Biology Test - 62

Global water cycle consists of evaporation and precipitation of water. All parts of the hydrosphere (viz, oceans, lakes, rivers, ponds, moist soil) lose water through evaporation.

The water cycle involves the exchange of energy, which leads to temperature changes. When water evaporates, it takes up energy from its surroundings and cools the environment. When it condenses, it releases energy and warms the environment. These heat exchanges influence climate.

Human beings have 22 pairs of the autosomal chromosome and one pair of sex chromosome. Chromosomes display a banded pattern when treated with some stains. The bands are alternating light and dark stripes that appear along the lengths of chromosomes. Banding patterns are used to identify and group the chromosomes as well as diagnose any chromosomal aberrations such as breakage, duplication or translocation.

So, the correct answer is option C.

An allele is a two form of a gene which carries the contrasting characters. In a diploid organism, one that has two copies of each chromosome, two alleles make up the individual's genotype. Two allelic genes are located on two homologous chromosomes.

So, the correct answer is 'Two homologous chromosomes'

Muton is a term coined by Benzer for the smallest mutable site within a cistron. The smallest part of a gene that can be involved in a mutation event; now known to be a single nucleotide pair

Lampbrush chromosomes are a form of meiotic chromosomes occurring in growing oocytes of many animals during the long diplotene period of prophase I of meiosis. They also suggested that described lampbrush karyoptypes can be used for genome identification in oocytes derived from hybrid frogs,

If two opposite alleles come together, one finding morphological expression masking the other, the fact is described as law of Dominance.

Blood Plasma with fibrinogen removed is called Serum.Plasma is 55% of the blood by volume and constitutes 5% of the body weight. Plasma is a pale yellow transparent clear fluid that consists of 90-92% water and 8-10% organic and inorganic substances. Organic substances are mainly plasma proteins viz. albumin, globulin, prothrombin and fibrinogen. Albumins are responsible for the maintenance of osmotic pressure of Blood. Globulins are chief sites for the formation of antibodies; while prothrombin and fibrinogen are essential for the clotting of blood.

An autosome is a chromosome that is not an allosome (i.e., not a sex chromosome). 22 autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes are there and in total 23 pairs of chromosomes are there in humans. Hope it helps!! A mature sperm has 22 autosomes.

Chromosome (1888)

Waldeyer, noted the ability of thread-like structures in the nucleus, stained by the dye fuchsin. He coined the term from “chromo” (colour), and “soma” (body).

Chromosomes are long threads of DNA + proteins (proteins that regulate DNA function), stored in the nucleus of each cell. Autosomal chromosomes allow to transmit from generation to generation the genetic information contained in core of the cells of our body.