Reproduction in Organisms Test

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Reproduction in Organisms Test - 3

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Question 1
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Chromosome number in the daughter cells after meiosis is

A
1/2

B
1/3

C
1/4

D
1/5

Solution

Meiosis is the reductional division in which the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is reduced to half. Meiosis occurs in germ cells.
Question 2
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Identify the wrong pair from the following:

A
Euglena - Binary fission

B
Yeast - Budding

C
Spirogyra -Fragmentation

D
Hydra -Multiple fission

Solution

Hydra reproduces asexually by budding and not by multiple fission.
Question 3
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Read the following statements and select the correct option.

A. Wind-pollinated flowers need to produce more quantity of pollen grains.
B. Seeds from cross-pollinated flowers produce weaker and less healthy plants.

A
'A' is false and 'B' is true.

B
'A' is true and 'B' is false.

C
Both 'A' and 'B' are true.

D
Neither 'A' nor 'B' is true.

Solution

Wind-pollinated plants do not invest in resources that attract pollinating organisms, such as showy flowers, nectar, and scent. Instead, they produce larger quantities of light, dry pollen that can be carried by the wind. Seeds from cross-pollinated flowers show greater vigor and genetic variability as compared to self-pollinated flowers.
Question 4
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Which of the following statements are correct?

A. Tapeworms are hermaphrodites and undergo self fertilisation.
B. Earthworms are hermaphrodites and undergo self fertilisation.
C. Tapeworms are hermaphrodites but undergo cross-fertilisation.
D. Earthworms are hermaphrodites but undergo cross fertilisation.

A
'A' and 'B' only

B
'A' and 'D' only

C
'B' and 'C' only

D
'C' and 'D' only

Solution

Earthworms are hermaphrodites, i.e. they have both male and female sexual organs. Their sex organs grow at opposite ends of their bodies, making it impossible for one worm to fertilise its own eggs. Similarly, tapeworms are hermaphrodites and mostly undergo cross fertilisation. It is only in a few species, that self-fertilisation may occur between two proglottids of the same worm, or within the same proglottid.
Question 5
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What kind of sex-chromosomes are found in male human?

A
only X

B
only Y

C
XX

D
X and Y both

Solution

The sex chromosome of male is XY and that of female is XX.
Question 6
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Which one of the following is involved in the formation of endosperm?

A
Antipodal cell

B
Polar nucleus

C
Synergids

D
Eggcell

Solution

Double fertilisation is a complex fertilisation mechanism of flowering plants (angiosperms). Of the two sperm cells, one sperm fertilises the egg cell, forming a diploid zygote; the other sperm fuses with the two polar nuclei, forming a triploid cell that develops into the endosperm.
Question 7
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Semen is frozen in

A
liquid nitrogen

B
refrigerator

C
ice

D
All of these

Solution

Semen is frozen in liquid nitrogen. The temperature of liquid nitrogen is -196^oC. The semen is collected and analysed for concentration and total numbers, morphology (normal structure), and motility of sperms.
Question 8
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Which of the following statements are correct for MTPs?

(i) MTPs are generally advised during the first trimester.
(ii) MTPs are used as a contraceptive method.
(iii) MTPs are always surgical.
(iv) MTPs require the assistance of qualified medical personnel.

A
(i) and (iii)

B
(ii) and (iii)

C
(i) and (iv)

D
(i) and (ii)

Solution

Medical termination of pregnancy is legally allowed till 20^th week of gestation and it should be carried out under medical supervision.
Question 9
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Test tube baby means

A
that fertilisation is external and the subsequent development of zygote is external

B
that fertilisation is internal and the subsequent development of zygote is external

C
that fertilisation is external and the subsequent development of zygote is internal

D
that fertilisation is internal and the subsequent development of zygote is internal

Solution

Test tube baby or in vitro fertilisation is the most effective type of assisted reproductive technology. In this, the egg is fertilised outside the body of the female and then the fertilised egg is implanted in the uterus.
Question 10
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The ovum passes down the oviduct by the

A
ciliary movements of the oviduct

B
flagellar movements of the oviduct

C
peristaltic movements of the oviduct muscles

D
Both (1) and (3)

Solution

The fallopian tube is a muscular tube with an average length of about 11–12 cm. The ovum is pushed through the oviduct by peristaltic contractions of oviduct muscles and action of cilia.
Question 11
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What do you call the pollination performed by bats?

