Environmental Issues Test

Result

Environmental Issues Test - 4

Score
-
out of -
Rank
-
out of -

TIME Taken - -

SHARING IS CARING

If our Website helped you a little, then kindly spread our voice using Social Networks. Spread our word to your readers, friends, teachers, students & all those close ones who deserve to know what you know now.

Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
4 / -1

The given figures represent two devices A and B used to control air pollution. Identify them and select the correct answer.

A

B

C

D

Solution

Bag filter and scrubber are used to control particulate matter in air pollution.
Question 2
4 / -1

Which of the following is a method used to get rid of particulate matter present in the exhaust from a thermal power plant?

A
Magnetic precipitators

B
Chromatography

C
Electrostatic precipitators

D
Mass spectrometry

Solution

Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are very efficient devices which remove 99 % of particulates present in the industrial and thermal plant exhausts. There are electrode wires and a stage of collecting plates. The collecting plates. The collecting plates wires and a stage of collecting plates. The collecting plates are connected with ground. The electrode wires are provided with several thousand volts electric current. It creates a corona which releases electrons. The electrons attach to the suspended particles and make them negatively charged within a fraction of a second. Air with charged particles passes slowly over collecting plates. The particulate matter settles over them and are removed.
Question 3
4 / -1

Given below is a diagram of electrostatic precipitator identify A, B, C and D and select the correct option.

A
A- Negatively charged wire, B- Negatively charged dust particles, C- Discharge corona, D- collection

B
A- Negatively charged wire, B- Discharge corona, C- Collection plate, D- Negatively charged dust particles

C
A- Positively charged wire, B- Positively charged dust particles, C- Discharge corona, D- Collection plate

D
A-Positively charged wire, B- Discharge corona, C- Collection plate, D- Positively charged dust particles

Solution

The electrostatic precipitator is used to remove air pollution caused by the factories.So, the correct option is 'A- Negatively charged wire, B- Discharge corona, C- Collection plate, D- Negatively charged dust particles'
Question 4
4 / -1

Increased asthmatic attacks in certain seasons are related to

A
eating fruits preserved in tin containers

B
inhalation of seasonal pollen

C
low temperature

D
hot and humid environment

Solution

Pollens are present in air. Excess of pollen are produced in certain seasons which causes allergic reactions in several human beings. The common allergic reactions are asthma, bronchitis and rhinitis.
Question 5
4 / -1

Which of the following statements are correct?
(i) Benzene hexachloride (BHC) is a non-biodegradable pollutant.
(ii) Anthropogenic air pollutants are natural in origin.
(iii) Carbon monoxide is a primary air pollutant.
(iv) Sulphur dioxide causes brown air effect during traffic congestion in cities.

A
(i) and (iii)

B
(i) and (ii)

C
(ii) and (iii)

D
(ii) and (iv)

Solution

Anthropogenic air pollutants are man made pollutants like emissions, burning of fossil fuels, mining, etc. Sulphur dioxide is produced in large quantity during smelting of metallic ores and burning of petroleum and coal in industries and by motor vehicles. It is the cause of acid rain.
Question 6
4 / -1

In India, Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act came into force in the year 1981, but was amended in the year ____ to include ____ as an air pollutant.

A
1990, noise

B
1984, particulate matter

C
1987, PAN

D
1987, noise

Solution

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act 1981 deals with the preservation of air quality and the control of air pollution with a concern for the detrimental effects of air. By an amendment in 1987m noise was also recognised as an air pollutant.
Question 7
4 / -1

Which one of the following statements is incorrect regarding Bhopal gas tragedy?

A
Methyl isocyanate gas leakage took place

B
Thousands of human beings died

C
Radioactive fall out engulfed Bhopal

D
It took place in the night of December 2/3, 1984

Solution

Bhopal gas tragedy, the world's worst industrial catastrophe was not due to radioactive fallout, but it was because of leakage of phosgene and methyl isocyanate gas.
Question 8
4 / -1

Which of the following is the way to control vehicular air-pollution in Indian cities?

A
Use of CNG as fuel

B
Reducing the use of unleaded petrol in the vehicles

C
Reducing the use of catalytic converter in the vehicles

D
All of these

Solution

CNG produces 45% fewer hydrocarbons than gasoline.
Unleaded petrol doesn't produce lead in the atmosphere.
Catalytic converter reduces emissions of three harmful compounds found in car exhaust which are Carbon monoxide (a poisonous gas) Nitrogen oxides (a cause of smog and acid rain) Hydrocarbons (a cause of smog)
Question 9
4 / -1

Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Traffic jams are likely to cause giddiness, exhaustion, reduced vision, etc.
Statement 2: Carbon monoxide from vehicles causes these problems by reducing O₂carrying capacity of haemoglobin.

A
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1

B
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct and statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1

C
Statement 1 is correct and statement 2 in incorrect

D
Both statement 1 and 2 are incorrect

Solution

50% carbon monoxide emissions are from automobiles. Normally CO has a brief residence in atmosphere and gets oxidised to CO_². However, in congested and closed areas it proves quite harmful. Carbon monoxide combines with haemoglobin produces carboxyhaemoglobin of COHb. At 50 ppm, CO converts 7.5 % of haemoglobin into carboxyhaemoglobin with 8 hours. It impairs oxygen transport resulting in giddiness, headache, decreased vision, cardiovascular malfunction and asphxia.
Question 10
4 / -1

Study the following statements regarding acid rain and select the incorrect ones.
(i) Acid rain refers to the rainfall and other forms of precipitation with a pH of less than 5.
(ii) Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen are released from automobile exhausts, industries, power plants, etc.
(iii) These oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, may react with water in the air and form sulphuric acid (H2SO₄) and nitric acid (HNO₃)
(iv) Acid rain has harmful effects on animals and human beings but no characteristic impact on plants.

