Materials Metals And Non-Metals Test

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Materials Metals And Non-Metals Test - 8

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1

1 / -0

Match the metals in the first column with their applications in the second column and the properties exploited in the third column:

Metal	Application	Properties exploited
A. Gold (Au)	I. Making aircraft	(i) Lustre, low reactivity
B. Aluminium (Al)	II. Jewellery	(ii) Conductivity
C. Iron (Fe)	III. Electric circuits	(iii) Low density
D. Copper (Cu)	IV. Making automobiles	(iv) High tensile strength

Choose the correct match from the following:

(1)	A, II, (iv)	B, I, (i)	C, IV, (ii)	D, III, (iii)
(2)	A, II, (i)	B, I, (iii)	C, IV, (iv)	D, III, (ii)
(3)	A, III, (i)	B, II, (ii)	C, I, (iii)	D, IV, (iv)
(4)	A, IV, (i)	B, III, (iv)	C, II, (ii)	D, I, (iii)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Solution

The correct match is:

(2)

A, II, (i)

B, I, (iii)

C, IV, (iv)

D, III, (ii)

Question 2

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Observe the following diagram:

In an activity to test the electrical conductivity of different substances, they were placed across the gap 'AB' in the circuit and the following observations were recorded.

I. Sulphur	Bulb lights up.
II. Graphite	Bulb lights up.
III. Copper block	Bulb lights up.
IV. Diamond	Bulb does not light up.
V. Gold	Bulb does not light up.
VI. Silver	Bulb does not light up.
V. Iron	Bulb lights up.

Which of the above observations is/are incorrect?

Only II, V and VI

Only VI

Only I, V and VI

Only V and VI

Solution

Observation I is incorrect as sulphur, a non-metal, is a non-conductor of electricity and the bulb will not light up when it is placed across the gap in the electric circuit.
Observations V and VI are incorrect as both gold and silver are good conductors of electricity and will complete the circuit by carrying the current across the gap, which would light up the bulb.

Question 3
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In an activity to study the reaction of metals with acid, 20 ml of dilute sulphuric acid is taken in two test tubes. (Both the tubes should contain equal amounts and equal strengths of acid). 5 g of magnesium is taken in test tube A and 5 g of aluminium is taken in test tube B, and thermometers are placed in both the tubes.

Which of the following statements about the observations made is/are correct?

I. Both the reactions are exothermic and an increase in temperature is observed in both the test tubes.
II. Only the reaction with magnesium is exothermic and an increase in temperature is observed.
III. Both the reactions are exothermic, but the increase in temperature observed in test tube A is more.
IV. Both the reactions are exothermic, but the increase in temperature observed in test tube B is more.

A
Only I and III

B
Only II

C
Only I and IV

D
Only I

Solution

Both magnesium and aluminium are more reactive than hydrogen and will displace it from the acid to release hydrogen gas.
The reaction is exothermic in both the cases.
However, magnesium is a more electropositive element than aluminium and hence, it is a more reactive metal.
Thus, the reaction of Mg with acid is more vigorous and the heat released is also more.

Question 4

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Arrange metals A, B and C according to their order of reactivity.

Metal	Salt solution of A	Salt solution of B	Salt solution of C
A		No reaction	No reaction
B	Displacement reaction		Displacement reaction
C	Displacement reaction	No reaction

A > B > C

A < C < B

A < B < C

B < A < C

Solution

Since metal B can displace both metals A and C from their respective solutions, it is the most reactive.
Also, the metal A cannot displace metals B or C from their solutions, hence, it is the least reactive.
The increasing order of reactivity of the given metals is:
A < C < B

Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following reactions cannot occur?

I. Cu(s) + 2HCl(aq) CuCl₂(aq) + H₂
II. 2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) 2AlCl₃(aq) + 3H₂
III. Pb(s) + H₂SO₄(aq) PbSO₄(aq) + H₂(g)
IV. Cu(s) + MgSO₄(aq) CuSO₄(aq) + Mg(s)

A
Only I and III

B
Only I and II

C
Only I and IV

D
Only II and IV

Solution

The reactions I and IV cannot occur because Cu is less reactive than hydrogen as well as magnesium. Hence, it cannot displace these elements from the solutions of their compounds.
Question 6
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The most reactive metal and non-metal, respectively, are

A
Li and Cl

B
F and Br

C
Cs and F

D
Fe and I

Solution

Alkali metals that lie on the extreme left of the periodic table and halogens that lie on the extreme right of the periodic table are the most reactive elements in the entire periodic table. As we go down the group of alkali metals, the reactivity increases and hence, Cs is the most reactive metal.
On moving down the group of halogens, the reactivity decreases and hence, F is the most reactive halogen.
Therefore, Cs (among metals) and F (among non-metals) are the most reactive elements in the entire periodic table.
Question 7
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Which two of the following metals react violently with cold water?

