Sources of Energy Test - 2

There are some properties of infrared radiations such as
(i) Heat from the sun is transferred in the form of infrared radiations.
(ii) All hot bodies emit infrared radiations.
(iii) They heat up any body that comes in their path.
(iv) One-third of sunrays is composed of infrared radiations.
Thus, options (1), (2) and (4) are properties of infrared radiations. But UV rays are not infrared rays. They are not absorbed by ozone layer in the atmosphere. Therefore, option (3) is not true about infrared radiations.

The minimum energy density, which is required for full harnessing of ocean wave energy, is 40 MW/km of coastline.

A typical and standard solar cell develops a voltage of 0.5 – 1 V and can produce 0.7 W of electricity. 

Charcoal is a lightweight black carbon residue produced by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and plant materials. Charcoal is usually produced by slow pyrolysis — the heating of wood or other organic materials in the absence of oxygen. This process is called charcoal burning. The finished charcoal consists largely of carbon.
The advantage of burning charcoal compared to burning wood is the absence of water and other components. This allows charcoal to burn at higher temperatures, and give off very little smoke.

Vegetation that gets submerged and rots under anaerobic conditions produces a large amount of methane gas.

These are a few disadvantages of constructing dams:

• Dams can be constructed only in a limited number of places, preferably in hilly terrains.
• Large areas of agricultural land and human habitation are to be sacrificed.
• Large ecosystems are destroyed when submerged under the water in dams.
• Release of large amounts of methane, due to submerged vegetation, which increases greenhouse effect
• Problem of rehabilitation of displaced people
• It destroys the habitat of wild animals.

Nuclear fission reaction involves the splitting of a big atom into smaller atoms with a tremendous release of energy.

Following are the chief limitations of energy gained from the ocean:

(i) It is effective only in coastal areas.
(ii) It lacks technological advancements to explore.
(iii) It is a very costly project.

India is the 7^th largest producer of hydroelectric power in the world. As of 30 April 2017, India's installed utility-scale hydroelectric capacity was 44,594 MW, or 13.5% of its total utility power generation capacity.

Uranium-235 is an isotope of uranium making up about 0.72% of natural uranium. Unlike the predominant isotope uranium-238, it is fissile, i.e. it can sustain a fission chain reaction. It is the only fissile isotope that is a primordial nuclide or found in significant quantity in nature.