NSO - Mock Test - 5

If we look at the code for KEYBOARD, every letter is incremented by 2 letters, so K + 2 → M,
E + 2 → G and so on.
Coding YACHT in the same way, we get (ACEJV).

Y + 2 → A
A + 2 → C
C + 2 → E
H + 2 → J
T + 2 → V

The correct order is 1, 3, 2, 4, 5.
Key Lock Door Room Switch on
1 3 2 4 5

Methane is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH₄ (one atom of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen). It is a Group 14 hydride and the simplest alkane, and is the main constituent of natural gas. The relative abundance of methane on Earth makes it an attractive fuel, though capturing and storing it poses challenges due to its gaseous state under normal conditions of temperature and pressure.

Malarial disease is caused by Plasmodium parasite.
Plasmodium is a genus of parasitic alveolates, many of which cause malaria in their hosts.

There are advantages to being multicellular rather than unicellular. These include allowing the organism to be larger, and cell differentiation (having different types of cells with different functions). Cellular differentiation is the process by which a less specialised cell becomes a more specialised cell type. Differentiation occurs many times during the development of a multicellular organism as the organism changes from a single zygote to a complex system of tissues and cell types.

Biogas typically refers to a mixture of different gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Biogas can be produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste or food waste.

Petroleum (also known as crude oil) is a fossil fuel that was formed from the remains of ancient marine organisms. Petroleum cannot be formed from the living plants.

H1N1 causes swine flu in humans.
Influenza A (H1N1) virus is the sub-type of influenza also known as swine flu.
Swine flu is a respiratory disease caused by influenza viruses that infect the respiratory tract of pigs and result in a barking cough, decreased appetite, nasal secretions, and listless behaviour.

Fermentation by bacteria helps in curing and flavouring of tea and tobacco, treatment of hide to fine leather, and retting of flax to obtain fibre.

Powdered graphite is used for making dry lubricant. Graphite is also used for making the core of pencils i.e., pencil leads, and for making graphite rods in dry cells.

Polyvinyl chloride is used in making raincoats, shoe soles and water pipes.

Endosomes are a heterogeneous collection of organelles that function in the sorting and delivery of internalised material from the cell surface and the transport of materials from the Golgi to the lysosome or vacuole.

Orion is the constellation that appears in the sky during winter time in the late evenings.

There are three types of muscles: Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth. Skeletal muscles (or striated) are voluntary muscles that control nearly every action a person intentionally performs. Skeletal muscles can be further divided into two types, slow twitch and fast twitch.

Vulnerable species are ones which have been categorised by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as likely to become endangered unless the circumstances threatening their survival and reproduction improve. Vulnerability is mainly caused by habitat loss or destruction.

Electrostatic force is used to separate solid pollutant particles from smoke emitted by factories.

Bauxite is an ore of aluminium.
Bauxite is not a mineral. It is a rock formed from a laterite soil that has been severely leached of silica and other soluble materials in a wet tropical or subtropical climate. It is the primary ore of aluminium.

A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called a sanctuary.

Force exerted by a charged body is electrostatic force.
Coulomb's law states that the magnitude of the electrostatic force of attraction between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Threshing is the process of loosening the edible part of cereal grain (or other crop) from the scaly, inedible chaff that surrounds it.

Legumes are a significant source of protein, dietary fibre, carbohydrates and dietary minerals; for example, a 100 gram serving of cooked chickpeas contains 18% of the Daily Value (DV) for protein.

The process of depositing a layer of any desired metal on another material by means of electricity is known as electroplating.

Lemon juice is good conductor of electricity. Lemon is basically a citrus fruit, which contains an appreciable quantity of citric acid. Thus, lemon juice is a good conductor of electricity due to the presence of H+ ions. Plastic, rubber and wood are bad conductors of electricity.

A batsman hits a cricket ball which then rolls on the level ground. After covering a short distance, the ball comes to rest. The ball stops due to frictional force.

Sounds with frequencies between 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz are called audible sounds.
The SI unit of audio frequency is hertz (Hz). It is the property of sound that most determines the pitch. The generally accepted standard range of audible frequencies is 20 to 20,000 Hz, although the range of frequencies individuals hear is greatly influenced by environmental factors.

Wool is obtained from sheep.
Wool is the textile fibre obtained from sheep and other animals, including cashmere and mohair from goats, qiviut from muskoxen, angora from rabbits, and other types of wool from camelids.

Frequency of a sound determines the shrillness or pitch of the sound. Shrillness or pitch increases with increase in frequency of the sound. Sound with greater frequency is shriller and has higher pitch. Sound with lower frequency is less shrill and of lower pitch.

An electroscope is a device for detecting, measuring and finding the nature of a charge. An electroscope consists of a large jar. A metal rod is fitted into the mouth of the jar with the help of the cork. At the end of the metal rod, a pair of thin leaves of gold or aluminium is suspended.

One thing that doesn't affect tsunamis is the weather because they are powered by energy from ocean-floor shifting. The waves aren't significantly impacted by the surrounding weather conditions.

The speed of light in vacuum is defined to be exactly 299,792,458 m/s (approx. 186,282 miles per second). The fixed value of the speed of light in SI units results from the fact that the metre is now defined in terms of the speed of light.

Earth's liquid hydrosphere is unique among the terrestrial planets, and it is the only planet where plate tectonics have been observed.

A protostar is a collection of gas that has collapsed down from a giant molecular cloud. The protostar phase of stellar evolution lasts about 100,000 years. Over time, gravity and pressure increase, forcing the protostar to collapse down.

The flue gas from combustion of the fossil fuels is discharged to the air. This gas contains carbon dioxide and water vapour, as well as other substances such as nitrogen oxides (NO_x), sulphur oxides (SO_x), mercury, traces of other metals, and for coal-fired plants, fly ash.

Nutrient run-off in stormwater is not an example of point source water pollution. It is an example of nonpoint sources (NPS) as it refers to diffuse contamination that does not originate from a single discrete source. NPS pollution is often the cumulative effect of small amounts of contaminants gathered from a large area.

1. The sulphurous acid turns blue litmus paper red. This statement is true.
2. In general, metallic oxides are acidic in nature. This statement is false as they are basic in nature.
3. Generally, non-metals do not react with water, although they may be very reactive in air. Such non-metals are stored in water. For example, phosphorus is a very reactive non-metal. It catches fire if exposed to air. To prevent the contact of phosphorus with atmospheric oxygen, it is stored in water.

Carbonisation - As coal contains mainly carbon, the slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called carbonisation. Since it was formed from the remains of vegetation, coal is also called a fossil fuel.

Coal Tar - It is a black, thick liquid with unpleasant smell. It is a mixture of about 200 substances. Products obtained from coal tar are used as starting materials for manufacturing various substances used in everyday life and in industry, like synthetic dyes, drugs, explosives, perfumes, plastics, paints, photographic materials, roofing materials, etc. Interestingly, naphthalene balls, used to repel moths and other insects, are also obtained from coal tar.

Bitumen - It is the substance used in making paints and road surfacing.

Coke - It is a tough, porous and black substance. It is almost pure form of carbon. Coke is used in the manufacture of steel and in the extraction of many metals.