A
(i) and (iii)

B
(iii) and (iv)

C
(iv) only

D
(ii) only

Solution

Acid rain damages plants by direct effect on foliage and growing point- chlorosis, necrosis, defoliation, dieback. It causes leaching of essential minerals of soil.
Question 11
4 / -1

Chemicals responsible for the Bhopal gas tragedy were

A
CO₂ and CH₄

B
phosgene and methyl isocyanate

C
polychlorinated biphenyls

D
dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane

Solution

The Bhopal disaster or Bhopal gas tragedy was an industrial accident. It happened at a Union Carbide subsidiary pesticide plant in the city of Bhopal, India. On the night of 2-3 December 1984, the plant released approximately 40 tonnes of toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas, exposing more than 500,000 people to toxic gases. The plant in Bhopal where the disaster happened started to produce 'Carbaryl' in 1977. Carbaryl is mainly used as an insecticide. The disaster happened because water entered a tank containing Methyl isocyanate. This caused a chemical reaction which resulted in the buildup of much Carbon dioxide, among other things. The resulting reaction increased the temperature inside the tank to reach over 200 °C (392 °F). The pressure was more than the tank was built to withstand. The tank had valves to control the pressure. These were triggered in an emergency, which reduced the pressure. As a result, large amounts of toxic gases were released into the environment.
Question 12
4 / -1

Which of the following is the most dangerous metal pollutant of automobile exhaust?

A
Cadmium

B
Copper

C
Mercury

D
Lead

Solution

Automobiles burn petroleum inefficiently causing 80% of air pollution and 75% of noise pollution in urban areas. They release hydrocarbons (13.7%), carbon monoxide (77.2%), nitrogen oxides (7.7%), sulphur oxides, ammonia, aldehydes and lead (90% of total lead poisoning). Lead is present in petroleum in the form of Pb(CH₃)₄ and Pb(C₂H₅)₄ as antiknock agent.
Question 13
4 / -1

Acid rains are produced by

A
Excess NO2 and SO2 from burning fossil fuels

B
Excess production of NH₃ by industrial and power plant

C
Excess release of carbon monoxide by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels

D
Excess release of CO₂ by combustion and animal respiration

Solution

Acid rain is caused by large-scale emission of acidic gases into the atmosphere from thermal power plants, industries, and automobiles. The common ones are sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides NO_x, volatile organic carbons VOCs and hydrogen chloride. NO_x is also produced in the atmosphere through lightning. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are changed in the atmosphere into sulphuric acid and nitric acid by combining with oxygen and water.
Question 14
4 / -1

Lichens are the indicators of

A
water pollution

B
air pollution

C
soil pollution

D
all of these

Solution

Lichens are indicators of air pollution, espedav of the concentration of sulphur dioxide in the atmosphere. Air pollutants dissolved in rain water, mainly sulphur dioxide can damage lichens and prevent them born growing. So, lichens are natural indicators of air pollution.
Question 15
4 / -1

Choose the correct sequence of air pollution and its components with the effect it produces

A
chemical factory → NO_₂→ ozone hole

B
automobile exhaust → N_₂O → green house effect

C
heavy industry → CO_₂ → acid rain

D
knox gases → PAN → photochemical smog

Solution

Nitrogen oxides are produced naturally through biological and non-biological activities. Human activity forms nitrogen oxides in combustion process of industries, automobiles, incinerators and nitrogen fertillisers. Nitrogen oxides give rise to photochemical smog.
Question 16
4 / -1

Chlorofluorocarbons are air polluting agents which are produced by

A
diesel trucks

B
jet planes

C
rice fields

D
cellphones

Solution

Chlorofluorocarbons are the chemicals whichare used as refrigerants, propellants and solid plastic foams. The chemicals are released as aerosol by jets flying at high altitudes. Along with nitrogen oxides, chlorofluorocarbons react with ozone of ozonosphere and deplete the same.
Question 17
4 / -1

Peroxyacyl nitrates (PAN) are formed through photo-chemical reactions between

A
sulphur oxides and hydrocarbons

B
nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons

C
nitrogen oxides and O₃

D
CFCI₃ and O₃

Solution

Peroxyacyl nitrate (PAN) is produced due to reaction between NO_X and hydrocarbons under effect of UV-radiation of sunlight.
Question 18
4 / -1

Given below are some differences between primary air pollutants and secondary air pollutants.
Which one of the following is an incorrect difference?

A
a

B
b

C
c

D
d

Solution

Secondary air pollutants are more toxic than primary air pollutants.
Question 19
4 / -1

Which one of the following statements regarding CO gas is correct?

A
It is produced by the complete combustion of fossil fuels.

B
It combines with haemoglobin to form carbamino-haemoglobin.

C
It impairs oxygen transport resulting in giddiness, headache, asphyxia and even death.

D
All of these.

Solution

Carbon monoxide (CO) is produced due to incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, metallurgical operations, automobile emission, cigarette smoking. CO combines with haemoglobin, produces carboxyhaemoglobin which impairs oxygen transport resulting in headache, decreased vision, cardiovascular disease, asphyxia.
Question 20
4 / -1

Select the incorrectly matched pair.

A
World Environment Day - June 5

B
Bhopal Gas Tragedy - Decmber 2/3, 1984

C
Air(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act - 1981

D
Hiroshima Day - August 6, 1950

Solution

Hiroshima Day is on August.