Acids, Bases And Salts Test

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Acids, Bases And Salts Test - 3

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1

1 / -0

In the table given below, match the bases in the first column with their applications mentioned in the second column.

(A) Calcium hydroxide	(i) Antacid
(B) Ammonium hydroxide	(ii) Soap
(C) Sodium hydroxide	(iii) Whitewash
(D) Magnesium hydroxide	(iv) Window cleaner

(A) - (ii), (B) - (i), (C) - (iv), (D) - (iii)

(A) - (iii), (B) - (ii), (C) - (iv), (D) - (i)

(A) - (ii), (B) - (iv), (C) - (iii), (D) - (i)

(A) - (iii), (B) - (iv), (C) - (ii), (D) - (i)

Solution

(A) Calcium hydroxide (Limewater)	(iii) Whitewash
(B) Ammonium hydroxide	(iv) Window cleaner
(C) Sodium hydroxide	(ii) Soap
(D) Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of magnesia)	(i) Antacid

Question 2
1 / -0

The solution of a strong acid is mixed with an equal amount of a solution of a strong base. The resultant mixture is then tested with a neutral litmus paper. What will be the colour change observed in the litmus paper?

A
Red

B
Blue

C
Colourless

D
Purple

Solution

The resultant mixture will be the solution of a neutral salt in water.
Neutral litmus paper, if used, turns purple in a neutral solution.
However, if red or blue litmus paper is used, they show no change in a neutral solution.
Question 3
1 / -0

If pH of a solution is 1.5, then what is the nature of the solution?

A
Highly basic

B
Weakly basic

C
Highly acidic

D
Weakly acidic

Solution

The acidic character increases as the pH value decreases from 7 to 0. Thus, the solution having pH value of 1.5 is highly acidic.
Question 4
1 / -0

In which of the following solutions will a strip of cloth, soaked in onion juice, lose its odour when added to it?

A
Conc. HCl

B
Dil. NaOH

C
Conc. H₂SO₄

D
Dil. HNO₃

Solution

Onion is an olfactory indicator, which loses its odour in the basic media.
Thus, when added to the dil. solution of sodium hydroxide(NaOH) the strip of a cloth soaked in onion juice will lose its odour.
Question 5
1 / -0

Although salts are formed as a product of neutralisation reactions between an acid and a base, yet every salt solution is not neutral. In light of the given information, predict the correct option regarding the colour change shown by an aqueous solution of Fe₂(SO₄)₃ with different indicators.

A
Blue litmus turns red.

B
Red litmus turns blue.

C
Phenolphthalein solution turns pink.

D
Methyl orange solution turns yellow.

Solution

Ferric sulphate is an acidic salt formed by the neutralisation reaction between a strong acid (H₂SO₄) and a weak base {Fe(OH)₃}.

The aqueous solution of this salt will have pH less than 7, will turn blue litmus red and remain colourless with phenolphthalein.
With methyl orange indicator, the solution will turn pink.
Hence, only option (1) is correct.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following oxides, when dissolved in water, gives a solution which turns blue litmus red?

A
MgO

B
CaO

C
CO₂

D
CuO

Solution

CO₂ is an acidic oxide and dissolves in water to form carbonic acid.
Hence, its solution in water will turn the blue litmus red.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following statements are correct about an aqueous solution of an acid or a base having equal concentrations?

