Body Fluids and Circulation Test 1

Monocytes are phagocytic cells which destroy foreign organisms entering the body .There is no such information that it secretes Heparin, hence option C, turns to be incorrect statement among the following.

Lymph is the fluid present in lymphatic system. Its main function is to return interstitial fluid back to the blood. Interstitial fluid is also called extracellular fluid, which is formed from blood due to various factor such as hydrostatic pressure, osmotic gradients, etc.

• Erythropoiesis comes from the greek word Erythro' meaning red and 'poiesis' meaning 'to make'.It is a process which produces red blood cells.
• It is stimulated by decreased oxygen in circulation, and is detected by the kidneys., which then secrete hormone ' erythropoietin'.
• This hormone stimulates the red blood cell precursors., which then acivte the production of red blood cells in hemopoietic tissues, and this usually occurs in the bone marrow.

• The lymph node is an oval-shaped organ of the lymphatic system, which is widely distributed throughout the body.
• The lymph fluid inside the lymph node contains lymphocytes, a type of WBCs, which continuously recirculates through the lymph nodes and the bloodstream.
• In response to antigens, the lymphocytes in the lymph node make antibodies, which go out of the lymph node into circulation, seek and target pathogens. They also destroy bacteria.

Lymph node is not involved in the formation of RBC. Thus, the correct answer is option (B): 'Forming RBC'.

► Blood has four main components: plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

► Blood has many different functions, including transporting oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and tissues forming blood clots to prevent excess blood loss.

• Acidophils and basophils are not phagocytic in nature.
• Monocytes are also phagocytes but take 7-8 hours to reach at the site of injury.
• Neutrophils, are the most abundant type of white blood cells and form an integral part of the immune system.
• These phagocytes are normally found in the blood stream. However, during the acute phase of inflammation, particularly as a result of bacterial infection, neutrophils leave the vasculature and migrate toward the site of inflammation in a process called chemotaxis.
• They are the predominant cells in pus, accounting for its whitish/yellowish appearance.
• Neutrophils react within an hour of tissue injury and are the hallmark of acute inflammation.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D): Neutrophils 

• Basophils are granulocytes, i.e., they contain large cytoplasmic granules in the cell nucleus and it stores histamine (a vasodilator), a chemical, which is secreted by the cells. When stimulated, it promotes blood flow to tissues.
• Monocytes are a type of WBCs. Monocytes mature in different types of macrophages at different locations.
• Acidophils are more commonly called as eosinophils. They are granulocytes that develop during hematopoiesis in the bone marrow.
• Neutrophils are the most abundant type of WBCs. They are granulocytes which are phagocytic in nature and are able to engulf foreign substances (like bacteria).

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Basically antigens are present on the cell surface.
Your immune system “sees” foreign invaders, like viruses, by looking at antigens produced from the proteins in those viruses. Antigens are often found on the surface of cells. When a virus infects a cell, its proteins get cut up and “displayed” on the surface of the cell for the immune system to see.

Rh factor was discovered by K Landsteiner and A S Wiener (1940) from rabbits immunized with the blood of monkey Macaco, rhesus. It is found in man and rhesus monkey only.

Erythrocytes because its stands for RBC's whereas others are different types of WBC's