Solutions Test 11

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Solutions Test 11

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Question 1
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Only One Option Correct Type
This section contains 17 multiple choice questions. Each question has four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct
Q. Osmosis is involved in one or more processes.
I. Excretion of urine
II. Reverse osmosis
III. Evaporation
IV. Interchange of nutrients and waste products between tissue cells and their surroundings.
Select the correct processes.

A
I and 111

B
I, II and III

C
I, II and IV

D
All of these

Solution

I. Excretion of urine.
II. Reverse osmosis is used in desalination of sea water.
IV. Interchange of nutrients and waste products between tissue cells and their surroundings.
These are the processes involving osmosis.
Question 2
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Osmotic pressure of insulin solution at 298 K is found to be 0.0072 atm at 298 K. Hence, height of water column due to this pressure is (density of mercury = 13.6 g mL^-1)

A
0.76 cm

B
0.70 cm

C
7.44 cm

D
76 cm

Solution

(c) Pressure (due to insulin) = 0.0072 atm
= 0.0072 x 76 cm of Hg
= 0.0072 x 76 x 13.6 cm of Hg column
Height of water column = h cm
∴ p = h x 1 cm of water column
(Density of water = 1 g mL^-1)
∴ h x 1 = 0.0072 x 76 x 13.6 = 7.44 cm
Question 3
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Which has maximum osmotic pressure at temperature T K?

A
100 mL of 1.0 M urea solution

B
300 mL of 1.0 M glucose solution

C
Mixture of 100 mL of 1.0 M urea solution and 300 mL of 1 .0 M glucose solution

D
All of the above are isotonic solutions

Solution
Question 4
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There is formation of Prussian blue when Fe³⁺ reacts with [Fe(CN)₆]^4-. Two solutions as shown are separated by a semipermeable membrane AB. Due to osmosis, there is

A
Blue colour formation in side X

B
Blue colour formation in side Y

C
Blue colour formation in both the sides X and Y

D
No blue colour formation

Solution

Side X (0.1 M) Side Y (0.01 M)
(Concentrated) (Dilute)
There is osmosis of solvent (H₂0) from dilute solution (Y) to concentrated solution (X). There is no osmosis of ions, hence no blue colour formation.
Question 5
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Three solutions of following in water are isothermal conditions as given:
Thus,

A
p₁ > p₂ > P₃

B
p₁ < p₂ < P₃

C
p₂ > p₁ > P₃

D
p₂ > p₃ > P₁

Solution
Question 6
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What will be the ratio of the masses of formalin (HCHO) and glucose (C₆H₁₂0₆) contained in equal volumes of solutions having the same osmotic pressure at the given temperature?

A
1:1

B
1:2

C
1:3

D
1:6

Solution
Question 7
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A solution containing 0.4 g of a non-volatile solute in 0.1 dm³ of the solution exerts an osmotic pressure of 66.66 kPa at 300 K. Thus, molar mass of the solute is

A
150 g mol^-1

B
300 g mol^-1

C
175 g mol^-1

D
168 g mol^-1

Solution
Question 8
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For a dilute aqueous solution, density is 1 .00 g cm³ and g (acceleration due to gravity) is 10.0 ms^-2. Then, osmotic pressure set up at highest of 0.17 m is

A
0.0168 atm

B
1.7x10³Pa

C
Both (a) and (b)

D
None of these

Solution

(c
At a column of height h.
Osm otic pressure π = pgh = density x g x h Density, ρ = 1g cm^-3
Question 9
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Sea water is approximately 0.70 M in NaCI. It can be desalinated by reverse osmosis. For 50% recovery, additional osmotic pressure required (on sea water side) at 298 K is

A
30 atm

B
45 atm

C
68 atm

D
90 atm

Solution
Question 10
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A 5% solution of cane sugar (molar mass = 342 g mol^-1) is isotonic with 1 % of a solution of an unknown non-electrolyte solute at 300 K. The molar mass of unknown solute is (in g mol^-1) [Aieee 2011]

