Respiration in Plants Test - 3

The scheme of glycolysis was given by GustavEmbden, Otto Meyerhof, and J. Parnas, and is often referred to as the EMP pathway.

Glucose is achieved under anaerobic conditions by sets of reactions where pyruvic acid is converted to carbon dioxide and ethanol.

Glycerol would enter the pathway after being converted to PGAL.

Option ( b)  mitochondrial matrix  is correct answer. 

Explanation:- 

The respiratory enzyme and electron carriers fir the electron carriers for the electron transport system are located within the inner mitochondria membrane. The enzymes for the citric acid cycle (krebs cycle) are located in the matrix.

Citric acid cycle or C_3cycle start with pyruvate and leads to complete oxidation of glucose to carbon dioxide and energy in form of ATP, NADH and FADH₂. At end of citric acid cycle, most of the energy is transferred to NADH and FADH₂.

During anaerobic respiration only two molecules of ATP is produced by each molecules of glucose. So, 19 glucose molecules are required to produce 38 ATP molecules.

ATP is known as energy currency of living cells because energy produced during respiration is stored in form of ATP , which can be utilized for performing different activities.

RQ is equal to number of carbon dioxide molecules produced divided by number of oxygen molecules used during respiration. Here, RQ = 57/80 = 0.71.

In eukaryotic organisms aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen.

Cellular respiration takes place in two steps- Glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle. Glycolysis occurs in cytoplasm of cells and Kreb’s cycle in mitochondria. So, first step of respiration takes place in cytoplasm.

During electron transport chain stage of respiration of complete oxidation of glucose greatest number of ATP is formed from ADP in inner wall of mitochondria.

Most common respiratory substrate is glucose. Glucose get oxidized completely to produce carbon dioxide and water along with ATP molecules.

In glycolysis, glucose undergoes partial oxidation to form two molecules of pyruvic acid.

The metabolic pathway through which the electron passes from one carrier to another, is called the ETS and it is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Fermentation of carbohydrates such as glucose, lactose, sucrose produces lactic acid.
So the correct option is 'Fermentation.'

During citric acid cycle, Succinic acid is converted into Fumaric acid during which FAD + FAD +  molecules is produce that produce 2 ATP molecules.

Respiratory quotient is the ratio of number of carbon dioxide molecules to the number of oxygen molecules during respiration. R.Q is less than one in case of protein

At the end of glycolysis pathway, 2 net ATP molecules at step 6 and step 9 are produced.

In kerb cycle citric acid consists of 6C atoms ,α-ketoglutaric acid consist of 5C atoms, succinic acid consists of 4 C atoms and Acetyl co A consists of 2C atoms,

The inner membrane of mitochondria contains more than 151 different polypeptides and has a very high protein-tophospholipid ratio.

Electron transport process makes direct use of oxygen to produce ATP molecules in respiration process.

Pyruvate produced during Glycolysis is changed into Acetyl Co A for Kreb’s cycle to proceed further to combine with oxaloacetate molecule, a six carbon compound.

Glucose and fructose are phosphorylated to give rise to glucose-6-phosphate by the activity of the enzyme hexokinase.

In kreb cycle only one compound consists of 5 carbon atoms it is α –Ketoglutaric acid .