A
Potassium and sodium

B
Potassium and aluminium

C
Sodium and copper

D
Magnesium and sodium

Solution

Potassium and sodium are highly electropositive metals and react vigorously even with cold water to form hydrogen gas. The reaction is highly exothermic and the hydrogen evolved acquires its ignition temperature and catches fire causing a small explosion.
Question 8
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Which two of the following elements dissolve in water to form hydroxides known as alkalies?

A
Li and Na

B
Fe and Ni

C
C and N

D
Cl and Br

Solution

Li and Na are alkali metals and this group of metals is named so because they dissolve in water to form alkalies (water-soluble bases).
Question 9
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Which of the following metals do not react with H₂SO₄?

A
Au and Pt

B
Fe and Ni

C
Co and Cr

D
Cr and Mn

Solution

Au and Pt are both noble metals because of their low reactivity.
They do not react with acids unlike other metals.
However, Au and Pt dissolve in aqua regia, which is 3 parts of conc. HCl and 1 part of conc. HNO₃.
Question 10
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The most abundant element in the Earth's crust is

A
oxygen

B
silicon

C
aluminium

D
iron

Solution

Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust and occurs in the form of mineral oxides or carbonates.
The four most abundant elements in the order of abundance in the Earth's crust are:
Oxygen > Silicon > Aluminium > Iron
Question 11
1 / -0

The corrosion of iron can be avoided by

A
reacting it with dilute HCl

B
reacting it with oxygen and water

C
putting it in a solution of copper sulphate

D
coating iron with a layer of tin or chromium

Solution

Iron objects are often coated with a layer of metals like tin or chromium in order to improve the appearance and to prevent corrosion.
Question 12
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When combined chemically with metal atoms, non-metal atoms tend to

A
gain electrons to become negative ions

B
lose electrons to become positive ions

C
remain electrically neutral

D
Any of the above, depending upon the circumstances

Solution

Non-metals are electronegative elements and tend to gain electrons to form negative ions.
Metals, on the other hand, are electropositive elements and have tendency to lose electrons to form cations.
Thus, metals and non-metals react by electron transfer to form ionic compounds.
Question 13
1 / -0

Which of the following halogens is used as an antiseptic in an alcoholic solution?

A
Fluorine

B
Bromine

C
Chlorine

D
Iodine

Solution

An alcoholic solution of iodine, known as tincture of iodine, is used as an antiseptic.
Question 14
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Which among the following is an example of an alloy?

A
Boron

B
Bronze

C
Gold

D
Cobalt

Solution

Boron, gold and cobalt are elements.
Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.
Question 15
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Which of the following compositions represents the German silver alloy?

A
15% Copper, 25% Zinc, 60% Nickel

B
25% Copper, 15% Zinc, 60% Nickel

C
60% Copper, 25% Zinc, 15% Nickel

D
30% Copper, 40% Zinc, 30% Nickel

Solution

German silver is an alloy of copper, nickel and zinc and the percentage composition is as follows:
60% Copper, 25% Zinc, 15% Nickel
Question 16
1 / -0

On burning, metals react with oxygen to produce

A
acidic oxides

B
carbon dioxide

C
Basic oxides

D
nitric oxide

Solution

Metallic oxides are basic and dissolve in water to form a base.
The solution formed turns red litmus blue.
Question 17
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Which among the following is a noble metal?

A
Sodium

B
Gold

C
Calcium

D
Zinc

Solution

Less reactive metals like gold, silver and platinum are referred to as noble metals.
Hence, option (2) is correct.
Question 18
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Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. The acidic, non-metal oxides turn blue litmus red.
b. Sulphur and phosphorus are the non-metals that are used in fireworks.
c. Non-metals react with dilute acids.

A
Only a

B
Only a and b

C
Only b

D
Only c

Solution

This is the correct option as this statement is false. Non-metals do not react with dilute acids.
Question 19
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Solution(s) of which of the following with water turn(s) red litmus blue?

a. Magnesium oxide
b. Sulphur dioxide
c. Sodium oxide
d. Carbon dioxide

A
Only a and b

B
Only b and c

C
Only a and c

D
Only b and d

Solution

Metal oxides are generally basic in nature. Both magnesium oxide and sodium oxide are basic oxides and their solutions in water will turn red litmus blue.
Question 20
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Raju is a student of class VIII and is curious to know the chemical nature of metals. While testing the chemical nature of metals, he noticed that a metal oxide reacts with dilute solutions of both acids and bases to produce hydrogen gas. This metal oxide is

A
magnesium

B
copper

C
aluminium

D
sodium

Solution

Aluminium forms amphoteric oxid, which reacts with both acids and bases to produce hydrogen gas, as shown below.