(i) Higher the pH, stronger the acid. (For pH < 7)
(ii) Higher the pH, weaker the acid. (For pH < 7)
(iii) Lower the pH, stronger the base. (For pH > 7)
(iv) Lower the pH, weaker the base. (For pH > 7)

A
(i) and (iii) only

B
(ii) and (iii) only

C
(i) and (iv) only

D
(ii) and (iv) only

Solution

For pH < 7, higher value of pH indicates a lower concentration of H⁺ ions. Hence, the higher the pH, the weaker the acid.
For pH > 7, lower value of pH indicates a higher concentration of H⁺ ions and lower concentration of OH^- ions. Hence, the lower the pH, the weaker the base.
Question 8
1 / -0

The correctly matched pairs are:

I. Caustic soda - Sodium thiosulphate
II. Lime - Sodium hydroxide
III. Washing soda - Sodium carbonate
IV. Baking soda - Sodium bicarbonate

A
I, II and III

B
III and IV

C
II and III

D
I and II

Solution

The correct match for the common names of the mentioned substances with their chemical names is:
I. Caustic soda - Sodium hydroxide
II. Lime - Calcium oxide
III. Washing soda - Sodium carbonate
IV. Baking soda - Sodium bicarbonate
Question 9
1 / -0

Directions: Read the following passage and select the option that correctly fills the blanks in the given statements.

Milk is slightly acidic because it contains __(i)__, which is a __(ii)__ ion donor. When milk turns sour, __(iii)__ is converted to __(i)__. During summer, the milkman adds __(iv)__ to the milk, which makes it slightly __(v)__ and delays the process of souring of the milk.

A
hydrogen - (i), lactic acid - (ii), lactose sugar - (iii), sodium bicarbonate - (iv), basic - (v)

B
lactic acid - (i), hydrogen - (ii), sodium bicarbonate - (iii), lactose sugar - (iv), basic - (v)

C
lactic acid - (i), hydrogen - (ii), lactose sugar - (iii), sodium bicarbonate - (iv), basic - (v)

D
lactose sugar - (i), lactic acid - (ii), hydrogen - (iii), lactose sugar - (iv), sodium bicarbonate - (v)

Solution

Milk is slightly acidic because it contains lactic acid, which is a hydrogen ion donor. When milk turns sour, lactose sugar is converted to lactic acid. During summer, the milkman adds sodium bicarbonate to the milk, which makes it slightly basic and delays the process of souring of the milk.

Unsoured milk has lactose sugar and a small amount of lactic acid, which is a hydrogen ion donor. That is why, the pH of milk is 6.5 to 6.7, which makes it slightly acidic.
When milk turns sour, the lactose sugar is converted to lactic acid.
However, addition of a base like NaHCO₃ delays the souring of milk.
Question 10
1 / -0

Analyse the given statements:

A. All acids are sour to taste.
B. All bases are bitter to taste.
C. Acids are electrolytes.
D. All acids are highly corrosive.

Which of the following options is the correct analysis of the statements?

A
A - False, B - False, C - True, D - True

B
A - True, B - False, C - False, D - True

C
A - True, B - True, C - True, D - False

D
A - True, B - False, C - True, D - True

Solution

Only statement D is incorrect.
All acids are electrolytes and dissociate in water to produce H⁺ ions.
Strong acids are strong electrolytes and are highly corrosive.
However, there are mild acids, which are weak electrolytes and are non-corrosive.
Organic acids are mild and non-corrosive and even edible.
Question 11
1 / -0

Analyse the two statements given below and select the correct option.

Statement I: Acids are sour and bases are bitter; hence, they can be tested by tasting.
Statement II: All acids and bases are strong electrolytes.

A
Both statements I and II are correct and statement II is the correct reason for I.

B
Both statements I and II are correct, but statement II is not the correct reason for I.

C
Statement I is correct, but statement II is incorrect.

D
Both statements I and II are incorrect.

Solution

Though acids are sour and bases are bitter to taste, we must never test them by tasting.
Besides, strong acids and bases are highly corrosive. Hence, statement I is incorrect.
There exist strong and weak acids and bases which are strong and weak electrolytes, respectively.
Hence, statement II is also incorrect.
Question 12
1 / -0

Which of the following will not conduct electricity when dissolved in water?

