Reproduction in Organisms Test

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Reproduction in Organisms Test - 1

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Question 1
4 / -1

During binary fission in Amoeba which of the following organelles is duplicated?

A
Plasma membrane

B
Nucleus

C
Contractile vacuole

D
All of these

Solution

In Amoeba, simple (irregular) binary fission occurs and nucleus is duplicated during this process. Binary fission involves mitosis and the resultant offsprings are genetically identical to the parent and to each other.
Question 2
4 / -1

In which of the following plants, vegetative propagation occurs by adventitious buds?

A

B

C

D
None of these

Solution

Bryophyllum (figure b) propogates vegetatively by adventitious leafbuds. Leaves of Bryophyllum carry on photosynthesis, their usual function, but in addition they have the capacity to produce one or more plants from the notches in their margins. It is also observed in Kalanchoe.
Question 3
4 / -1

Refer the given figures and select the correct option.

A
It is a type of parthenogenesis.

B
It is a type of asexual reproduction.

C
The offsprings can also be called as clones.

D
Both (b) and (c).

Solution

The figure represents asexual type of reproduction Offsprings resulting from this type of reproduction are genetically identical to parent, so they can be called clones. Development of an egg (ovum) into a complete individual without fertilization is known as parthenogenesis. It is observed in many invertebrates (rotifers, arthropods), insects bees, wasps) and some birds, etc.
Question 4
4 / -1

Read the following statements about asexual reproduction and select the correct ones.
(i) It involves a single parent.
(ii) It is slower than sexual reproduction.
(iii) It produces progeny that are genetically identical with the parent but not with one another.
(iv) The progeny of asexual reproduction can be termed as clones.

A
(i) and (ii)

B
(ii) and (iii)

C
(i) and (iv)

D
(i), (iii) and (iv)

Solution

When offspring are produced by a single parent with or without the involvement of gamete formation, the reproduction is called asexual. As a result, the offspring that are produced are not only similar to one another but are also the exact copies of their parent. Such a group of morphologically and genetically similar individuals is called clone. Asexual reproduction occurs usually in unicellular organisms, such as monerans, protists, plants and certain animals. It is faster than sexual reproduction.
Question 5
4 / -1

March Column-l with Column-ll and select the correct options from the codes given below.
Codes:
a. A-(iv), B- (i), C-(ii), D-(iii)
b. A-(iii), B- (i), C-(iv), D-(ii)
c. A-(iii), B- (iv), C-(i), D-(ii)
d. A-(iv), B- (ii), C-(i), D-(iii)

A
a

B
b

C
c

D
d

Solution

A. A sponge produces a tough coated dormant cluster of embryonic cells for development in more favourable conditions called Gemmules.
B. Yeast is a unicellular fungus. It reproduces asexually by the formation of spores. During the process of budding in yeast, the parent cell develops a small protuberance which grows in size.
C. Potato: Each eye of potato tuber is a bud which grows into a new potato plant when planted with a portion of the swollen tuber.
D. Offsets are one internode long runners which develop tuft of leaves at the apex. Example: Water hyacinth.
Question 6
4 / -1

Refer the given figures and select the correct option.

A
C and D reproduce by budding that includes nuclear division only.

B
All of these reproduce by the asexual mode of reproduction.

C
B represents multiple fission in an alga.

D
A shows spore formation in a moneran.

Solution

All the organisms shown in the figure reproduce asexually. (A) is Penicillium in which non-motile conidia are produced singly or in chains. Organism (B) is Chlamydomonas in which reproduction occurs by zoospores. In Hydra (C) and yeast (D), asexual reproduction takes place by budding
Question 7
4 / -1

Read the following statements and select the correct ones.
(i) Conidia are the asexual propagules restricted to kingdom fungi.
(ii) A piece of potato tuber having at least one eye (or node) is capable of giving rise to a new plant.
(iii) Ginger propagates vegetatively with the help of its underground roots.
(iv) Fleshy buds which take part in vegetative propagation are called bulbils, present in Dioscorea, Agave, etc.

A
(ii) and (iii)

B
(i) and (iv)

C
(i), (ii) and (iv)

D
(i), (ii) and (iii)

Solution

Ginger propagates vegetatively with the help of rhizome. Rhizomes are main underground stems which store food for perennation during unfavourable conditions These have buds for formation of new aerial shoots during favourable conditions.
Question 8
4 / -1

____________ is a life process that is not essential for an individual's survival but for survival of the species.

A
Growth

B
Reproduction

C
Respiration

D
Nutrition

Solution

Reproduction is a biological process in which an organism produces young ones (offspring) of the same species. It is one of the most important characteristics of the living organisms. Reproduction is essential for the survival of species but not for the survival of individuals.
Question 9
4 / -1

Read the following statements about 'Terror of Bengal' and select the correct ones.
(i) Terror of Bengal' is the name given to water hyacinth (Eichhornia), an algae.
(ii) Eichhornia was introduced in India due to its aesthetic value.
(iii) Eichhornia drains oxygen from the water which leads to death of fishes.

