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Biology Test 336

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Biology Test 336
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    4 / -1

    What is the primary function of surfactant in the lungs?

    Solution

    Surfactant is a substance that reduces surface tension within the alveoli, preventing them from collapsing during exhalation. This is crucial for maintaining proper lung function and ensuring efficient gas exchange. Surfactant production is especially important in newborns, as it facilitates their first breaths.

     

  • Question 2
    4 / -1

    Now a days it is possible to detect the mutated gene causing cancer by allowing radioactive probe to hybridise its complimentary DNA in a clone of cells, followed by its detection using autoradiography because:

    Solution

    During cancer detection, for the presence of the mutated gene by using the autoradiographic technique, the complementary gene does not bind to the mutated gene, and hence in the photographic film, the gene is not observed, because the probe will not have the complementarity with the mutated gene.

     

  • Question 3
    4 / -1

    In the five-kingdom system of classification proposed by R.H. Whittaker, which kingdom does not include photosynthetic organisms?

    Solution

    The Kingdom Fungi consists of heterotrophic organisms that obtain their nutrients through absorption, and it does not include photosynthetic organisms. Unlike plants, fungi lack chlorophyll and cannot perform photosynthesis. Therefore, Option C is correct.

     

  • Question 4
    4 / -1

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature of archaebacteria that distinguishes them from eubacteria?

    Solution

    Archaebacteria are distinguished from eubacteria by their unique cell membrane lipids, which are composed of branched-chain fatty acids (isoprenoids) and ether linkages rather than the ester linkages found in eubacteria. This unique composition helps archaebacteria to survive in extreme environments. Options A, B, and D do not accurately distinguish archaebacteria from eubacteria, making Option C correct.

     

  • Question 5
    4 / -1

    Which of the following processes in bacteria involves the transfer of genetic material by a bacteriophage?

    Solution

    Transduction is the process by which genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another by a bacteriophage (a virus that infects bacteria). It is a form of horizontal gene transfer distinct from transformation (uptake of naked DNA from the environment) and conjugation (direct transfer of DNA between two bacterial cells through a pilus). Binary fission is a method of asexual reproduction, not genetic exchange, making Option C correct.

     

  • Question 6
    4 / -1

    Which group of algae is known for forming "red tides" that can produce toxins harmful to marine life?

    Solution

    Dinoflagellates are known for their ability to form "red tides," which are algal blooms that can turn the water red and produce toxins harmful to marine life, including fish and shellfish. These toxins can also affect humans who consume contaminated seafood. Diatoms, green algae, and brown algae do not typically cause harmful algal blooms associated with red tides, making Option C correct.

     

  • Question 7
    4 / -1

    The Taq polymerase enzyme is obtained from

    Solution

    Taq polymerase, generally used in PCR is isolated from thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus.

     

  • Question 8
    4 / -1

    Which process involves the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration?

    Solution

    Osmosis is the process that involves the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. It is a type of passive transport that does not require energy.

     

  • Question 9
    4 / -1

    Which of the following is not required for any of the techniques of DNA fingerprinting available at present?

    Solution

    Any small, functional, freely folded domain in which coordination of one or more zinc ions is required to stabilise its structure is known as zinc finger. The zinc finger domains are widely dispersed in eukaryotic genomes and are actively involved in sequence specific binding to DNA/RNA and contribute in protein-protein recognitions.

     

  • Question 10
    4 / -1

    What is the main function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

    Solution

    The main function of chloroplasts in plant cells is to conduct photosynthesis. They capture light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, providing energy for the plant.

     

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