A
O₂

B
CO₂

C
SiO₂

D
HNO₃

Solution

The solubility of O₂ in water is low. Moreover, dissolution of this gas will not cause the water to ionise.
Hence, the solution of O₂ in water will not conduct electricity.
HNO₃is a strong acid and a strong electrolyte. It dissociates in water to form ions which act as charge carriers.
Hence, an aqueous solution of HNO₃ will conduct electricity.
CO₂ and SiO₂are non-metallic oxides and will dissolve in water to form acids.
Hence, solutions of these oxides will conduct electricity.
Question 13
1 / -0

When zinc reacts with dilute sulphuric acid, which of the following are the products?

A
Acid and salt

B
Acid and gas

C
Gas and base

D
Salt and gas

Solution

Metals, like zinc, that are more electropositive than hydrogen react with acids to produce salt and H₂ gas.
Question 14
1 / -0

Observe the following flow chart, in context of the reactions of HCl with P, Q and R.

'Z' is a gas that turns lime water milky.
'X' is a gas that burns with a pop sound.
'Y' is an aqueous solution that turns the universal indicator green.

Select the correct option that qualifies as P, Q and R.

A
Na₂CO₃- P, Zn - Q, NH₄OH - R

B
NaHCO₃- P, Mg - Q, NH₄OH - R

C
Na₂CO₃ - P, Mg - Q, NaOH - R

D
NaHCO₃ - P, Cu - Q, NaOH - R

Solution

'P' has to be a carbonate or bicarbonate as it produces CO₂(Z) with HCl which turns lime water milky.
'Q' is a metal more reactive than hydrogen which liberates H₂ gas (X) which burns with a pop sound.
'R' has to be a strong base which reacts with HCl to form a neutral salt (Y) the solution of which turns the universal indicator green.
Hence, the correct answer is: Na₂CO₃ - P, Mg - Q, NaOH - R.

Question 15

1 / -0

Refer to the dichotomous key and select the option that correctly represents A, B, C, D and E.

I. (i) Olfactory indicator Go to II
(ii) Visual indicator Go to III
II. (i) A vegetable used to make curries
(ii) A flavouring agent for ice creams
III. (i) Of natural origin Go to IV
(ii) Turns yellow with bases
IV. (i) Turns green with bases
(ii) Turns blue with bases

Onion - A, Garlic - B, Phenolphthalein - C, Litmus - D, China rose - E

Onion - A, Vanilla - B, Methyl orange - C, China rose - D, Litmus - E

Onion - A, Vanilla - B, Methyl orange - C, Litmus - D, China rose - E

Garlic - A, Onion - B, Phenolphthalein - C, China rose - D, Litmus - E

Solution

Identification	Type of Indicator	Property Mentioned
A is Onion.	Olfactory	A vegetable used to make curries
B is Vanilla.	Olfactory	A flavouring agent in ice creams
C is Methyl orange.	Synthetic	Turns yellow with bases
D is China rose.	Natural	Turns green with bases
E is litmus	natural indicator	blue with bases

Question 16
1 / -0

A student took four different solutions in four different test tubes, as shown below, and added a few drops of methyl orange indicator to each solution.

Which of the following observations is correct?

A
The colour of the solution in test tube 'a' turns blue.

B
The colour of the solution in test tube 'b' turns red.

C
The colour of the solution in test tube 'c' turns black.

D
The colour of the solution in test tube 'd' turns green.

Solution

Methyl orange is a synthetic indicator which gives yellow colour with bases and red colour with acids.
The colour of the solution in test tube 'a' turns yellow because it contains a base.
All the other test tubes contain acids and the colour of solutions in them will turn red with methyl orange indicator.
Question 17
1 / -0

Observe the given diagram and select the option which correctly names W, X, Y and Z:

A
Sulphuric acid - W, Acetic acid - X, Hydrochloric acid - Y, Nitric acid - Z

B
Sodium hydroxide - W, Potassium hydroxide - X, Ammonium hydroxide - Y, Copper hydroxide - Z

C
Sodium chloride - W, Calcium carbonate - X, Silver chloride - Y, Sodium nitrate - Z

