Biology Test 369

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Biology Test 369

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
4 / -1

Which part of the brain regulates the body temperature, hunger and water balance :-

A
Hypothalamus

B
Infundibulum

C
Medulla oblongata

D
Pons veroli

Solution

The part of the brain that regulates body temperature, hunger, and water balance is the Hypothalamus. Here's why:

- Hypothalamus:

- Regulates body temperature by triggering mechanisms like sweating or shivering.

- Controls hunger by responding to hunger hormones and signals.

- Manages water balance by regulating thirst and controlling the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

In summary, the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in maintaining internal balance (homeostasis) within the body, ensuring optimal functioning.
Question 2
4 / -1

Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus show their influence on ______.

A
Thyroid gland

B
Pituitary gland

C
Pancreas

D
Adrenal gland

Solution

The pituitary gland is a tiny organ, the size of a pea, found at the base of the brain. As the “master gland” of the body, it produces many hormones that travel throughout the body, directing certain processes or stimulating other glands to produce other hormones.
Question 3
4 / -1

When sodium and potassium pump is activated, for (a) Na⁺ ion, (b) K⁺ ion are exchanged ?

A
a = one , b= two

B
a = three , b= two

C
a = two, b= four

D
a = one, b= three

Solution

Activation of Sodium-Potassium Pump: When the sodium-potassium pump is activated, it exchanges sodium ions (Na⁺) for potassium ions (K⁺).

Number of Ions Exchanged: The pump exchanges three sodium ions for every two potassium ions.

Specifics: For every cycle of the pump, one ATP molecule is used to pump three sodium ions out of the cell and two potassium ions into the cell.

Ratio: Therefore, the ratio of sodium ions to potassium ions exchanged is 3:2.
Question 4
4 / -1

Mycorrhiza represents

A
symbiotic association between a fungus and liverworts

B
parasitic association between a fungus and an alga

C
parasitic association between a fungus and roots of plants

D
symbiotic association between a fungus and roots of higher plants

Solution

A nutrient depletion zone can develop when there is rapid soil solution uptake, low nutrient concentration, low diffusion rate, or low soil moisture. These conditions are very common; therefore, most plants rely on fungi to facilitate the uptake of minerals from the soil. Mycorrhizae, known as root fungi, form symbiotic associations with plant roots. In these associations, the fungi are actually integrated into the physical structure of the root. The fungi colonize the living root tissue during active plant growth.
Question 5
4 / -1

Which of the following is most important in water cycle?

A
Transpiration through leaves

B
Evaporation from the oceans

C
Percolation of water into the ground

D
Absorption of capillary water by plants

Solution

Evaporation from the oceans is the most important in water cycle, because it comprises of the major part of global water cycle.
Question 6
4 / -1

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.

A
A−(ii), B−(i), C−(iv), D−(iii)

B
A−(iii), B−(i), C−(iv), D−(ii)

C
A−(i), B−(iii), C−(ii), D−(iv)

D
A−(ii), B−(iii), C−(iv), D−(i)

Solution

Standing state is the amount of inorganic nutrients present anytime in the soil/water of ecosystem. Standing crop is the amount of living matter(or biomass) present in unit area of an ecosystem. Gaseous nutrient cycles are rapid and more perfect as compared to sedimentary nutrient cycles. It is because in gaseous cycles, nutrients remain in circulation more or less uniformly, whereas in sedimentary cycles, nutrients get out of circulation and constitute a relatively inactive, less perfect and immobile reservoir on earth's crust.
Question 7
4 / -1

Refer to the given table. If '+' sign has been assigned for beneficial interaction, sign for detrimental interaction and '0' for neutral interaction, identify the type of interaction (i), (ii) and (iii) and select the correct option.

A
a

B
b

C
c

D
d

Solution

In competition, both species are harmed. In predation and parasitism, one species derives benefit and the other one is harmed. Commensalism is an interaction in which one species is benefitted and other one remains unaffected.
Question 8
4 / -1

The type of conservation in which the threatened species are taken out from their natural habitat and placed in special setting where they can be protected and given special care is called

A
in-situ conservation

B
ex - situ conservation

C
Semi-conservative method

D
Sustainable development

Solution

The type of conservation in which threatened species are taken out from their natural habitat and placed in special setting where they can be protected and given special care is called ex-situ conservation which is a type of biodiversity conservation.
Question 9
4 / -1

Which of the following evidences does not favour the Lamarckian concept of inheritance of acquired characters?

A
Lack of pigment in cave-dwelling animals

B
Melanisation in peppered moth

C
Absence of limbs in snakes

D
Presence of webbed toes in aquatic birds

Solution

According to Lamarckism (proposed by Lamarck), whatever characters an individual acquires in its life time due to internal vital force, effect of environment, new needs, use and disuse of organs, they are inherited to next generations. This process continues and after several generations, the variations are accumulated upto such an extent that they give rise to new species. Melanisation in peppered moth favours Darwin's theory of natural selection.
Question 10
4 / -1

Nerve impulses are initiated by nerve fibers only when the membrane shall become more permeable to :-

A
Adrenaline

B
Phosphorus

C
Sodium ions

D
Potassium ions

Solution

Action potentials are generated by special types of voltage-gated ion channels in a cell's plasma membrane. When the channels open (in response to depolarization in transmembrane voltage), they allow an inward flow of sodium ions, which changes the electrochemical gradient, which in turn produces a further rise in the membrane potential. This then causes more channels to open, producing a greater electric current across the cell membrane. The process proceeds until all of the available ion channels are open, resulting in a large upswing in the membrane potential. The rapid influx of sodium ions causes the polarity of the plasma membrane to reverse, and the ion channels then rapidly inactivate. As the sodium channels close, sodium ions can no longer enter the neuron, and then they are actively transported back out of the plasma membrane. Potassium channels are then activated, and there is an outward current of potassium ions, returning the electrochemical gradient to the resting state.

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Biology Test 369

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Biology Test 369

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Question 1

Hypothalamus

Infundibulum

Medulla oblongata

Pons veroli

Solution

Question 2

Thyroid gland

Pituitary gland

Pancreas

Adrenal gland

Solution

Question 3

a = one , b= two

a = three , b= two

a = two, b= four

a = one, b= three

Solution

Question 4

symbiotic association between a fungus and liverworts

parasitic association between a fungus and an alga

parasitic association between a fungus and roots of plants

symbiotic association between a fungus and roots of higher plants

Solution

Question 5

Transpiration through leaves

Evaporation from the oceans

Percolation of water into the ground

Absorption of capillary water by plants

Solution

Question 6

A−(ii), B−(i), C−(iv), D−(iii)

A−(iii), B−(i), C−(iv), D−(ii)

A−(i), B−(iii), C−(ii), D−(iv)

A−(ii), B−(iii), C−(iv), D−(i)

Solution

Question 7

a

b

c

d

Solution

Question 8

in-situ conservation

ex - situ conservation

Semi-conservative method

Sustainable development

Solution

Question 9

Lack of pigment in cave-dwelling animals

Melanisation in peppered moth

Absence of limbs in snakes

Presence of webbed toes in aquatic birds

Solution

Question 10

Adrenaline

Phosphorus

Sodium ions

Potassium ions

Solution

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