthalpy of the gas increase

Solution

If the balloon containing the ideal gas is initially kept in an evacuated and insulated room. Then if the balloon ruptures and the gas fills up the entire room, the process is known as free or unrestrained expansion.

Now if apply the first law of thermodynamics between the initial and final states.

Q = (u₂− u₁) + W

In this process, no work is done on or by the fluid, since the boundary of the system does not move. No heat flows to or from the fluid since the system is well insulated.

u₂− u₁= 0 ⇒ u₂= u₁

Enthalpy is given as

h = u + Pv

For ideal gases, as we know, internal energy and enthalpy are a function of temperature only, so if internal energy U remains constant, temperature T also remains constant which means enthalpy also remains constant.

So, during the free expansion of an ideal gas, both internal energy and enthalpy remain constant.