D
Sodium hydroxide - W, Sulphuric acid - X, Potassium hydroxide - Y, Sodium chloride - Z

Solution

Sodium hydroxide - W, Sulphuric acid - X, Potassium hydroxide - Y and Sodium chloride - Z are strong electrolytes and dissociate completely to furnish ions in their aqueous solutions.
Question 18
1 / -0

The acidity of soil can be controlled by the addition of

A
CaO

B
NaOH

C
KOH

D
Mg(OH)₂

Solution

Quicklime or CaO is the base added to the soil to neutralise the excess of acid in it.
It dissolves in water to form Ca(OH)₂.
Question 19
1 / -0

pH = ____ is called pH scale.

A
-log [H⁺]

B
-log [H^-]

C
-log [H²]

D
-log [H]

Solution

In chemistry, pH is a numeric scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. It is approximately the negative of the logarithm to base 10 of the molar concentration, measured in units of moles per litre, of hydrogen ions.
pH = -log [H⁺]
Question 20
1 / -0

If few drops of phenolphthalein indicator are added to washing soda solution, then it will show

A
pink colour

B
yellow colour

C
green colour

D
orange colour

Solution

Washing soda is a base. Phenolphthalein indicator turns pink in basic medium.

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Acids, Bases And Salts Test - 3

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Acids, Bases And Salts Test - 3

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Question 1

(A) - (ii), (B) - (i), (C) - (iv), (D) - (iii)

(A) - (iii), (B) - (ii), (C) - (iv), (D) - (i)

(A) - (ii), (B) - (iv), (C) - (iii), (D) - (i)

(A) - (iii), (B) - (iv), (C) - (ii), (D) - (i)

Solution

Question 2

Red

Blue

Colourless

Purple

Solution

Question 3

Highly basic

Weakly basic

Highly acidic

Weakly acidic

Solution

Question 4

Conc. HCl

Dil. NaOH

Conc. H2SO4

Dil. HNO3

Solution

Question 5

Blue litmus turns red.

Red litmus turns blue.

Phenolphthalein solution turns pink.

Methyl orange solution turns yellow.

Solution

Question 6

MgO

CaO

CO2

CuO

Solution

Question 7

(i) and (iii) only

(ii) and (iii) only

(i) and (iv) only

(ii) and (iv) only

Solution

Question 8

I, II and III

III and IV

II and III

I and II

Solution

Question 9

hydrogen - (i), lactic acid - (ii), lactose sugar - (iii), sodium bicarbonate - (iv), basic - (v)

lactic acid - (i), hydrogen - (ii), sodium bicarbonate - (iii), lactose sugar - (iv), basic - (v)

lactic acid - (i), hydrogen - (ii), lactose sugar - (iii), sodium bicarbonate - (iv), basic - (v)

lactose sugar - (i), lactic acid - (ii), hydrogen - (iii), lactose sugar - (iv), sodium bicarbonate - (v)

Solution

Question 10

A - False, B - False, C - True, D - True

A - True, B - False, C - False, D - True

A - True, B - True, C - True, D - False

A - True, B - False, C - True, D - True

Solution

Question 11

Both statements I and II are correct and statement II is the correct reason for I.

Both statements I and II are correct, but statement II is not the correct reason for I.

Statement I is correct, but statement II is incorrect.

Both statements I and II are incorrect.

Solution

Question 12

O2

CO2

SiO2

HNO3

Solution

Conc. H₂SO₄

Dil. HNO₃

CO₂

O₂

CO₂

SiO₂

HNO₃

Na₂CO₃- P, Zn - Q, NH₄OH - R

NaHCO₃- P, Mg - Q, NH₄OH - R

Na₂CO₃ - P, Mg - Q, NaOH - R

NaHCO₃ - P, Cu - Q, NaOH - R

Mg(OH)₂

-log [H⁺]

-log [H^-]

-log [H²]