A
Entomophily

B
Ornithophily

C
Chiropterophily

D
Hydrophily

Solution

Pollination performed by bats is chiropterophily. The flowers tend to be large and showy, white or light coloured, open at night and have strong odour.
Question 12
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The propagation of plants by tissue culture technique is becoming popular because

A
the plants produced have uniform growth and are disease resistant

B
most plants respond to this technique

C
variability can be increased

D
it is the simplest technique

Solution

Advantages of Tissue culture: In a limited time, unlimited number of plants can be produced.
All plants are identical and the plants produced are disease-free.
Plants of commercial use are propagated by tissue culture.
Question 13
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Why is grafting not possible in monocots?

A
As they lack cambium

B
As they are herbaceous

C
As they have scattered vascular bundles

D
As they have parallel venation

Solution

Key to success in any grafting is to connect the cambium of the scion with the cambium of the root stock.
Monocots lack cambium in the vascular bundle in between xylem and phloem. Hence, grafting is not possible in monocots.
Question 14
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Which of the following is a correct way of sowing leaf and stem cuttings of a plant?

A
Vertically with morphological apical end upwards

B
Vertically with morphological basal end upwards

C
Laterally with morphological upper side upwards

D
Laterally with morphological lower side upwards

Solution

While planting a stem cutting, care should be taken that it is sown in a vertical position. The apical end should be upwards so that the plant grows upwards driven by apical meristem cells.
Question 15
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Out of four slides A, B, C and D shown below, which one should be focused under the microscope to show budding in yeast?

A
(A)

B
(B)

C
(C)

D
(D)

Solution

In budding, the new individual arises as an outgrowth (bud) from the parent. A bulge-like projection (called bud) arises due to repeated cell divisions on the parent body at a specific site. This is shown in figure C.
Question 16
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Directions For Questions

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Refer to the above figure and choose the incorrect option.

A
A: Site for fertilization

B
B: Enables passage of egg from ovary to uterus

C
C: Produce esterogen

D
A: Muscular structure

Solution

A is uterus. Fertilization does not take place here. Fertilization takes place in Fallopian tubes.
Question 17
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Directions For Questions

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Refer to the above flow chart and choose the incorrect option.

A
Delivery takes place after C is developed

B
B is a bi-nucleate structure

C
A is formed by many mitotic divisions

D
Implantation of A takes place in the wall of uterus

Solution

B is zygote formed by fusion of male and female gamete. During zygote formation, gametes fuse to form only one nucleus.
Question 18
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Directions For Questions

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Refer to the above flow chart and choose the incorrect option.

A
A: Suspended dual chambered sack of skin

B
B: Produces testosterone

C
C: Produced in testes

D
D: Used for insemination

Solution

C is semen. It is not produced in testes but in other glands associated with male reproductive system.
Question 19
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Directions For Questions

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Refer to the above figure and choose the correct answer.

a. This process is seen in alga called Spirogyra
b. Accidental breaking leads to this phenomenon
c. It produces genetic diversity
d. The organisms produced are not affected by changing environments

A
a, b and c

B
c and d

C
a and b

D
All are correct

Solution

The method shown in figure is fragmentation. It is seen in alga called Spirogyra which is shown in the figure. Due to accidental breaking, many fragments are formed and each fragment develops into individual colony.
Question 20
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Directions For Questions

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Refer to the above flow chart and choose the incorrect option.

A
A: A single egg is produced at a time

B
B: Water is essential

C
C: Hard Protective layers on zygote

D
D: Seen in moths, frogs and hen

Solution

C is vivipary because the development of baby takes place inside the body. The zygote do not require hard protective layer in viviparous animals.