A
136.2

B
171.2

C
68.4

D
34.2

Solution
Question 11
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5.25% solution of a substance is isotonic with a 21 .5% solution of urea (NH₂CONH₂ )by weight of solution in the same solvent at 300 K. If the densities of both the solutions are assumed to be equal to 1.0 g cm^-3 then, molar mass of the substance will be

A
90g mol^-1

B
115g mol^-1

C
105g mol^-1

D
246 g mol^-1

Solution
Question 12
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Freezing point of a biological fluid is - 0.56° C in aqueous solution.K_f (H₂0) = 1 .86° mol^-1 kg. Thus, its osmotic pressure at 310 K is (assume molarity = molality)

A
0.0766 atm

B
7.66 atm

C
0.766 atm

D
0.914 atm

Solution

ΔT_f = molality x K_f
0.56° = molality x 1,86° mol^-1 kg
∴ Molarity = mol kg^-1
or molarity = 0.301 mol L^-1
Also, π = M RT= 0.301 x 0,0821 x 3 1 0 = 7.66 atm
Question 13
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100 mL of a solution containing 0.4 g urea (NH₂CONH₂and 0.9 g of another substance (X ) shows an osmotic pressure of 2.85 atm at 25° C. Molar mass of the substance (X)is

A
180 g mol^-1

B
90g mol^-1

C
60 g mol^-1

D
120 g mol^-1

Solution
Question 14
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A solution containing 1 g of glucose and 1 g of sucrose in 1 L solution is found to be isotonic with a solution containing 2 g of another unknown solute (X) in 1 L solution at 300 K. Thus, molar mass of the solute X is

A
180 g mol^-1

B
342 g mol^-1

C
261 g mol^-1

D
236 g mol^-1

Solution
Question 15
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The vapour pressure of pure benzene at 353 K is 10.0268 x 10⁴ Nm^-2 and that of a solution containing non-volatile solute in benzene is 9.8960 x 10⁴ Nm^-2. (d of benzene = 8.149 x 10² g dm^-3). Thus, osmotic pressure of the solution is

A
4.00 x 10⁵ Nm^-2

B
3.94 x 10⁵ Nm^-2

C
3.94 x 10⁶ Nm^-2

D
4.00 x 10⁶ Nm^-2

Solution
Question 16
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Blood plasma has following composition,
and other ions. What is the osmotic pressure set up at 300 K due to Mg²⁺and ions?

A
0.04926 atm

B
0.2463 atm

C
24.63 atm

D
2.463 atm

Solution
Question 17
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Osmotic pressure of 3% aqueous solution of a non-volatile, non-electrolyte solute A at 25° C is 3.632 atm. Thus, its vapour pressure is ( at 25° C is 23.7 mm) (assume dilute solution)

A
23.64 mm

B
22.15 mm

C
23.42 mm

D
22.76 mm

Solution
Question 18
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Statement Type
This section is based on Statement I and Statement II. Select the correct anser from the codes given below
Q. Statement I : Osmotic pressure of 34.2% sucrose solution at 300 K is 30.0 atm.
Statement II : π = MRT is valid for dilute solution.

A
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I

B
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I

C
Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

D
Statement II is correct but Statement I is incorrect

Solution

But, experimental value is 30.0 atm. This value is much higher than the theoretical value.
It is because (π = mRT) is valid for dilute solution.
Thus, both Statements I and II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I.
Question 19
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Matching List Type
Choices for the correct combination of elements from Column I and Column II are given as options (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which one is correct
Q. Match the terms in Column I with the corresponding definition in Column II and select the answer from the codes given below.

A
a

B
b

C
c

D
d

Solution

(d) As per definition
Thus, (i) → (r), (ii) → (s), (iii) → (q), (iv) → (t), (v) → (p)