A
(i) and (ii)

B
(i) and (iii)

C
(ii) and (iii)

D
(i), (ii) and (iii)

Solution

Water hyacinth or "Terror of Bengal" is an aquatic plant which is one of the most invading weeds found growing in the standing water. It is also called as "blue devil" as it takes oxygen from the water which causes death of fishes. This plant was introduced in India for its beautiful flowers and shape of leaves. It can propagate vegetatively at a fast rate and spread all over the water body in a short time. It is very difficult to remove it from the water body.
Question 10
4 / -1

Refer the given figures which show three different types of fission. Select the option which correctly matches them with the organism in which they occur.

A
a

B
b

C
c

D
d

Solution

Figure (i) shows longitudinal binary fission in Euglena, (ii) shows transverse binary fission in Paramecium and (iii) shows multiple fission in uncysted Amoeba.
Question 11
4 / -1

Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Many plants are propagated vegetatively even though they bear seeds.
Statement 2: Sweet potatoes multiply vegetatively by root tubers.

A
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.

B
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1.

C
Statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is incorrect.

D
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Solution

Vegetative propagation is the formation of new plants from vegetative units such as buds, tubers, rhizomes, etc. This method produces a large number of population of clones in short time. It preserves purity, resistance and good qualities of race/variety indefinitely. Fleshy roots (root tubers) which develop adventitious buds also take part in vegetative propagation.
Example: Sweet potato.
Question 12
4 / -1

It is a common method of vegetative propagation in which 20 - 30 cm long pieces of one year old stems are cut, their lower ends are dipped in root promoting hormones and are then planted in the soil, which then develop adventitious roots. This method of vegetative propagation is performed

A
All of these

B
Lemon and Orange

C
Begonia and Bryophyllum

D
Rose and Sugarcane

Solution

Stem cutting is one of the most common methods of vegetative plant propagation in which long pieces of plant stems are cut and their lower ends are dipped in hormones which will promote root formation.
∙ These stems are then planted in the soil which develops adventitious roots.
∙ This method of stem cutting can be performed in various plants like rose, sugarcane, lemon, china rose, orange, begonia, tapioca, bryophyllum and many more.
∙ All the above mentioned options can undergo vegetative propagation with the method of stem cutting.
∙ So, the correct option is A.
Question 13
4 / -1

Vegetative propagation is the term used for

A
sexual reproduction in animals

B
sexual reproduction in plants

C
asexual reproduction in animals

D
asexual reproduction in plants

Solution

Vegetative propagation (vegetative reproduction) is the formation of new plants from vegetative units such as buds, tubers, rhizomes, etc. This term is used for asexual reproduction in plants. Plants with reduced power of sexual reproduction, long dormant period of seed or poor viability are multiplied easily through vegetative propagation.
Question 14
4 / -1

'Clones' are individuals that have exactly the same

A
lifespan

B
physiology

C
growth rate

D
genetic makeup

Solution

Clone is population of genetically identical organisms or cells derived from a orignal single organismor cell by asexual reproduction.
Question 15
4 / -1

Which of the following options correctly identities artificial and natural methods of vegetative propagation?

A
a

B
b

C
c

D
d

Solution

Layering is a type of horticultural or artificial method of vegetative propagation in which adventitious roots are induced to develop on a soft stem while it is still attached to the plant. Bulbils are multicellular fleshy buds that take part in natural vegetative propagation.
Example: Oxalis, Agave, pineapple.
Question 16
4 / -1

Which of the following cannot serve as a vegetative propagule?

A
A piece of potato tuber with eyes

B
A middle piece of sugarcane internode

C
A piece of ginger rhizome

D
A marginal piece of Bryophyllum leaf

Solution

New buds arise from node, not from internode, hence a middle piece of sugarcane (internode) cannot serve as a vegetative propagule.
Question 17
4 / -1

Select the mismatched pair of or multiplication.

A
a

B
b

C
c

D
d

Solution

They are non-motile spores produced inside the sporangia. They are generally dispersed by wind and germinate to produce new mycelium.(e.g., Rhizopus, Mucor. etc.) In Chlamydononas and Ulothrix. are formed.
Question 18
4 / -1

Which of the following is not used for vegetative propagation?

A
Bud

B
Bulbil

C
Turion

D
Antherozoid

Solution

In sexually reproducing organisms, the male gamele is called the antherozoid or sperm and the known as the egg or ovum. They are not used for vegitative propagation.
Question 19
4 / -1

Which of the following options shows two plants in which new plantlets arise from the same organ?

A
Dahlia and ginger

B
Potato and sweet potato

C
Dahlia and rose

D
Potato and sugarcane

Solution

New plantlets in potato and sugarcane arise from bud on stem. Tubers have buds over their nodes or eyes. The buds produce new plantlets when a stem tuber or a part of it having a node is placed in the soil. Sugarcane is propagated by planting segments of stems having atleast one node.
Question 20
4 / -1

Which one of the following processes results in the formation of a clone of bacteria?

A
Transformation

B
Transduction

C
Binary fission

D
Conjugation

Solution

In binary fission, the parent organism divides into two halves, each half forming an independent daughters organism. Binary fission involves mitosis. The resultant offspring are genetically identical to the parent and to each other.