Structural Organisation in Animals Test 24

A number of cells join together to form tissue. Two animal cells are interconnected by desmosomes, through which exchange of materials takes place between two cells.

Monocytes are white blood cells or leucocytes that transform into macrophages to engulf the pathogen entering the body.

Jelly like connective tissue is associated with the umbilical cord. It flexible cord like structure containing blood vessels and attaching a human fetus tot eh placenta during gestation.

The mouth part shown is maxilla.

The lymph is different from blood. It lacks few proteins and RBCs.

Tendonsattach skeletal muscles to bones.

The outer layer of axon of nerve cells is called myelin sheath. Myelin sheath is derived from Schwann cells.

The innermost layer of intestinal wall is called mucosa. Mucosa contain microvilli to increase the surface area for absorption of digested food to transportinto different part of the body.

The haemoglobin content per 100 ml of blood of a normal healthy human adult is 12-14 g. haemoglobin is responsible for transportof oxygen through blood.

The respiratory system consists of a network of trachea, that open through 10 pairs of small holes called spiracles present on the lateral side of the body.

During extreme heat and cold period, frog takes shelter in deep burrows to protect them from extreme heat and cold. This is called as summer sleep (aestivation) and winter sleep (hibernation).

Blood, bone, lymph forms the connective tissue that connects the different parts of the body. Nerve cells are parts of neural system or nervous system that transmit information from one part of the body to others.

Antibodies are formed against any foreign body entering the body. It is formed by plasma cell, globulins that develop resistance against particular type of disease.

Pancreas is called as heterocrine gland becauseit acts as both endocrine and exocrine gland to secrete hormone as well as enzymes.

The muscle present in our thigh is striated and voluntary muscles. They are attached with bone for movement and works on our will.

The label ‘A’ is ocellus.

The digestive system of frog begins from the mouth which opens into the buccal cavity that leads to the oesophagus through pharynx. Oesophagus is a short tube that opens into the stomach which in turn continues as the intestine, rectum and finally opens outside by the cloaca through cloacal aperture.

The cuboidal epithelium is composed of a single layer of cube-like cells found in ducts of glands and tubular parts of nephrons in kidneys and its main functions are secretion and absorption.

The cells lining the blood vessels that includes arteries, veins and capillaries are columnar epithelial tissue which is mainly protective in nature.

Blood plasma is pale yellow in colour due to presence of bilirubin pigment in it. Blood appear red due to presence of hemoglobin in RBC.

Epithelium tissues contain keratin, muscles fibres contain actin and areolar connective tissue contain collagen but melanin is absent in neuron.

In males, genital pouch or chamber lies at the hind end of abdomen bounded dorsally by 9th and 10thterga and ventrally by the 9thsternum. It contains dorsal anus, ventral male genital pore and gonapophysis.

The special venous connection between liver and intestine as well as the kidney and lower parts of the body present in frogs is called renal portal system.

The neuroglial cells which constitute the rest of the neural system protect and support neurons. Neuroglia makes up more than one-half the volume of neural tissue in our body.

Cardiac muscles are found exclusively in heart. It is striated having light and dark band alternately and involuntary in nature.