Combustion And Fuel Test - 3

Statement 2 is false because nuclear reactions are responsible for the heat and light produced in the sun.

The amount of heat produced by the complete combustion of a material or a fuel is called its calorific value.
It is measured in units of energy per amount of material, e.g. kJ/kg.

The most suitable temperature and pressure conditions for the formation of petroleum is high temperature and high pressure.

Natural gas and petroleum are formed from the dead remains of marine plants and animals under geothermal conditions of high temperature and pressure.
Hence, it is a fossil fuel.

Antimony trisulphide and potassium chlorate are used these days to make the head of a matchstick.
Red phosphorus is coated on the rubbing surface that is on the side of a matchbox.
White phosphorus is not used these days because it may undergo spontaneous combustion and hence, its use is not safe.

Catalytic converter is fitted in automobiles to reduce the harmful emissions from its exhaust.

This instrument has a catalyst, which can convert carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and oxides of nitrogen into gaseous nitrogen. This is a pollution control measure.

Petroleum is formed from the organisms living in the sea. When they die, their bodies settle at the bottom of the sea and get covered with layers of sand and clay. Over a period of time, they get converted into petroleum.

This is the correct option. Liquefied petroleum gas consists mainly of butane.

Inexhaustible resources are those which are present in unlimited quantity in nature or are renewed by natural cycles and are not likely to be exhausted by human activities, e.g. wildlife, sun and wind.

Exhaustible resources are those which are present in a limited quantity in nature and are not renewed through quick natural cycles, e.g. fossil fuels (coal and petroleum).
Sunlight is abundant in nature and cannot be destroyed by human activities. Hence, it is an inexhaustible resource.

Both statements I and II are correct, but statement II is not the correct reason for I.
The correct reason for statement I is that combustion is an exothermic process.

Coke is formed by the destructive distillation of coal and is not a component of petroleum.

Coal is a solid fuel and it does not vaporise on heating. Hence, it does not burn with a flame, but smoulders on heating.

The initial flame formed is due to the trapped impurities.
Moreover, coal on burning produces solid ash.