Biology Test - 52

The method of bio-piracy is illegal collection of biological sample. Biopiracy is the term used to refer to the use of bio-resources bymultinational companies and other organisations without properauthorisation from the countries and people concerned withoutcompensatory payment.

An important objective of biotechnology in agriculture is to produce pest-resistant varieties of plants. This goal is aimed at reducing the reliance on chemical pesticides and promoting sustainable agricultural practices. By incorporating genetic modifications that confer resistance to pests and diseases, biotechnology helps enhance crop yields while minimizing environmental impacts and ensuring food security. 

Single embryo sac is found in an ovule developing from single megaspore, except the case of polyembryony.

Number of ovules present in an ovary depends on the plant species. Some plants have single ovule in an ovary such as mango, wheat, rice , etc. While some plants have many ovules in an ovary such as Hibisus, pea ,etc.

Hyaline literally means glassy. Hyaline cartilage is known as transparent tissue. It consists of a clear and slightly elastic matrix with fewer fibers. It forms articular surfaces at the joints of long bonds, rings of the trachea, sternal parts of ribs, hyoid apparatus, nasal septum, etc.

The mode of arrangement of sepals and petals in the flower is called aestivation. In valvate aestivation, the sepals or petals are in contact with each other by their margins, without overlapping, e.g. Mustard, Annona, Mimosa.

Tumour of the uncinate process of the pancreas will compress Superior mesenteric artery. 

The superior mesenteric artery passes anterior to the uncinate process. Posteriorly, the uncinate process is related to aorta. The superior mesenteric artery provides blood to the pancreas and parts of the small intestine and large intestine. As a peripheral artery in the body’s circulatory system, it has several branches that send blood to various parts of the GI tract.

The injecting of foreign gene in an animal gives rise to transgenic animal. Transgenic animals are animals that have had a foreign gene deliberately inserted into their genome. Such, animals are most commonly created by micro-injection of DNA into the pronuclei of a fertilized egg which is implanted into the oviduct of a pseudopregnant surrogate mother. 

The racemose inflorescence is identified by the acropetal arrangement of flowers on the peduncle.

Inflorescence refers to the arrangement of group or cluster flowers on a stem.In an acropetal arrangement of flowers, the young flowers and buds are formed at the top of the stalk and the older flowers are formed at the bottom, this type of flowering arrangement pattern is called Racemose inflorescence.

The diagram shown above is Malpighian body or renal corpuscles. The marked part in this is called Podocytes or visceral epithelial cells in Bowman’s capsule in the kidney that warp around capillaries of the glomerules.

M phase or mitosis is the phase where the actual cell division occurs. Mitosis is also called equational division.
During G2 phase DNA synthesis stops but cell synthesis RNA, proteins, etc. for next phase.
Quiescent stage is inactive phase in which non-dividing cells enters.
G1 phase is the interval between mitosis and initiation of DNA replication.